UAV data management handbook

This document gives relevant information related to the management of remotely piloted or uncrewed airborne vehicles (commonly referenced as UAV in this document) data collected as part of NERC funded research. From project planning to data publication, this document will guide you through the different steps for the publication of Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR, Wilkinson, 2016) UAV data

Towards a data commons: Imagery and derived data from autonomous and remotely piloted aerial vehicles

Scienists are increasingly using autonomous and remotely piloted aerial vehicles (commonly referenced here as UAVs) to collect large volume of data in a range of different scienific domains. These data are key to providing environmental information, such as terrestrial or marine monitoring including species detecison or collecing atmospheric information. However, the volume of data collected, and the lack of standard workflows make their sharing difficult. The aim of this project is to enable improvement of collection and management of data derived from UAVs by establishing best practices and metadata recommendations through a data commons approach within NERC Environmental Data Service (EDS). Following a data commons approach, the project first defines who the main users and stakeholders are, here referenced as the UAV community and identifies their needs, challenges and vision. Then, we review existing UAV data management practices and recommend a new data workflow to promote Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Re-usable (FAIR, Wilkinson, 2016) data collection and management of UAV data. Finally, we propose a list of topics that needs to be further investigated to achieve the UAV community vision in the future. We hope that the promotion of these recommendations will improve the reuse of data from UAVs and foster collaborations for new research studies using these platforms and the proposed data commons approach will help create new synergies within the EDS

The International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean Version 4.0

Funder: The Nippon Foundation of Japan, grant Seabed 2030Funder: Open access funding provided by Stockholm UniversityAbstract: Bathymetry (seafloor depth), is a critical parameter providing the geospatial context for a multitude of marine scientific studies. Since 1997, the International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) has been the authoritative source of bathymetry for the Arctic Ocean. IBCAO has merged its efforts with the Nippon Foundation-GEBCO-Seabed 2030 Project, with the goal of mapping all of the oceans by 2030. Here we present the latest version (IBCAO Ver. 4.0), with more than twice the resolution (200 × 200 m versus 500 × 500 m) and with individual depth soundings constraining three times more area of the Arctic Ocean (∼19.8% versus 6.7%), than the previous IBCAO Ver. 3.0 released in 2012. Modern multibeam bathymetry comprises ∼14.3% in Ver. 4.0 compared to ∼5.4% in Ver. 3.0. Thus, the new IBCAO Ver. 4.0 has substantially more seafloor morphological information that offers new insights into a range of submarine features and processes; for example, the improved portrayal of Greenland fjords better serves predictive modelling of the fate of the Greenland Ice Sheet

The International Bathymetric Chart of the Southern Ocean Version 2 (IBCSO v2)

The Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica is a region that is key to a range of climatic and oceanographic processes with worldwide effects, and is characterised by high biological productivity and biodiversity. Since 2013, the International Bathymetric Chart of the Southern Ocean (IBCSO) has represented the most comprehensive compilation of bathymetry for the Southern Ocean south of 60°S. Recently, the IBCSO Project has combined its efforts with the Nippon Foundation – GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project supporting the goal of mapping the world’s oceans by 2030. New datasets initiated a second version of IBCSO (IBCSO v2). This version extends to 50°S (covering approximately 2.4 times the area of seafloor of the previous version) including the gateways of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the Antarctic circumpolar frontal systems. Due to increased (multibeam) data coverage, IBCSO v2 significantly improves the overall representation of the Southern Ocean seafloor and resolves many submarine landforms in more detail. This makes IBCSO v2 the most authoritative seafloor map of the area south of 50°S

