Manejo de variadores Yaskawa v1000 y motores asíncronos Nord SK71L/4

Se procedió a iniciar una labor teórico-práctica para dar utilidad a diferentes componentes que habían sido adquiridos por la institución (motores asíncronos Nord sk71l/4, Variadores Yaskawa V1000 y panel de borneras de construcción institucional) pero que no habían sido usados debido al poco conocimiento de los docentes del área, profesionales que laboran en los laboratorios de docencia y estudiantes, volviéndose así en objetivo principal desarrollar una serie de guías de aprendizaje donde cualquier persona de la institución que deseara usar los elementos, aun sin tener conocimientos previos de los mismos, lo pudieran hacer. Desde la puesta en marcha del motor, la variación de rampas de aceleración y desaceleración, la variación de la velocidad, cambio de sentido del giro hasta el uso de botoneras para operar el variador de manera remota, pueden ser vistos en la serie 3 entregables. Además, se realizó el ensamble de los motores (cableado interno e instalación de borneras) y se construyeron los cables necesarios para su conexión (banana macho-macho y cable de poder trifásico). Además, se sujeta a modificación los módulos en los cuales se van a operar los variadores y motores: La placa de bornes de los motores es modificada de forma tal que se distingue individualmente las líneas de entrada de alimentación, para así variar a necesidad su configuración para facilitar el modo de trabajo y reducir los tiempos de ejecución en las aulas, dedicándose en estas únicamente al objetivo real de cada guía.Tecnólogo en Electrónicapregrad

Integration of RNA-Seq data with heterogeneous microarray data for breast cancer profiling

Background: Nowadays, many public repositories containing large microarray gene expression datasets are available. However, the problem lies in the fact that microarray technology are less powerful and accurate than more recent Next Generation Sequencing technologies, such as RNA-Seq. In any case, information from microarrays is truthful and robust, thus it can be exploited through the integration of microarray data with RNA-Seq data. Additionally, information extraction and acquisition of large number of samples in RNA-Seq still entails very high costs in terms of time and computational resources.This paper proposes a new model to find the gene signature of breast cancer cell lines through the integration of heterogeneous data from different breast cancer datasets, obtained from microarray and RNA-Seq technologies. Consequently, data integration is expected to provide a more robust statistical significance to the results obtained. Finally, a classification method is proposed in order to test the robustness of the Differentially Expressed Genes when unseen data is presented for diagnosis. Results: The proposed data integration allows analyzing gene expression samples coming from different technologies. The most significant genes of the whole integrated data were obtained through the intersection of the three gene sets, corresponding to the identified expressed genes within the microarray data itself, within the RNA-Seq data itself, and within the integrated data from both technologies. This intersection reveals 98 possible technology-independent biomarkers. Two different heterogeneous datasets were distinguished for the classification tasks: a training dataset for gene expression identification and classifier validation, and a test dataset with unseen data for testing the classifier. Both of them achieved great classification accuracies, therefore confirming the validity of the obtained set of genes as possible biomarkers for breast cancer. Through a feature selection process, a final small subset made up by six genes was considered for breast cancer diagnosis. Conclusions: This work proposes a novel data integration stage in the traditional gene expression analysis pipeline through the combination of heterogeneous data from microarrays and RNA-Seq technologies. Available samples have been successfully classified using a subset of six genes obtained by a feature selection method. Consequently, a new classification and diagnosis tool was built and its performance was validated using previously unseen samples.This work was supported by Project TIN2015-71873-R (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness -MINECO- and the European Regional Development Fund -ERDF)

Leukemia multiclass assessment and classification from Microarray and RNA-seq technologies integration at gene expression level

