Rasgos sedimentológicos de la plataforma interna valenciana (tramo Oliva-La Vila Joiosa), y su relación con la geomorfología continental

[Resumen] Durante las campañas de geofísica marina de 1990 y 1992, realizadas en el litoral valenciano, (Sector Oliva-la Vila Joiosa), dentro del Proyecto La Nao, se obtuvo un amplio conjunto de muestras superficiales en la plataforma interna. Sus características texturales, biológicas y micropaleontológicas, puestas en relación con los rasgos geomorfológicos del área continental, permiten matizar la dinámica sedimentaria de este tramo. Al propio tiempo, se deducen algunos factores específicos que han contribuído a la particular distribución de los depósitos infralitorales. Destaca entre ellos la fuente de aprovisionamiento de los materiales, la paleotopografía pleistocena de la plataforma y la proporción de los elementos biógenos respecto a las poblaciónes detríticas.[Abstract] A wide amount of surface samples from the submarine shelf was obtained during the 1990-1992 marine geophysics campaigns carried out along the Valencian coastline (Oliva-la Vila Joiosa sector) within project "La Nao". Their biological, micropaleonthological and texture characteristics, compared to the geomorphological features of the corresponding continental sector, allow a better knowledge of the sedimentary dynamics of this area. Sorne specific factors contributing to the particular distribution of the infra-littoral deposits have also been revealed. Sorne outstanding ones are the supply sources of the materials, the Pleistocene paleotopography of the shelf and the proportion of biogenic elements with regard to detrictic populations

Evolución cuaternaria del drenaje en un corredor intramontano: La Canal de Navarrés (Valencia, Spain)

[Resumen] Este artículo analiza la evolución actual y del Cuaternario reciente de la red de drenaje en una fosa intramontana del macizo del Caroig (Valencia). De la información bibliográfica, el análisis geomorfológico y el registro sedimentario obtenido por sondeo mecánico, acompañado de dataciones absolutas C14 y TL, se concluye que claros signos de precariedad en la organización de la red han perdurado, si bien a menor escala, hasta la actualidad[Abstract] This paper is about the drainage network evolution during the Holocene and Late Quaternary in the rift valley of the Caroig massif (Valencia). Geological and geomorphological studies showed halocinesis movements in this graben. Sorne other processes, for instance, aIluvial and coIluvial deposition, moreover lithochemical and biochemical sedimention occured at the same time. The core sediment analysis and C14 and TL datations, allow us to conclude that in this zone, the disruption of the quaternary drainage network persists at the present time, eventhough it is less evident.Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica; PB91-089

On the zeroth-order Hamiltonian for CASPT2 calculations of spin crossover compounds

Complete active space self-consistent field theory (CASSCF) calculations and subsequent second-order perturbation theory treatment (CASPT2) are discussed in the evaluation of the spin-states energy difference (ΔHelec) of a series of seven spin crossover (SCO) compounds. The reference values have been extracted from a combination of experimental measurements and DFT  +  U calculations, as discussed in a recent article (Vela et al., Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015, 17, 16306). It is definitely proven that the critical IPEA parameter used in CASPT2 calculations of ΔHelec, a key parameter in the design of SCO compounds, should be modified with respect to its default value of 0.25 a.u. and increased up to 0.50 a.u. The satisfactory agreement observed previously in the literature might result from an error cancellation originated in the default IPEA, which overestimates the stability of the HS state, and the erroneous atomic orbital basis set contraction of carbon atoms, which stabilizes the LS states

Replacement of Metaphylactic Antimicrobial Therapy by Oral Administration of Ligilactobacillus salivarius MP100 in a Pig Farm

Antibiotic use in swine production contributes to the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria, which poses a threat on human health. Therefore, alternative approaches must be developed. The objective of this work was the characterization of the probiotic properties of a Ligilactobacillus salivarius strain isolated from sow's milk and its application as an inoculated fermented feed to pregnant sows and piglets. The study was carried in a farm in which metaphylactic use of antimicrobials (including zinc oxide) was eliminated at the time of starting the probiotic intervention, which lasted for 2 years. Feces from 8-week-old piglets were collected before and after the treatment and microbiological and biochemical analyses were performed. The procedure led to an increase in the concentrations of clostridia and lactobacilli-related bacteria. Parallel, an increase in the concentration of butyrate, propionate and acetate was observed and a notable reduction in the presence of antibiotic resistant lactobacilli became apparent. In conclusion, replacement of antimicrobials by a microbiota-friendly approach was feasible and led to positive microbiological and biochemical changes in the enteric environment

