Promoção do consumo de frutas, legumes e verduras junto a comunidades atendidas pelo Programa Saúde da Família (PSF) e Programa de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (PACS): diagnóstico inicial.

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Classificação de perfis com horizonte A antrópico (Terra Preta de Índio) em áreas de várzea do rio Solimões, AM.

Com o intuito de desenvolver um maior conhecimento pedológico a cerca dos solos antrópicos na Amazônia, o presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar e classificar perfis de TPI em áreas de várzea do rio Solimões

Kongeriget Danmark i 1332 - et fallitbo

Denmark 1332 - A Bankrupt RealmIn the history of Denmark the years 1332-1340 were an interregnum. After Christopher II died in 1332 there was no King of Denmark until 1340, when his son Valdemar Atterdag acceded to the throne. At Christopher’s death the entire Danish realm had been mortgaged to domestic and foreign creditors, and he had no realistic chance of paying them off. To all appearances the realm would be dissolved, and its various parts would be incorporated in neighbouring kingdoms and principalities. That is not what happened. Valdemar IV succeeded in reuniting the realm, but it took him more than twenty years to do it.Pawning parts of the Danish realm was a frequent occurrence in the High and Late Middle Ages, but the situation in the 1330s was unique. Never before or after did the phenomenon reach a point that threatened the very existence of the realm, and Danish historians, who have ever since felt it as a national humiliation, have proffered a series of explanations to account for how it came about.The earliest explanations from the middle of the fourteenth up to the eighteenth century strongly emphasize Christopher’s personal responsibility: weak character and a sinful life plunged the realm into disaster. In the first half of the eighteenth century the blame was extended to a broader circle, and it was recognized that in Count Gerhard III of Holstein, the king faced as his most bitter opponent an adversary who far outmatched him in political wits. In the middle of the nineteenth century the source of the problem is placed further back in time to Christopher’s brother and predecessor, King Eric VI Menved, whose costly wars had thrown the country into debt.Another explanation, which with various modifications is still considered valid today, arose around the beginning of the twentieth century. It contends that Eric VI’s and Christopher II’s severe taxation of the Danish yeomanry undermined itself by driving the freehold peasants to seek the protection of the nobility: In ceding their property rights in return for tenure their land was safeguarded under the nobility’s exemption from royal taxes. The drop in tax revenues thus resulted in a collapse of the king’s finances, leading to the disastrous pawning policy and ultimately to the breakdown of royal power.Very few Danish historians have deviated from this explanatory framework, although it has been suggested that the background for mortgaging the realm was more political than financial, i.e., rather than an attempt to raise liquid assets it should be seen primarily a means to procure political support from persons for whom landed property meant more than money.The present study argues that there is no documentation for a royal financial crisis. Even if ordinary taxes were in decline, this was offset by the collection of extraordinary taxes. Moreover, the Danish kings’ credit was good, and their ability to contract loans far from exhausted. The collapse cannot be attributed to a state-finance crisis; it must have been due to a political crisis. The pawning away of the realm must be seen as a political instrument, not as a desperate attempt to raise money to rescue a bankrupt monarchy. In seeking an explanation of the hopeless situation of the realm just before and during the interregnum the focus thus returns to the personal character traits of the kings as politicians and the politics of the times.Translated by Michael Wolf

Produção de alface em função da época de cultivo em Macapá-AP.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o efeito da época de cultivo (época seca e época chuvosa) na produção de alface avaliando-se os seguintes parametros: número de folhas, peso da cabeça e produtividade.bitstream/item/97855/1/CPAF-AP-1998-Producao-alface.pd

The Evolution Of Medical Students Interest In Primary Healthcare Throughout Their Degree Course

