Estudio clínico evolutivo de la histiocitosis de células de Langerhans en la infancia

Estudio descriptivo y analítico de las formas de presentación, evolución, supervivencia, complicaciones y secuelas de los pacientes pediátricos diagnosticados de Histiocitosis de Células de Langerhans (HCL) en nuestro hospital. Pacientes y métodos: Revisión retrospectiva de los pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico anatomopatológico de HCL desde 1985 hasta 2016. Se clasificó a los enfermos dependiendo de si la enfermedad comprometió un solo órgano o más de uno en: HCL de sistema simple y HCL multisistémica; y dependiendo de los órganos afectados en: HCL bajo riesgo (piel, huesos, ganglios linfáticos, pulmón e hipófisis) y HCL de alto riesgo (bazo, hígado, médula ósea, sistema nerviosos central –SNC-). Las comparaciones se efectuaron mediante la prueba exacta de Fisher (proporciones) y la prueba no paramétrica de U de Mann-Whitney (variables cuantitativas). El programa estadístico utilizado fue el SPSS versión 15.0 y el nivel de significación establecido fue de p < 0.05. La HCL representó el 8,5% del total de cáncer infantil. En nuestra serie encontramos 11 varones (78,6%) y 3 mujeres, con una mediana de edad al diagnóstico de 25 meses (rango: 4-126). Once pacientes presentaron HCL multisistémica (78,6%) y tres HCL de sistema simple. Once de los pacientes (78,6%) presentaron formas clínicas de bajo riesgo y tres de alto riesgo. Trece casos (93%) presentaron afectación ósea, 5 en forma unifocal (38,5%), 4 multifocal en el mismo hueso (30,8%) y 4 multifocal en huesos diferentes (30,8%). La localización de las lesiones óseas incluyó el cráneo en 12 (92,3%) y de ellos 6 (50%) con afectación de órbita, mastoides o hueso temporal. En las formas multisistémicas (n = 11) se encontró afectación cutánea en el 100% de los casos, afectación ósea en el 90,9% (n = 10), afectación ótica en el 63,6% (n = 7) y menos frecuentemente afectación ganglionar (n = 3), hepática (n = 2), esplénica (n = 2), médula ósea (n = 1), SNC (n = 1) y pulmonar (n = 1). Ocho de las formas multisistémicas (72,7%) fueron de bajo riesgo y tres (27,3%) de alto riesgo. La supervivencia global fue del 100%. Nueve de los niños (64,3%) presentaron al menos una recaída, asociándose de forma significativa a afectación multisitémica (p = 0,027). Seis de los pacientes (42,8%) presentaron afectación hipofisaria con asociación significativa con la participación ótica al diagnóstico o evolutiva (p = 0,005), así como con la afectación de huesos craneales que incluyen órbita, mastoides o hueso temporal (p = 0,04). Doce casos recibieron quimioterapia. La secuelas más frecuentes fueron las endocrinopatías (n = 6) y más raras las estéticas (n =1), persistencia de lesiones cutáneas (n = 1) y ataxia con retraso psicomotor por leucoencefalopatía (n = 1). En nuestra serie hospitalaria de HCL predominan las formas multisistémicas de bajo riesgo con afectación ósea y cutánea. Se aprecia una frecuente afectación hipofisaria (42,8%) asociada a participación ótica y afectación ósea craneal de huesos de riesgo. La supervivencia fue del 100%, pero el porcentaje de recaídas alto (64,3%), relacionándose con la afectación multisistémica, y las secuelas importantes.Grado en Medicin

An Empirical Study of Real-World SPARQL Queries

Understanding how users tailor their SPARQL queries is crucial when designing query evaluation engines or fine-tuning RDF stores with performance in mind. In this paper we analyze 3 million real-world SPARQL queries extracted from logs of the DBPedia and SWDF public endpoints. We aim at finding which are the most used language elements both from syntactical and structural perspectives, paying special attention to triple patterns and joins, since they are indeed some of the most expensive SPARQL operations at evaluation phase. We have determined that most of the queries are simple and include few triple patterns and joins, being Subject-Subject, Subject-Object and Object-Object the most common join types. The graph patterns are usually star-shaped and despite triple pattern chains exist, they are generally short.Comment: 1st International Workshop on Usage Analysis and the Web of Data (USEWOD2011) in the 20th International World Wide Web Conference (WWW2011), Hyderabad, India, March 28th, 201

Kinematics of Herbig-Haro Objects and Jets in the Orion Nebula

We have surveyed the inner 5' of the Orion Nebula by means of Halpha and [NII] Fabry-Perot imaging spectroscopy to present a kinematical study of the Herbig-Haro objects in the nebula. The objects studied in this work are HH 202, 203, 204, 529, 269 and other associated features. For HH 202 we find new features that, because of their high velocities (up to 100 km/seg) indicate the presence of an outflow that probably is a HH flow not catalogued previously. HH 202 could be only a part of this larger outflow. Large internal motions are found in the fainter regions of HH 203-204, as well as evidence of transverse density gradients that could account for the asymmetry in the brightness distribution of HH 204. We report for the first time a high blueshifted velocity (-118 km/seg) associated with HH 204, and show that the apex of HH 204 is indeed the zone of maximum velocity, in agreement with bow shock models. We also studied the radial velocity field of HH 269 finding features associated with the HH object. From our studies, we find kinematic evidence that suggests that HH 203-204 and HH 202 are part of a big (aprox. 0.55 pc) bipolar HH outflow.Comment: 24 pages, 10 figures (in three jpg files). To be Published in Astronomical Journa