The CDGP Repository for Geothermal Data

International audienceThe Data Center for Deep Geothermal Energy (CDGP, Centre de Données de Géothermie Profonde, https://cdgp.u-strasbg.fr) was launched in 2016 by the LabEx G-EAU-THERMIE PROFONDE (http://labex-geothermie.unistra.fr) to preserve, archive and distribute data acquired on geothermal sites in Alsace. Since the beginning of the project, specific procedures are followed to respect international requirements for data management. In particular, FAIR recommendations are used to distribute Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable data.Data currently available on the CDGP mainly consist of seismological and hydraulic data acquired at the Soultz-sous-Forêts geothermal plant pilot project. Data on the website are gathered in episodes. Episodes 1994, 1995, 1996, and 2010 from Soultz-sous-Forêts have been recently added to the episodes already available on the CDGP (1988, 1991, 1993, 2000, 2003, 2004 and 2005). All data are described with metadata and interoperability is promoted with use of open or community-shared data formats: SEED, csv, pdf, etc. Episodes have DOIs.To secure Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) set by data providers that partly come from Industry, an Authentication, Authorization and Accounting Infrastructure (AAAI) grants data access depending to distribution rules and user's affiliation (i.e. academic, industrial, etc).The CDGP is also a local node for the European Plate Observing System (EPOS) Anthropogenic Hazards platform (https://tcs.ah-epos.eu). The platform provides an environment and facilities (data, services, software) for research onto anthropogenic hazards, especially related to the exploration and exploitation of geo-resources. Some episodes from Soultz-sous-Forêts are already available and the missing-ones will be soon on the platform.The next step for the CDGP is first to complete data from Soultz-sous-Forêts. Some data are still missing and must be recovered from the industrial partners. Then, data from the other geothermal sites in Alsace (Rittershoffen, Illkirch, Vendenheim) need to be collected in order to be distributed. Finally, with other French data centers, we are on track to apply the CoreTrustSeal certification (ANR Cedre).The preservation of data can be very challenging and time-consuming. We had to deal with obsolete tapes and formats, even incomplete data. Old data are frequently not well documented and the identification of owner is sometimes difficult. However, the hard work to retrieve, collect old geothermal data and make them FAIR is necessary for new analysis and the valorization of these patrimonial data. The re-use of data (e.g. Cauchie et al, 2020) demonstrates the importance of the CDGP

Studying induced seismicity within the EPOS Thematic Core Service on Anthropogenic Hazards (TCS-AH)

The EPOS TCS-AH brings together a broad community interested in Anthropogenic Hazards (AH) related to induced seismicity. It is designed as a functional e-research infrastructure that provides access to a large set of relevant data and allows free experimentations in a virtual laboratory, promoting interdisciplinary collaborations between stakeholders (the scientific community, industrial partners and society). The platform provides datasets as Episodes, which comprehensively describe AH cases for infrastructures, people and/or environment. They are grouped in several categories of subsurface exploitations: CO2 sequestration, conventional hydrocarbon extraction, geothermal energy production, reservoir impoundment, unconventional hydrocarbon extraction, underground gas storage, underground mining, and wastewater injection. They gather datasets relevant for the considered hazards (e.g. seismic, air/water quality), industrial data (e.g. well path, injection rates, mining front advance, gas production, water level), and other geodata (e.g. geological section, velocity model, faults, shear wave velocity, bathymetric map). Two local data centers (eNodes: IG-PAS/Poland and CDGP-EOST/France) provide metadata and data to the TCS-AH platform in commonly used standards and formats (e.g. miniSEED, GeoTIFF, and .mat). A registration/authorization is mandatory to access some data covered by restriction imposed by data industry providers or shared data embargoed by running projects. The platform grants access to an application portfolio, designed for the AH area, and addressing: (1) basic services for data integration and handling; (2) services for physical models of stress/strain changes over time and space as driven by geo-resource production; (3) services for analyses of geophysical signals; (4) services to extract the relation between technological operations and observed induced seismic/deformation; (5) services to quantitative probabilistic assessments of anthropogenic seismic hazard - statistical properties of anthropogenic seismic series and their dependence on time-varying anthropogenesis; ground motion prediction equations; stationary and time-dependent probabilistic seismic hazard estimates, related to time-changeable technological factors inducing the seismic process; (6) simulator for multi-hazard/multi-risk assessment in exploration/exploitation of georesources (MERGER) - numerical estimate of the occurrence probability of chains of events or processes impacting the environment

The International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean Version 4.0.

