Letter Of The European Farmers To Turkish Parliament

Letter of The European Farmers to Turkish Parliament (Tr/En/Fr

WATER SECURITY: A SUMMARY OF KEY FINDINGS EXPLORING ISLANDS IN BRAZIL

This paper presents key findings from an ‘immersion’ that was undertaken in August 2017 on Paquetá and surrounding islands within the Amazon region of Brazil. In this research, immersion is understood as active participation in peoples’ lives over a period of time and supported by other methods including observation, semi-structured interviews and co-mapping. This research adapted the urban metabolism concept commonly used to assess levels of sustainability and resilience, for application to the context of peripheral river islands located in the Tocantins river near the Brazilian city of Belém. It specifically focuses on factors that impact on people’s behaviour in relation to water management, or what is described here as the ‘island water metabolism’. This includes geographic, seasonal, local governance and social dimensions as well as dependence on the rising and falling tides of the river

Where the Green Grants Went: Patterns of UK Funding for Environmental and Conservation Work

Provides results of an annual analysis grants for environmental programs from trusts and foundations based in the United Kingdom. Includes a geographic comparison of environmental giving in the UK and abroad

Promoting a low cost energy future in Africa

With a large part of the population not having access to modern energy services in their daily life, energy poverty remains one of the most pressing development challenges on the African continent. Africa’s fossil fuel resources as well as its renewable energy potential can serve as the means to achieve this. For Africa’s social and economic development in the 21st century, however, the benchmark for these sources is to deliver energy that is affordable, reliable and sustainable. The following study offers a comparison between the two energy sources according to economic, social and environmental indicators. As the analysis shows, renewable energy technologies increasingly become the preferred option for Africa’s energy challenge. The study then concludes with a description of policies for African countries to realize the up-scaling of these technologies.Key words: Renewable energy, green growth, energy transition

Evaluation of logging impacts on tropical rainforest in Eastern Cameroon using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques

Various strategies and techniques have been designed and implemented to study the effects of logging activities on tropical rainforest amongst which remote sensing and GIS analysis. But there are still few measures available on the effects of industrial timber on forest ecosystem. This paper examined the impact of logging activities on tropical rainforest in Eastern Cameroon with the objectives of demonstrating the process whereby tropical rainforest got transformed into forest fragmentation and canopy damage. The study made use of data generated from Landsat TM (1986) and Landsat ETM + (2000). The satellites images covering the area were analysed using the Maximum Likelihood algorithm. The observed changes were mapped and the results of the classification were prepared as different theme in a GIS software. The classification results reveal a canopy damage of 10.8%, the construction of 109.224 km of road and the fragmentation of forest into 18 parts.Keywords: Forest Management Unit (FMU), Remote sensing, GIS, logging impact, logging road, forest fragmentation

European Science and Technology Network on Unconventional Hydrocarbon Extraction: Annual Report 2015

The present report firstly summarizes the background for creating the "European Science and Technology Network on Unconventional Hydrocarbon Extraction", based on a Communication from the European Commission to the Council and the Parliament. It further describes the organisation and functioning of the Network as well as the status of the foreseen deliverables of the Working Groups realized in 2015.JRC.F.3-Energy Security, Systems and Marke

Sustainability indicators: A compass on the road towards sustainability

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Transport infrastructure evaluation using cost-benefit analysis: improvements to valuing the asset through residual value—a case study

Residual value (RV) is an important component of Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA), often valued at 20% to 50% of total construction costs. It is often overlooked which can artificially depress the project?s returns. The treatment of RV is inadequate and needs further research. Residual value represents the value of the infrastructure at the end of its project lifetime and the value that the asset generates from then on. We analyze three methods for calculating RV: straight-line depreciation, annuity/perpetuity and component. The straight-line depreciation method is the most commonly used; it is simple and quick to produce and it typically uses a percent of the total construction cost rather than real value. The perpetuity/annuity method ignores the actual value of the asset. It reflects the difference of costs and benefits between economic and useful life (annuity method) or assumes an infinite economic life (perpetuity method). The component method is the most detailed and difficult to calculate method. It gives the actual value of the physical asset at the end of project appraisal by infrastructure component. We assume three scenarios for the future for the component method. We use the case study of the Portuguese High Speed Rail project to calculate and compare each method. As expected, the perpetuity has the highest RV and net present value (NPV), followed by the annuity method and then the component method. The straight-line method produces the lowest values (other than one scenario for the component method). Sensitivity analysis is performed ceteris paribus for the demand, construction cost and discount rate factors. We conclude that RV is important in situations when the benefit-cost ratio is close to 1 and the method selected can have a large impact on the size (and sign) of the NPV