Theory of Self- vs. Externally-Regulated LearningTM: Fundamentals, Evidence, and Applicability

The Theory of Self- vs. Externally-Regulated LearningTM has integrated the variables of SRL theory, the DEDEPRO model, and the 3P model. This new Theory has proposed: (a) in general, the importance of the cyclical model of individual self-regulation (SR) and of external regulation stemming from the context (ER), as two different and complementary variables, both in combination and in interaction; (b) specifically, in the teaching-learning context, the relevance of different types of combinations between levels of self-regulation (SR) and of external regulation (ER) in the prediction of self-regulated learning (SRL), and of cognitive-emotional achievement. This review analyzes the assumptions, conceptual elements, empirical evidence, benefits and limitations of SRL vs. ERL Theory. Finally, professional fields of application and future lines of research are suggested

Estudio de las dificultades de atención asociadas a las estrategias de autorregulación en alumnos de secundaria

[Resumen] Desde la conceptuación realizada por Liebert y Morris (1967) de la ansiedad ante la evaluación, se ha generado una importante cantidad de estudios. Los esfuerzos investigadores se han dirigido principalmente a determinar la influencia de la ansiedad ante la evaluación y sus componentes (preocupación y emIocionalidad) en la ejecución de diversas tareas y al conocimiento de los procesos cognitivos mediadores. El presente estudio pretende constatar la existencia de los efectos causales producidos por la ansiedad ante la evaluación y sus componentes en la ejecución de una tarea de atención. Al mismo tiempo, nos interesamos por la naturaleza de las estrategias cognitivas de autorregulación (facilitadoras vs. interferentes) generadas por los estudiantes durante la ejecución de dicha tarea. Los resultados demostraron la existencia de diferencias significativas en atención entre sujetos altos y bajos en preocupación. En relación con el componente enl0cional las diferencias no resultaron significativas. También aparecieron diferencias significativas en cuanto a la naturaleza de las estrategias cognitivas de autorregulación utilizadas por los sujetos. Del mismo modo, se observaron patrones de pensamiento diferentes entre alumnos de alto y bajo rendimiento en atención, produciendo los primeros lnás pensamientos de interferencia que los segundos. Por último, se constató que la preocupación frente a lo emocional, genera una mayor cantidad de estrategias que interfieren.[Abstract] Since the conceptualization realized by Liebert and Morris (1967) about the anxiety test (in evaluation situations), it has been generated an important amount ofresearches. The investigating efforts have been adressed, mainly, to determine the relative impact ofthe evaluation anxiety and its components (worry and emotionality) about the fuIfilment of several taks and about the knowledge of the mediating cognitive processes. This research sougth to confirm the existence of the differential causal effects from the evaluation anxiety and its components in the fulfilment of an attentional taks, and the nature of the cognitive strategies (facilitating and interfering) generated by students, during the fulfiment of the task. The results proved the existence of important differences only among students who had a high and low worry, not appearing any significance for the emotionality. On the other hand, important differences appeared in the nature of the cognitive responses, as wel1 as, pattems of differential responses for the high and low subjets, generating, the high ones lnore interfering thoughts than the low ones. Finally, it was confirmed that the worry, in contrast with the emotionality, is a generator of higher number of interfering strategies

Mapping metabolic brain activity in three models of hepatic encephalopathy

Cirrhosis is a common disease in Western countries. Liver failure, hyperammonemia, and portal hypertension are the main factors that contribute to human cirrhosis that frequently leads to a neuropsychiatric disorder known as hepatic encephalopathy (HE). In this study, we examined the differential contribution of these leading factors to the oxidative metabolism of diverse brain limbic system regions frequently involved in memory process by histochemical labelling of cytochrome oxidase (COx). We have analyzed cortical structures such as the infralimbic and prelimbic cotices, subcortical structures such as hippocampus and ventral striatum, at thalamic level like the anterodorsal, anteroventral, and mediodorsal thalamus, and, finally, the hypothalamus, where the mammillary nuclei (medial and lateral) were measured. The severest alteration is found in the model that mimics intoxication by ammonia, followed by the thioacetamide-treated group and the portal hypertension group. No changes were found at the mammillary bodies for any of the experimental groups

Relationship Between Academic Procrastination, Well-Being, and Grades: the Mediational Role of Self-Regulation and Bad Habits

Psychological research, nowadays, on the areas of student´s health and well-being has shown interesting results where the central constructs are self-regulation and procrastination. Self-regulation behavior is a meta-skill that includes cognitive, affective, and motivational aspects of the individuals. Procrastination can be defined as a meta-skill (a self-regulatory failure) that implies active de-regulatory conduct. The evidence points out that self-regulation contributes to the prediction of well-being, health, and academic procrastination. This study aims to establish procrastination´s direct and indirect effects on students´ well-being and academic performance, being self-regulation and bad habits the mediators. A total of 710 college students from 16 to 53 years of age took part (Average of 20.8 and SD 4.3), 224 (31.5%) were men and 486 (68.5%) women. Two mediational analyses were carried out. Results indicate the significance of the proposed model as procrastination does not directly affect the student´s psychological well-being or academic performance. The conclusions point out that procrastination indirectly affects students´ well-being, academic performance, and bad habits, being self-regulation a mediating variable. The possible theoretical, methodological, and psychoeducational intervention implications are discussed