As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Curso de Medicina de 2001 evidenciaram a necessidade de mudanças na educação médica para a formação desses profissionais. As novas Diretrizes de 2014 vieram reforçar as mudanças para maior integração ensino-serviço. A Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp) promoveu uma mudança, inserindo o estudante em atividades de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) desde o primeiro ano, incluindo no quarto ano a disciplina Atenção Integral à Saúde, na qual se vivencia a realidade da assistência em Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) durante o ano letivo. Objetivo Avaliar o interesse do estudante em atuar como médico na APS. Método Questionário estruturado enviado ao terceiro, quarto, quinto e sexto anos de Medicina no ano de 2012, antes, durante e após a disciplina. A disciplina Atenção Integral à Saúde foi criada e implementada durante a reforma curricular com a intenção de que os estudantes tivessem uma imersão na APS com responsabilidade e vínculo médico-paciente, atendendo às DCN e formando médicos para as necessidades da população. As outras disciplinas de inserção ensino-serviço que já existiam no internato tiveram adaptações durante a reforma sem transformações. Resultados Observa-se uma mudança no interesse em trabalhar na APS, que passou de 20,9% no terceiro ano de Medicina, dado confirmado por estudos anteriores, para 47% no sexto ano. Foram comparadas e analisadas estatisticamente respostas das turmas vinculadas ao estudo, mostrando que a inserção mais cedo na rede pública com integração ensino-serviço foi efetiva quanto à mudança de intenção de atuar como profissional médico na APS. O cuidado com o ensino nos estágios nas UBS com professores e preceptores, mostrando qualidade e resolutividade no atendimento, pode ter auxiliado nesta mudança nas intenções de atuar futuramente como profissionais na rede municipal de Saúde.40462162

Strategies for genetic study of hearing loss in the \ud Brazilian northeastern region

The overall aim of this study was to estimate the contribution of genetic factors to the etiology of hearing loss (HL) in two counties in the Brazilian northeastern region. A cross-sectional study, based on the key informant approach (KI) was conducted in Queimadas and Gado Bravo counties (Paraíba, Northeast Brazil). The sample consisted of 182 patients with HL. Genetic screening of the most frequent mutations associated with HL was performed for all samples. DFNB1 mutations were the most frequently found in both counties. The c.35delG mutation was detected in homozygosis in seven non-syndromic probands in Queimadas (7/76, 9.2%) and only a single homozygote with this mutation was found in Gado Bravo (1/44, 2.3%). We also detected the del(GJB6-D13S1854) mutation in non-syndromic probands from Gado Bravo (2/44, 4.5%). The c.189C>A (p.TyrY63*) mutation in the CLRN1 gene was detected in homozygosis in 21/23 Usher syndrome patients from Gado Bravo and it was not found in Queimadas. Cases with probable genetic etiology contributed approximately to half of HL probands in each county (54.6% in Gado Bravo and 45.7% in Queimadas). We confirm the importance of DFNB1 locus to non-syndromic HL but we show that the frequency of mutations in the northeastern region differs somewhat from those reported in southeastern Brazil and other populations. In addition, the extremely high frequency of individuals with Usher syndrome with c.189C>A variation in CLRN1 indicates the need for a specific screening of this mutation.This work was supported by CNPq, CAPES and CEPID-FAPESP. We are grateful to Dr. Ignacio del Castillo for suggestion of several protocols.We also thank the ophthalmologist Sabino Guimarães for fundoscopy of Usher syndrome patients. We thank Dr. Paulo Otto for critical reading of the manuscript. Maria Teresa Balester de Mello Auricchio for technical assistance

Three-body correlations in Borromean halo nuclei

Three-body correlations in the dissociation of two-neutron halo nuclei are explored using a technique based on intensity interferometry and Dalitz plots. This provides for the combined treatment of both the n-n and core-n interactions in the exit channel. As an example, the breakup of 14Be into 12Be+n+n by Pb and C targets has been analysed and the halo n-n separation extracted. A finite delay between the emission of the neutrons in the reaction on the C target was observed and is attributed to 13Be resonances populated in sequential breakup.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PR

Synthesis, anti-toxoplasma gondii and antimicrobial activities of 2-hydrazolyl-3-phenyl-5-(4-nitrobenzylidene)-4-thiazolidinone substituted derivatives

A novel series of 2-hydrazolyl-3-phenyl-5-(4-nitrobenzylidene)-4-thiazolidinone substituted (3a-p) has been synthesized. The intermediates 2-hydrazolyl-3-phenyl-4-thiazolidinone substituted (2a-p) were prepared by condensation of benzaldehyde 4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazone substituted (1a-p) with ethyl chloroacetate. Theses intermediates were submitted to reaction with ethyl 2-cyano-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-acetate to give the title compounds. The 4-thiazolidinones were screened for their anti-Toxoplasma gondii, and all derivatives promoted decrease of percentage of infection of Vero cells, with elimination of intracellular tachyzoites. The LD50 ranged around 0.5 mM for the intracellular parasites and were higher than 10 mM for Vero cells. According to results of antimicrobial activity, only two compounds showed significant inhibition against M. luteus, but demonstrated higher values of MIC and MBC when compared with standard drug.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire