Adenine and guanine recognition of stop codon is mediated by different N domain conformations of translation termination factor eRF1

Positioning of release factor eRF1 toward adenines and the ribose-phosphate backbone of the UAAA stop signal in the ribosomal decoding site was studied using messenger RNA (mRNA) analogs containing stop signal UAA/UAAA and a photoactivatable cross-linker at definite locations. The human eRF1 peptides cross-linked to these analogs were identified. Cross-linkers on the adenines at the 2nd, 3rd or 4th position modified eRF1 near the conserved YxCxxxF loop (positions 125–131 in the N domain), but cross-linker at the 4th position mainly modified the tripeptide 26-AAR-28. This tripeptide cross-linked also with derivatized 3′-phosphate of UAA, while the same cross-linker at the 3′-phosphate of UAAA modified both the 26–28 and 67–73 fragments. A comparison of the results with those obtained earlier with mRNA analogs bearing a similar cross-linker at the guanines indicates that positioning of eRF1 toward adenines and guanines of stop signals in the 80S termination complex is different. Molecular modeling of eRF1 in the 80S termination complex showed that eRF1 fragments neighboring guanines and adenines of stop signals are compatible with different N domain conformations of eRF1. These conformations vary by positioning of stop signal purines toward the universally conserved dipeptide 31-GT-32, which neighbors guanines but is oriented more distantly from adenines

Organizational and economic transformations towards the greening of agro-industrial production

The increase in the production of agricultural products and food supplies in excess of regulatory needs and the provision of food safety in Russia led to the expansion of the export of agricultural products and the change in the course of the development of the agro-industrial complex from import substitution to export-oriented production. However, the entry to world food markets requires high quality of products from manufacturers and its certification in accordance with world standards. The article presents the organizational and economic transformations towards the greening of agro-industrial production, namely, the use of the resource potential, the involvement of Russian manufacturers in the production of environmentally friendly products and the development of organic agriculture; the mechanisms for solving the set problems are substantiated.peer-reviewe

To the development of intelligent adaptive learning systems

The article describes the prospects for creating an informational adaptive automated learning system (based on the English Language) using advanced artificial intelligence technologies. In particular, the work shows that the quality of education largely depends on the form of educational content and the parameters of the learning object (a student) associated with its perception of informatio

ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ РЕНТГЕНОВСКОЙ МАММОГРАФИИ "МАЛЫХ" ФОРМ РАКА МОЛОЧНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ НА ФОНЕ ФИБРОЗНО-КИСТОЗНОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ

The analysis of radiologic signs of small size breast cancer in patients with fibrocystic disease has been carried out.The conventional approach to the analysis of mammograms of these patients based on the detection of primary, secondary and indirect cancer symptoms has been found to have insufficient effect.The relationship between mammographic findings and primary tumor size, character and concomitant disease intensity has been proved.The data obtained allow us to arrange the diagnostic process and management of patients with breast lesions.Проведен подробный анализ рентгенологических признаков «малого» рака молочной железы на фоне фиброзно-кистозной болезни у 100 больных.На основании выполненных исследований отмечено, что стандартный подход к анализу маммограмм данной категории женщин, основанный на выявлении первичных, вторичных и косвенных симптомов рака, обладает недостаточной эффективностью.Представлены доказательства связи маммографических проявлений рака с величиной опухолевого узла, характером и степенью выраженности сопутствующей патологии.Полученные данные позволяют систематизировать диагностический процесс, тактику динамического наблюдения и ведения пациентов с новообразованиями молочных желез

The Total Synthesis of Convolutamydine a in the Conditions of the Catalysis by β-Aminoalcohols of Pinane and Carane Structure

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation of Basic Research (grant № 15-03-09352 A)

Extracts of Feijoa Inhibit Toll-Like Receptor 2 Signaling and Activate Autophagy Implicating a Role in Dietary Control of IBD

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory disease affecting the gut with limited treatment success for its sufferers. This suggests the need for better understanding of the different subtypes of the disease as well as nutritional interventions to compliment current treatments. In this study we assess the ability of a hydrophilic feijoa fraction (F3) to modulate autophagy a process known to regulate inflammation, via TLR2 using IBD cell lines

THE PROJECT PLOT (PALEOLIMNOLOGICAL TRANSECT) - OVERVIEW AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS ON THE PREGLACIAL TO POSTGLACIAL HISTORY OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC

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The integrated exploration of Raifa lake sediments and dendrochronological analysis of Raifa forestry pines

© 2006-2017 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved.The article presents some results of comprehensive research on the properties of Raifa lake bottom sediments and dendrochronological study of Raifa forestry pines (Russia). A preliminary seismic acoustic investigations have been carried out, which allowed to select the sampling site (E 48 ° 43'40.6" N 55 ° 54'21.7"). The length of core sample was 32 cm. Laboratory studies of the core, including the study of the elemental composition, magneto-mineralogical and carcinologic analysis revealed the features of sedimentation mass formation

Trust in distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evaluation of the quality of education of students and teachers of Russian universities