In more recent years, a significant increase in the number of available biological experiments has taken place due to the widespread use of massive sequencing data. Furthermore, the continuous developments in the machine learning and in the high performance computing areas, are allowing a faster and more efficient analysis and processing of this type of data. However, biological information about a certain disease is normally widespread due to the use of different sequencing technologies and different manufacturers, in different experiments along the years around the world. Thus, nowadays it is of paramount importance to attain a correct integration of biologically-related data in order to achieve genuine benefits from them. For this purpose, this work presents an integration of multiple Microarray and RNA-seq platforms, which has led to the design of a multiclass study by collecting samples from the main four types of leukemia, quantified at gene expression. Subsequently, in order to find a set of differentially expressed genes with the highest discernment capability among different types of leukemia, an innovative parameter referred to as coverage is presented here. This parameter allows assessing the number of different pathologies that a certain gen is able to discern. It has been evaluated together with other widely known parameters under assessment of an ANOVA statistical test which corroborated its filtering power when the identified genes are subjected to a machine learning process at multiclass level. The optimal tuning of gene extraction evaluated parameters by means of this statistical test led to the selection of 42 highly relevant expressed genes. By the use of minimum- Redundancy Maximum-Relevance (mRMR) feature selection algorithm, these genes were reordered and assessed under the operation of four different classification techniques. Outstanding results were achieved by taking exclusively the first ten genes of the ranking into consideration. Finally, specific literature was consulted on this last subset of genes, revealing the occurrence of practically all of them with biological processes related to leukemia. At sight of these results, this study underlines the relevance of considering a new parameter which facilitates the identification of highly valid expressed genes for simultaneously discerning multiple types of leukemia.This work was supported by Project TIN2015-71873-R (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness -MINECO- and the European Regional Development Fund -ERDF) and Junta de Andalucı´a (P12–TIC–2082)

CMKLR1-targeting peptide tracers for PET/MR imaging of breast cancer

Background: Molecular targeting remains to be a promising approach in oncology. Overexpression of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in human cancer is offering a powerful opportunity for tumor-selective imaging and treatment employing nuclear medicine. We utilized novel chemerin-based peptide conjugates for chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) targeting in a breast cancer xenograft model. Methods: By conjugation with the chelator 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), we obtained a family of five highly specific, high-affinity tracers for hybrid positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) imaging. A xenograft model with target-positive DU4475 and negative A549 tumors in immunodeficient nude mice enabled CMKLR1-specific imaging in vivo. We acquired small animal PET/MR images, assessed biodistribution by ex vivo measurements and investigated the tracer specificity by blocking experiments. Results: Five CMKLR1-targeting peptide tracers demonstrated high biological activity and affinity in vitro with EC50 and IC50 values below 2 nM. Our target-positive (DU4475) and target-negative (A549) xenograft model could be validated by ex vivo analysis of CMKLR1 expression and binding. After preliminary PET imaging, the three most promising tracers [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-AHX-CG34, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-KCap-CG34 and [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-ADX-CG34 with best tumor uptake were further analyzed. Hybrid PET/MR imaging along with concomitant biodistribution studies revealed distinct CMKLR1-specific uptake (5.1% IA/g, 3.3% IA/g and 6.2% IA/g 1 h post-injection) of our targeted tracers in DU4475 tumor tissue. In addition, tumor uptake was blocked by excess of unlabeled peptide (6.4-fold, 5.5-fold and 3.4-fold 1 h post-injection), further confirming CMKLR1 specificity. Out of five tracers, we identified these three tracers with moderate, balanced hydrophilicity to be the most potent in receptor-mediated tumor targeting. Conclusion: We demonstrated the applicability of 68Ga-labeled peptide tracers by visualizing CMKLR1-positive breast cancer xenografts in PET/MR imaging, paving the way for developing them into theranostics for tumor treatment

High Energy Density Lithium–Sulfur Batteries Based on Carbonaceous Two-Dimensional Additive Cathodes

