Critical Opalescence around the QCD Critical Point and Second-order Relativistic Hydrodynamic Equations Compatible with Boltzmann Equation

The dynamical density fluctuations around QCD critical point (CP) are analyzed using relativistic dissipative fluid dynamics, and we show that the sound mode around the QCD CP is strongly attenuated whereas the thermal fluctuation stands out there. We speculate that if possible suppression or disappearance of a Mach cone, which seems to be created by the partonic jets at RHIC, is observed as the incident energy of the heavyion collisions is decreased, it can be a signal of the existence of the QCD CP. We have presented the Israel-Stewart type fluid dynamic equations that are derived rigorously on the basis of the (dynamical) renormalization group method in the second part of the talk, which we omit here because of a lack of space.Comment: Typos are corrected. Figures are replaced with the correct ones, and the figure captions are rewritten accordingly. 4 pages, 1 figure. To appear in the conference proceedings for Quark Matter 2009, March 30 - April 4, Knoxville, Tennesse

Molecular forms and fluorescence processes of 9-aminoacridine in thin sol-gel films

Molecular aggregation and fluorescence processes of 9-aminoacridine (9AA) in thin silica gel films have been investigated by the steady state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. The monomer of 9AA was the preferential species in the sol-gel reaction systems of tetraethylorthosilicate until the gelation occurred. The 9AA molecules formed the dimer or higher aggregates just after preparing the dip-coated thin film from the sol-gel system. The extent of the aggregation decreased in the film prepared from the system in which the reaction further proceeded. This result indicates that the aggregation in the prepared film was gradually prevented by the steric hindrance of the SiO2 network with the progress of the sol-gel reaction. The fluorescence properties of 9AA revealed the behavior of the molecules due to the change in the physicochemical environment in the matrix.ArticleJOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY. 212(1):62-67 (2010)journal articl

<ORIGINAL>A prospective randomized clinical study on the efficacy of CO_2 lasers on initial stage endodontics

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the CO_2 laser in a prospective randomized trial. A total of 112 teeth in 112 patients, previously treated pulpectomy procedures were gathered and randomly divided into two groups composed of 56. Irradiation was performed on one group and non-irradiation forms of treatment were performed on the other group. On the first group of teeth, root canal enlargement was done and followed by exposure of the canal to a CO_2 laser light (5W, 200msec) using 3 cycles each at a rate of 15 seconds per cycle. The second group was not exposed to laser light following root canal enlargement. The laser was applied on the root canal for a controlled period of time. On the day following pulpectomy, a statistically significant (p < 0.05) fewer number of patients observed pain in the irradiation group compared to the non-irradiation group. The treatment times and the total treatment days in the irradiation group are shorter than in the non-irradiation group (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the laser treatment was significantly associated with treatment times. This study shows that the degree of oral pain was greatly reduced in patients who underwent laser irradiation as compared to these who did not. Our study suggests that the use of laser treatment provide significant short-term improvement compared to conventional forms of treatment performed during pulpectomy

Increased nitric oxide levels in exhaled air of rat lung allografts

AbstractIn organ transplantation nitric oxide has been reported to be involved in allograft rejection. We examined in a rat lung transplantation model whether nitric oxide is overproduced in acute rejection and can be detected in exhaled air. Thirteen rat right lung transplants were separated into three groups: group 1 (n = 5), untreated allografts (Brown-Norway [RT1n] to Lewis [RT1l]); group 2 (n = 4), cyclosporine-treated allografts; and group 3 (n = 4), isografts (Lewis to Lewis). We examined exhaled nitric oxide levels with a chemiluminescence analyzer and chest roentgenograms on days 2 through 5. Histologic samples were obtained on days 3 and 5. On day 5, the recipients were killed and we measured exhaled nitric oxide from the right and left lungs separately. Blood samples were also obtained for measurement of serum nitrite/nitrate. The exhaled nitric oxide level in untreated allografts increased significantly from day 5 (63.9 ± 39.2 ppb, p = 0.0095) and was significantly higher than that in treated allografts (9.1 ± l.6 ppb) (p = 0.0085) and isografts (6.9 ± 0.5 ppb) (p = 0.0068). The nitric oxide level in untreated allografts (826.5 ± 416.1 ppb) was 75 times as high as that from the contralateral normal left lungs (11.2 ± 2.6 ppb) (p = 0.0118). The level of exhaled nitric oxide correlated significantly with the histologic rejection grade (p = 0.0001). There was no significant difference in the serum nitrite/nitrate levels between allografts and isografts. These data suggest that increased exhaled nitric oxide levels might reflect acute rejection in lung transplants. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1997;113:830-5