Introduction. The widespread transition of higher education institutions to distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to a decrease in education quality ratings. These trends, against the background of forecasts of an increase in the share of “distance learning” in the educational process, may initiate an increase in social tension, as well as a decrease in the level of trust in the activities of authorities that do not fully ensure the maintenance of the quality of education in the new conditions. Aim. The aim of the article was to assess the quality of education in the context of distance learning, to analyse the consequences of the transformation of the practices of interaction between a teacher and a student. Methodology and research methods. An all-Russian comprehensive sociological study was conducted using the following methods: questionnaires and focus groups. The first wave of the study was a survey of students of higher educational institutions of economic orientation from 14 regions of the Russian Federation (the sample population was 6,500 students). During the second wave, the following projects were implemented: 1) a survey of students of economic universities from 17 regions of the Russian Federation (sample population = 7600); 2) a survey of teachers of the Financial University (sample population = 520); 3) focus groups with students. Results and scientific novelty. The results obtained allow the authors to draw the following conclusions: the remote format of classes during the quarantine restrictions did not cause a sharp drop in the quality of education. Meanwhile, students’ preferences demonstrate a commitment to the traditional form of education. The factors that shape the readiness of students for distance education (course of study, budget/contract form, direction of training) are identified. The main problem is related to the lack of face-to-face communication, which is interpreted by the authors not so much as an objective limitation of the remote format of work, but as a subjective unavailability, low adaptation of pedagogical and communicative practices to remote online interaction. The study showed the strengthening of the role of informal network interactions that ensure the filling of the information vacuum in conditions of uncertainty, the formation of trust. Practical significance. The research results and conclusions can be used for further theoretical and practical developments in this area, and can also become the basis for the preparation of methodological recommendations to reduce the negative consequences of the introduction of distance learning and improve the quality of education in the new environment.Введение. Повсеместный переход высших учебных заведений на дистанционное обучение в период пандемии способствовал снижению оценок качества образования. Данные тенденции на фоне прогнозов увеличения доли «дистанта» в образовательном процессе могут инициировать рост социальной напряженности, а также снижение уровня доверия к деятельности органов власти, которые не в полной мере обеспечивают поддержание качества образования в новых условиях. Цель статьи заключалась в оценке качества образования в условиях дистанционного обучения, анализе последствий трансформации практик взаимодействия педагога и студента. Методология и методы. Проведено всероссийское комплексное социологическое исследование с применением следующих методов: анкетирование и фокус-группы. Первая волна исследования представляла собой опрос студентов высших учебных заведений экономической направленности из 14 регионов Российской Федерации (выборочная совокупность составила 6 500 обучающихся). В период второй волны были реализованы: 1) опрос студентов вузов экономической направленности из 17 регионов Российской Федерации (выборочная совокупность = 7 600); 2) опрос преподавателей Финансового университета (выборочная совокупность = 520); 3) фокус-группы со студентами. Результаты и научная новизна. Полученные результаты позволяют сделать следующие выводы: дистанционный формат проведения занятий в период карантинных ограничений не вызвал резкого падения оценок качества образования. Но при этом студенты демонстрируют приверженность к традиционной форме обучения. Выявлены факторы, формирующие удовлетворенность студентов дистанционным обучением (курс обучения, бюджетная/контрактная форма, направление подготовки). Основная проблема связана с недостатком очного общения, что интерпретируется авторами не столько как объективное ограничение дистанционного формата работы, сколько как субъективная неготовность, низкая адаптация педагогических и коммуникативных практик к удаленному онлайн взаимодействию. Исследование показало усиление роли неформальных сетевых взаимодействий, обеспечивающих заполнение информационного вакуума в условиях неопределенности, формирование доверияПрактическая значимость. Полученные результаты и сделанные на их основе выводы могут быть использованы для дальнейших теоретических и практических разработок в данной сфере, а также могут стать основой для подготовки методических рекомендаций по снижению негативных последствий внедрения дистанционного обучения и повышению качества образования в новых условиях.The current research was carried out based on the results of studies carried out at the expense of budgetary funds under the state assignment of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.Исследование выполнено по результатам исследований, выполненных за счет бюджетных средств по государственному заданию Финансового университета при Правительстве РФ

Efficiency of radiotherapy during local hyperthermia in the treatment of laryngeal and laryngopharyngeal cancer

Cancer of the larynx and laryngopharynx, which is accessible to visual and instrumental examination, remains the most relevant and complicated problem among head and neck malignances as before. Investigations show that the incidence of cancer at these sites in Russia in the last decade has risen from 4.5 to 9.67 %. This is a severe and poor prognostic form of cancer, which is characterized by its nonspecific early clinical manifestations, complex anatomic and topographic structure, and a high rate of regional metastases. The mainstay of treatment for head and neck cancer involves 3 components: surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy (RT), which are performed alone or in combination. The most commonly used technique is combined, frequently crippling due to organ-removing operations. The clinical introduction of current radio modifiers, local and deep hyperthermia systems, is a promising approach to improving the results of treatment, to enhancing the radiation damage of RT, and to achieving the tumor regression sufficient for surgical intervention without augmenting the early and late toxicity inherent in chemoradiation treatment. The results of the performed study of 35 patients with T2–3N0–2M0 laryngeal and laryngopharyngeal cancer proved the high efficiency of local hyperthermia in treating malignancies in this region during both preoperative (grades III– IV therapeutic pathomorphism) and radical beam RT