The increasing demand for electrical energy storage makes it essential to explore alternative battery chemistries that overcome the energy-density limitations of the current state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries. In this scenario, lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) stand out due to the low cost, high theoretical capacity, and sustainability of sulfur. However, this battery technology presents several intrinsic limitations that need to be addressed in order to definitively achieve its commercialization. Herein, we report the fruitfulness of three different formulations using well-selected functional carbonaceous additives for sulfur cathode development, an in-house synthesized graphene-based porous carbon (ResFArGO), and a mixture of commercially available conductive carbons (CAs), as a facile and scalable strategy for the development of high-performing LSBs. The additives clearly improve the electrochemical properties of the sulfur electrodes due to an electronic conductivity enhancement, leading to an outstanding C-rate response with a remarkable capacity of 2 mA h cm–2 at 1C and superb capacities of 4.3, 4.0, and 3.6 mA h cm–2 at C/10 for ResFArGO10, ResFArGO5, and CAs, respectively. Moreover, in the case of ResFArGO, the presence of oxygen functional groups enables the development of compact high sulfur loading cathodes (>4 mgS cm–2) with a great ability to trap the soluble lithium polysulfides. Notably, the scalability of our system was further demonstrated by the assembly of prototype pouch cells delivering excellent capacities of 90 mA h (ResFArGO10 cell) and 70 mA h (ResFArGO5 and CAs cell) at C/10.This work was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program Graphene Flagship Core Project 3 (GrapheneCore3) under grant agreement 881603. The project was also supported by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) (RTI2018-098301-B-I00). J.C. is a beneficiary of the Predoctoral Program from the Education Department of the Basque Government. J.L.G.-U. is very thankful to the Spanish Ministry of Universities for the FPU grant (16/03498). Finally, we want to acknowledge GRAPHENEA for supplying the graphene oxide used in this work

Sustainability

Mihouse es una solución dinámica y sostenible para las condiciones reales del barrio en Cali, Colombia, con posibilidades de adaptarse a cualquier lugar. El objetivo principal del equipo es ofrecer un barrio innovador con condiciones de alta asequibilidad a través de una alta densidad de 128 unidades de vivienda que pueden expandirse pronto con fines productivos. Su diseño incluye un generoso entorno verde que ofrece una unidad habitacional confortable, flexible, progresiva y productiva a lo largo del tiempo. Teniendo en cuenta los principios de sostenibilidad, se ha diseñado un plan de gestión integral del agua diseñado un plan de gestión integrada del agua, en el que la recogida de agua de lluvia permite consumir menos agua potable y reutilizarla para la limpieza de los baños, entre otras cosas. Para la gestión integral de los residuos sólidos, se propone la creación de una pequeña empresa que gestione los residuos de la comunidad. Además, Mihouse aprovecha el Sol como fuente de energía gratuita mediante un sistema solar fotovoltaico conectado a la red con capacidad de almacenamiento, que producirá y utilizará su propia energía eléctrica además de poder vender el exceso de energía captada a la red, haciendo el sistema sostenible en el tiempoMihouse is a dynamic and sustainable solution for real neighborhood conditions in Cali, Colombia, with possibilities to be adapted anywhere. The team’s main goal is to offer an innovative neighborhood with high affordability conditions through a high density of 128 living units that can expand soon for productive purposes. Its design includes a generous green environment offering a comfortable living unit, flexible, progressive and productive along the time Considering sustainable principles, an integrated water management plan has been designed, in which rainwater harvesting allows us to consume less potable water and reusing it for cleaning bathrooms among others. For the integrated solid waste management, the creation of a small company to manage the community’s residues is proposed. Furthermore, Mihouse takes advantage of the Sun as a free energy source using a solar photovoltaic gridconnected system with storage capacity, that will produce and use its own electrical energy as well as being able to sell the excess of captured energy to the grid, making the system sustainable during the time.Primera edició

Temas Socio-Jurídicos. Volumen 2 No. 12 Julio de 1984

Reaparece ante la comunidad universitaria, la revista del Centro de Investigaciones ‘TEMAS SOCIOJURIDICOS”, en su edición número 12, como expresión de las inquietudes intelectuales de nuestra facultad y como reflejo de su estado de desarrollo, gracias a la generosa pluma de los profesores que han contribuido con sus artículos y a la paciencia de nuestros lectores, por atisbar las ideas jurídicas y sociológicas que nos atrevemos a barruntar en ella.The magazine of the Research Center 'TEMAS SOCIO-JURIDICOS' reappears before the university community, in its edition number 12, as an expression of the intellectual concerns of our faculty and as a reflection of its state of development, thanks to the generous pen of the professors who have contributed their articles and the patience of our readers, for glimpsing the legal and sociological ideas that we dare to guess at it

