Conhecimento dos leigos acerca da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar em pacientes adultos no Brasil / Knowledge of laity about cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults in Brazil

Parada Cardiorrespiratória é a interrupção súbita e inesperada das funções vitais. Para corrigir, é realizado a Ressuscitação Cardiopulmonar (RCP). Destaca-se a importância de os leigos realizarem essa RCP, na modalidade de Suporte Básico de Vida (SBV). Objetivou-se identificar o conhecimento dos leigos acerca da ressuscitação cardiopulmonar em pacientes adultos no Brasil. Pesquisa bibliográfica, realizada em agosto e setembro de 2018. Foram feitos cruzamentos com descritores, a saber: “Ressuscitação Cardiopulmonar”; “Conhecimento” e “Educação em Saúde” nas bases de dados LILACS, BDENF e Google Scholar. Foram selecionados nove artigos. Identificou-se como resultados que os leigos não apresentam um conhecimento prévio, poucos fizeram treinamentos/cursos, mas sabem da importância em tê-los. Em todos os itens/quesitos de avaliação do conhecimento, observou um aumento significativo após capacitações teórico-práticas. Faz-se necessário uma formação ampla e contínua dos leigos para possibilitar noção de práticas de SBV. Uma população bem capacitada contribuirá para a redução da morbimortalidade por PCR em adultos no Brasil.     

In vitro initial immune response against Leishmania amazonensis infection is characterized by an increased production of IL-10 and IL-13

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2014-03-12T19:12:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Coelho Z C B In vitro initial....pdf: 1046227 bytes, checksum: 0777355c1e9995b41efa9df842cd23c8 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-03-12T19:12:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Coelho Z C B In vitro initial....pdf: 1046227 bytes, checksum: 0777355c1e9995b41efa9df842cd23c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010Universidade Federal do Ceará. Medical School. Fortaleza, CE, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Ceará. Medical School. Fortaleza, CE, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Ceará. Medical School. Fortaleza, CE, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Ceará. Medical School. Fortaleza, CE, BrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Medical School of Ribeirão Preto. São Paulo, SP, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal do Ceará. Medical School. Fortaleza, CE, BrasilThe initial encounter of Leishmania with its host's immune system is important in the outcome of infection. Previous studies have shown that PBMCs from healthy volunteers (HV) exposed to Leishmania differ in IFN-γ production. We have expanded such observations evaluating the profile and kinetics of cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-12p70, IL-10, IL-13), chemokines (CCL5, CCL3, CCL4, CXCL10), and chemokine receptors (CCR1,CCR5, CXCR3, CCR4) in vitro L. amazonensis-stimulated of HV's PBMCs. HVs were divided in groups of high (HR) or low (LR) IFN-γ responders. In both groups, HR and LR, after L. amazonensis infection there was a predominance of IL-10 and IL-13 over IFN-γ production, while IL-12 was produced in similar amount. Regarding chemokines, a more striking difference was observed for CCL3 expression that was lower at 12 hours and 48 hours post infection in LR than in HR. Interestingly, a downregulation of CCR5 and a greater expression of CCR4 were found in low IFN-γ responders. These data suggest that early after L. amazonensis infection there is a cytokine milieu dominated by IL-13 and IL-10, and despite of this environment, IFN-γ is produced, supporting the complexity of the response. It is noteworthy that the pattern of immune response is mounted in first hours after Leishmania stimulation, with the definition of the differentiation of Th1 versus Th2 cells. It remains to be determined if such an in vitro difference has an in vivo counterpart in terms of susceptibility to infection

A Lectin from Dioclea violacea

Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease transmitted by phlebotomine sand fly. Susceptibility and refractoriness to Leishmania depend on the outcome of multiple interactions that take place within the sand fly gut. Promastigote attachment to sand fly midgut epithelium is essential to avoid being excreted together with the digested blood meal. Promastigote and gut sand fly surface glycans are important ligands in this attachment. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the interaction of three lectins isolated from leguminous seeds (Diocleinae subtribe), D-glucose and D-mannose-binding, with glycans on Lutzomyia migonei midgut. To study this interaction the lectins were labeled with FITC and a fluorescence assay was performed. The results showed that only Dioclea violacea lectin (DVL) was able to interact with midgut glycans, unlike Cratylia floribunda lectin (CFL) and Canavalia gladiata lectin (CGL). Furthermore, when DVL was blocked with D-mannose the interaction was inhibited. Differences of spatial arrangement of residues and volume of carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) may be the cause of the fine specificity of DVL for glycans in the surface on Lu. migonei midgut. The findings in this study showed the presence of glycans in the midgut with glucose/mannose residues in its composition and these residues may be important in interaction between Lu. migonei midgut and Leishmania