QCD Critical Points and Their Associated Soft Modes

The mean-field level calculation shows that the QCD matter can have multiple critical points incorporating the color superconductivity under charge neutrality constraint due to the repulsive vector interaction; this actually implies that the QCD matter is very soft for a simultaneous formation of diquark and chiral condensates coupled with the baryonic density. Dynamical density fluctuations are analyzed as possible soft modes around the QCD critical point using dissipative relativistic fluid dynamics. It is found that the entropy fluctuation solely gets enhanced while the sound modes due to mechanical density fluctuations are strongly attenuated around the QCD CP, which may suggest a suppression or even total disappearance of Mach cone at the CP.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures. Talk presented at Yukawa International workshop "New Frontiers in QCD 2010 --- Exotic Hadron Systems and Dense Matter ---" (NFQCD10), Jan. 18(Mon.)-Mar.19(Fri), 2010, Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto, Japa

Development and research of X-band dynamic nuclear polarization system

In order to investigate the experimental technique and the high magnetic field effect in the dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) experiments, the X-band 1H-DNP experiments have been performed on a organic solution of α ,γ-bisdiphenylene-β-phyenylallyl (BDPA) radical at room temperature. Because BDPA-doped toluene solution evaporated immediately during sub-THz irradiation, we tried DNP experiments with changing the solvent from toluene to benzene. As a result, we obtained similar DNP effects on the two solutions. We can expect that benzene solution is an appropriate sample for sub-THz DNP experiments. Further, we performed DNP measurements with degassed sample in order to avoid the relaxation due to oxygen in the sample solution. DNP enhancement observed in our measurements is well interpreted in terms of Overhauser effect

Quinolizidines. VIII. Structure and Synthesis of the Alangium Alkaloid Alangicine : Syntheses of (±)- and (+)-Alangicines

The first total synthesis of alangicine (3), an Alangium lamarckii alkaloid, has been achieved in the form of a racemic modification by means of an initial alkaline hydrolysis of the (±)-tricyclic ester 6 and succeeding steps proceeding through the intermediates (±)-7,(±)-10,and (±)-9. A parallel synthetic route starting with the (-)-tricyclic ester 6,derived from (+)-cincholoipon ethyl ester (8), produced the chiral target molecule (+)-3 with alangicine unequivocally established the structure and absolute stereochemistry of this alkaloid. The ^C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of (±)-alangicine (3) and the ipecac and Alangium alkaloid psychotrine (18) confirmed their endocyclic double bond structures in the dihydroisoquinoline moiety. Catalytic reductions of 11,(±)-12,and 15 using hydrogen and Pd-C were investigated, and the results have shown that hydrogenolysis of the benzyloxy group proceeds much faster than saturation of the endocyclic C=N bond

Results of surgical treatment of thymomas with special reference to the involved organs

AbstractObjective: The purpose of this study is to clarify the significance of the particular involved organ as a prognostic factor and its relation to other previously reported factors. Methods: The prognoses of 194 consecutive patients with thymoma who had undergone complete or subtotal resection were reviewed retrospectively. Survival was evaluated as actuarial freedom from tumor death. Analysis of prognostic factors was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method with the log rank test and Cox's proportional hazards model. Results: The Masaoka staging system and involvement of the great vessels were the independent prognostic factors in the entire study group; age, sex, histologic subtype, completeness of resection, association of myasthenia gravis, or involvement of other organs were not factors. The 10-year and 20-year survivals were 99% and 90% in stage I, 94% and 90% in stage II, 88% and 56% in stage III, 30% and 15% in stage IVa, 0% and 0% in stage IVb, 93% and 83% in the absence of involvement of the great vessels, and 54% and 20% in the presence of it. Involvement of the great vessels was also the single independent prognostic factor in the patients with stage III disease although completeness of resection or involvement of other organs were not. The 10-year and 20-year survivals in patients with stage III disease were 97% and 75% in the absence of involvement of the great vessels, and 70% and 29% in the presence of it. Conclusion: Although the Masaoka staging system is a valuable prognostic factor, the category of stage III is heterogeneous and consists of 2 groups with distinct prognoses depending on involvement of the great vessels. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999;117:605-13

Measurement of the forward-backward asymmetries for charm- and bottom-quark pair productions at <s><\sqrt{s}>=58GeV with electron tagging

We have measured, with electron tagging, the forward-backward asymmetries of charm- and bottom-quark pair productions at $$=58.01GeV, based on 23,783 hadronic events selected from a data sample of 197pb$^{-1}$ taken with the TOPAZ detector at TRISTAN. The measured forward-backward asymmetries are $A_{FB}^c = -0.49 \pm 0.20(stat.) \pm 0.08 (sys.)$ and $A_{FB}^b = -0.64 \pm 0.35(stat.) \pm 0.13 (sys.)$, which are consistent with the standard model predictions.Comment: 19 pages, Latex format (article), 5 figures included. to be published in Phys. Lett.