24 research outputs found
Institutional Hybridity and Cultural Isomorphism in Contemporary Policing
Recent work on policing has increasingly acknowledged the influence of a broad array of changes upon both the structure and culture of police organizations. Generally, however, literature and research have tended to focus attention onto those elements of the broader police environment that effect such developments, whereas little commentary, to date, has been directed towards those features which impact across the broader public sector. Through drawing on the concepts of âhybrid professionalismâ [Noordegraaf M (2015) Hybrid professionalism and beyond: (new) forms of public professionalism in changing organizational and societal contexts. Journal of Professions and Organization 2: 187â206] and âinstitutional isomorphismâ [DiMaggio PJ and Powell WW (1983) The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review 48: 147â160], this conceptual paper will argue that the impact of neoliberal ideology on the contemporary public sector has created a police organization for which professionalism increasingly denotes generic management skills that are common across different occupations and different police roles. In particular, it will be suggested that such institutional isomorphism may drive ideational responses commensurate with cultural change within police organizations. In short, therefore, the paper will make the case that, in parallel with changes already identified by other academics, broader structural changes may lead to a narrower and more generic set of cultural responses within contemporary police organizations
Hard and soft materials : putting consistent van der Waals density functionals to work
We present the idea and illustrate potential benefits of having a tool chain of closely related regular, unscreened and screened hybrid exchangeâcorrelation (XC) functionals, all within the consistent formulation of the van der Waals density functional (vdW-DF) method (Hyldgaard et al (2020 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 32 393001)). Use of this chain of nonempirical XC functionals allows us to map when the inclusion of truly nonlocal exchange and of truly nonlocal correlation is important. Here we begin the mapping by addressing hard and soft material challenges: magnetic elements, perovskites, and biomolecular problems. We also predict the structure and polarization for a ferroelectric polymer. To facilitate this work and future broader explorations, we present a stress formulation for spin vdW-DF and illustrate the use of a simple stability-modeling scheme. The modeling supplements density functional theory (DFT) (with a specific XC functional) by asserting whether the finding of a soft mode (an imaginary-frequency vibrational mode, ubiquitous in perovskites and soft matter) implies an actual DFT-based prediction of a low-temperature transformation
New public management and practitioner autonomy in childrenâs services in Norway and Wales: views from the frontline
The Influence of CSR and Fair Trade Communications on Attitude, Customer Behavior, and Retailer Perception
Organising Corporate Responsibility Communication Through Filtration: A Study of Web Communication Patterns in Swedish Retail
communication, consistency, CR, CSR, filtration, Internet, retail, Sweden, transparency,
Reconciling CSR with the Role of the Corporation in Welfare States: The Problematic Swedish Example
corporate social responsibility (CSR), national context, Swedish model, welfare state,
Teacher autonomy and teacher agency: a comparative study in Brazilian and Norwegian lower secondary education
Teacher autonomy and teacher agency are positively related to teachersâ motivation and engagement in teaching. This paper combines the concepts of teacher autonomy and teacher agency to study how Brazilian and Norwegian lower secondary teachers respond to an accountability system marked by a centralised outcomes-based curriculum and testing. Teacher autonomy concerns the relations between teachersâ scope of action and the stateâs role in providing resources and regulations that extend or constrain this scope of action. Teacher agency refers to teachersâ professional action based on their perceptions and experiences of their scope of action as they navigate accountability to respond to educational dilemmas at hand. The findings show that teachers navigate policies in a variety of forms to fit their needs and beliefs and those of their students. Brazilian teachers have a constrained scope of action and possibilities for achieving agency in comparison with their Norwegian counterparts. Norwegian teachers also have their individual autonomy constrained by extended state control over the curriculum and testing. However, the practice of collective work opens up for the exercise of agency because of the possibility of reflection and collective construction of teaching plans and strategies that frame and legitimise teaching wor