Development of a liver graft assessment expert machine-learning system: when the artificial intelligence helps liver transplant surgeons

BackgroundThe complex process of liver graft assessment is one point for improvement in liver transplantation. The main objective of this study is to develop a tool that supports the surgeon who is responsible for liver donation in the decision-making process whether to accept a graft or not using the initial variables available to it.Material and methodLiver graft samples candidate for liver transplantation after donor brain death were studied. All of them were evaluated “in situ” for transplantation, and those discarded after the “in situ” evaluation were considered as no transplantable liver grafts, while those grafts transplanted after “in situ” evaluation were considered as transplantable liver grafts. First, a single-center, retrospective and cohort study identifying the risk factors associated with the no transplantable group was performed. Then, a prediction model decision support system based on machine learning, and using a tree ensemble boosting classifier that is capable of helping to decide whether to accept or decline a donor liver graft, was developed.ResultsA total of 350 liver grafts that were evaluated for liver transplantation were studied. Steatosis was the most frequent reason for classifying grafts as no transplantable, and the main risk factors identified in the univariant study were age, dyslipidemia, personal medical history, personal surgical history, bilirubinemia, and the result of previous liver ultrasound (p < 0.05). When studying the developed model, we observe that the best performance reordering in terms of accuracy corresponds to 76.29% with an area under the curve of 0.79. Furthermore, the model provides a classification together with a confidence index of reliability, for most cases in our data, with the probability of success in the prediction being above 0.85.ConclusionThe tool presented in this study obtains a high accuracy in predicting whether a liver graft will be transplanted or deemed non-transplantable based on the initial variables assigned to it. The inherent capacity for improvement in the system causes the rate of correct predictions to increase as new data are entered. Therefore, we believe it is a tool that can help optimize the graft pool for liver transplantation

Recommendations for ophthalmologic practice during the easing of COVID-19 control measures

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper provides recommendations for medical eye care during the easing of control measures after lockdown. The guidelines presented are based on a literature review and consensus among all Spanish Ophthalmology Societies regarding protection measures recommended for the ophthalmologic care of patients with or without confirmed COVID-19 in outpatient, inpatient, emergency and surgery settings. We recommend that all measures be adapted to the circumstances and availability of personal protective equipment at each centre and also highlight the need to periodically update recommendations as we may need to readopt more restrictive measures depending on the local epidemiology of the virus. These guidelines are designed to avoid the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among both patients and healthcare staff as we gradually return to normal medical practice, to prevent postoperative complications and try to reduce possible deficiencies in the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of the ophthalmic diseases. With this update (5th) the Spanish Society of Ophthalmology is placed as one of the major ophthalmology societies providing periodic and systematized recommendations for ophthalmic care during the COVID-19 pandemic

Inferior vena cava filters: a review

Venous thromboembolism is an entity that ranges from deep vein thrombosis to pulmonary embolism, both are highly prevalent diseases in our environment and potentially fatal. The intention of this review is to compile information regarding the indications, contraindications, complications and comparison of different therapeutic methods in order to create an algorithm. An exhaustive review was performed with the available literature, using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Cochrane databases from 2004 to 2021. The search criteria were formulated to identify reports related to inferior vena cava filters. Venous thrombosis manifested as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism is a highly prevalent disease in our setting with high morbidity and mortality. Currently, different therapeutic options have been presented to address this pathology, in this review we focus on the developments regarding the use of vena cava filters. Reviewing the indications for the placement of a vena cava filter, we find absolute indications such as a contraindication to anticoagulation and high risk of massive pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary thromboembolism is a disease with high prevalence and mortality, we have highly effective and novel treatments such as the vena cava filter, patients should be selected carefully always taking into account the absolute and relative indications