Pitfalls on evaluating pair exchange interactions for modelling molecule-based magnetism

Molecule-based magnetism is a solid-state property that results from the microscopic interaction between magnetic centres or radicals. The observed magnetic response is due to unpaired electrons whose coupling leads to a particular magnetic topology. Therefore, to understand the magnetic response of a given molecule-based magnet and reproduce the available experimental magnetic properties by means of statistical mechanics, one has to be able to determine the value of the JAB magnetic exchange coupling between radicals. The calculation of JAB is thus a key point for modelling molecule-based magnetism. In this Perspectives article, we will build upon our experience in modelling molecular magnetism to point out some pitfalls on evaluating JAB couplings. Special attention must be paid to the cluster models used to evaluate JAB, which should account for cooperative effects among JAB interactions and also consider the environment (counterions, hydrogen bonding) of the two radicals whose interaction has to be evaluated. It will be also necessary to assess whether a DFT-based or a wavefunction-based method is best to study a given radical. Finally, in addition to model and method, the JAB couplings have to be able to adapt to changes in the magnetic topology due to thermal fluctuations. Therefore, it is most important to appraise in which systems molecular dynamics simulations would be required. Given the large number of issues one must tackle when choosing the correct model and method to evaluate JAB interactions for modelling magnetic properties in molecule-based materials, the “human factor” is a must to cross-examine and challenge computations before trusting any result

Use of in vivo-induced antigen technology to identify bacterial genes expressed during solea senegalensis infection with Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida

The marine fish pathogen Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Phdp) is responsible for important outbreaks affecting several fish species including flatfish Solea senegalensis. The aim of this work was to identify in vivo-induced expressed immunogenic proteins using pooled sera from fish that have experienced photobacteriosis. In vivo induced immunogenic proteins included inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (Impdh) and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (AhpC), two proteins involved in peptide synthesis: serine hydroxymethyl transferase (Shmt) and alanyl-tRNA synthetase (AlaRS) and the non-ribosomal peptide synthetase involved in the synthesis of the siderophore piscibactin (Irp2)

Effect of an alcohol-free beer enriched with isomaltulose and a resistant dextrin on insulin resistance in diabetic patients with overweight or obesity

Background & aims: The quality of carbohydrates has an essential role in nutritional management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) because of its substantial impact on glucose homeostasis. Alcohol-free beer has beneficial bioactive components but it has a relatively high glycemic-index so its consumption is restricted in diabetic subjects. We aimed to explore the effect of an alcohol-free beer with modified carbohydrate composition almost completely eliminating maltose and adding isomaltulose (16.5 g/day) and a resistant maltodextrin (5.28 g/day) in comparison to a regular alcohol-free beer on glycemic control of diabetic subjects with overweight or obesity. Design: We randomized 41 subjects into two groups: a) consumption of 66 cL/day of; regular alcohol-free beer for the first 10 weeks and 66 cL/day of alcohol-free beer with modified carbohydrate composition for the next 10 weeks; b) the same described intervention in opposite order. There was a washout period for 6–8 weeks between the two interventions. Participants were counseled to adhere to a healthy diet for cardiovascular health and to increase physical activity. Clinical, biochemical, anthropometric, lifestyle and satiety assessments were performed at the beginning and at the end of each period. Results: Subjects showed significantly weight loss after the two ten weeks periods (-1.69 ± 3.21% and -1.77 ± 3.70% after experimental and regular alcohol-free beers, respectively, P = 0.881). Glucose and glycated hemoglobin did not significantly change after any period. Insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR significantly decreased (-11.1 [–21.3-4.64]% and -1.92 ± 32.8% respectively) after the intake of experimental alcohol-free beer but not after regular alcohol-free beer. Reductions remained statistically significant after adjusting for weight loss, energy intake, physical activity and intervention order. Subjects reported higher satiety scores after consuming experimental alcohol-free beer. Conclusions: An alcohol-free beer including the substitution of regular carbohydrates for low doses of isomaltulose and the addition of a resistant maltodextrin within meals led to an improvement in insulin resistance in subjects with T2DM and overweight or obesity. Clinical trial registration: The clinical trial has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03337828)