Bathymetry (seafloor depth), is a critical parameter providing the geospatial context for a multitude of marine scientific studies. Since 1997, the International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) has been the authoritative source of bathymetry for the Arctic Ocean. IBCAO has merged its efforts with the Nippon Foundation-GEBCO-Seabed 2030 Project, with the goal of mapping all of the oceans by 2030. Here we present the latest version (IBCAO Ver. 4.0), with more than twice the resolution (200 × 200 m versus 500 × 500 m) and with individual depth soundings constraining three times more area of the Arctic Ocean (∼19.8% versus 6.7%), than the previous IBCAO Ver. 3.0 released in 2012. Modern multibeam bathymetry comprises ∼14.3% in Ver. 4.0 compared to ∼5.4% in Ver. 3.0. Thus, the new IBCAO Ver. 4.0 has substantially more seafloor morphological information that offers new insights into a range of submarine features and processes; for example, the improved portrayal of Greenland fjords better serves predictive modelling of the fate of the Greenland Ice Sheet

The International Bathymetric Chart of the Southern Ocean Version 2.

The Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica is a region that is key to a range of climatic and oceanographic processes with worldwide effects, and is characterised by high biological productivity and biodiversity. Since 2013, the International Bathymetric Chart of the Southern Ocean (IBCSO) has represented the most comprehensive compilation of bathymetry for the Southern Ocean south of 60°S. Recently, the IBCSO Project has combined its efforts with the Nippon Foundation - GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project supporting the goal of mapping the world's oceans by 2030. New datasets initiated a second version of IBCSO (IBCSO v2). This version extends to 50°S (covering approximately 2.4 times the area of seafloor of the previous version) including the gateways of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and the Antarctic circumpolar frontal systems. Due to increased (multibeam) data coverage, IBCSO v2 significantly improves the overall representation of the Southern Ocean seafloor and resolves many submarine landforms in more detail. This makes IBCSO v2 the most authoritative seafloor map of the area south of 50°S

The International Bathymetric Chart of the Southern Ocean Version 2 (IBCSO v2)

The International Bathymetric Chart of the Southern Ocean Version 2 (IBCSO v2) is a digital bathymetric model (DBM) for the area south of 50° S with special emphasis on the bathymetry of the Southern Ocean. IBCSO v2 has a resolution of 500 m × 500 m in a Polar Stereographic projection (EPSG: 9354). The total data coverage of the seafloor is 23.79% with a multibeam-only data coverage of 22.32%. The remaining 1.47% include singlebeam and other data. IBCSO v2 is the most authoritative seafloor map of the area south of 50°S. IBCSO is a regional mapping project of the General Bathymetric Chart of the Ocean (GEBCO) supported by the Nippon Foundation – GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project. GEBCO is a project under the auspices of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) with the goal to produce the authoritative map of the world's oceans. The IBCSO Project is also an integral part of the Antarctic research community and an expert group of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). For further information about the IBCSO Project, please visit http://www.ibcso.org

BEDMAP2 - Ice thickness, bed and surface elevation for Antarctica - standardised shapefiles and geopackages

We present here the Bedmap2 ice thickness, bed and surface elevation aggregated points and survey lines. The aggregated points consist of statistically-summarised shapefile points (centred on a continent-wide 500 m x 500 m grid) that reports the average values of ice thickness, bed and surface elevation from the full-resolution survey data and information on their distribution. The points presented here correspond to the additional points to Bedmap1 used for the gridding of Bedmap2. The data comes from 14 different data providers and 75 individual surveys. They are available as geopackages and shapefiles. The associated datasets consist of: - Bedmap1 statistically-summarised data points (shapefiles): https://doi.org/10.5285/925ac4ec-2a9d-461a-bfaa-6314eb0888c8 - Bedmap3 statistically-summarised data points (shapefiles): https://doi.org/10.5285/a72a50c6-a829-4e12-9f9a-5a683a1acc4a - Bedmap2 standardised CSV data points: https://doi.org/10.5285/2fd95199-365e-4da1-ae26-3b6d48b3e6ac - Bedmap2 gridding products: https://doi.org/10.5285/fa5d606c-dc95-47ee-9016-7a82e446f2f2 This work is supported by the SCAR Bedmap project and the British Antarctic Survey's core programme: National Capability - Polar Expertise Supporting UK Researc