There Is a Clinical Need to Consider the Physical Activity: Sedentary Pattern in Children with Obesity – Position Paper of the European Childhood Obesity Group

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Introduction:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; While international prevention guidelines recently advocated, in addition to moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) guidelines, for a minimization of sedentary (SED) time, recommendations remain to be developed for youths with obesity. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; A literature search was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, plus the reference lists of selected articles for relevant publications in English, including original papers, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, with search terms “sedentary behaviors” or “sedentary time” or “screen time” AND “children” or “adolescents” AND “obesity” or “adiposity” or “cardiometabolic risk” or “cardiometabolic disease.” The results were summarized as a narrative review and presented to the scientific board of the European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG), who then discussed their implication in clinical practice and proposed the position outlined in this paper. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; SED and screen times are associated with adiposity and cardiometabolic risks, independently of youths’ physical activity (PA) level. Besides considering MVPA and SED times as separate variables, comprehensive studies have questioned the impact of different patterns of MVPA and SED levels. Although lower body adiposity and better cardiometabolic health are achieved among those with desirable movement behavior patterns (i.e., more MVPA/less SED or active/not SED), youths with intermediate patterns (i.e., high MVPA/high SED and low MVPA/low SED, or active/SED and inactive/not SED) have been found to be associated with intermediate risks. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; There is a need to decrease SED behaviors irrespective of MVPA and to consider PA-SED patterns in youth with obesity. The ECOG encourages anti-obesity strategies targeting both PA and SED behaviors to support the shift from long periods of SED time, especially screen time, to daily routines incorporating bouts of PA. Stepwise or sequential approaches to movement behavior counseling might start with targeting SED at first to decrease cardiometabolic risks when implementing MVPA is not yet possible. </jats:p

Adherence to Treatment Recommendations in Chronic Disease: What is (im)Possible? Expert conclusions from the 30th ECOG workshop 2021 Abstracts

Obesity is a chronic disease, in which treatment outcomes are highly dependent on patient and family adherence to behavioural recommendations. The role of healthy eating, physical activity, medication adherence as well as adherence to pre- and post-bariatric surgery protocols are of utmost importance for long-term treatment outcomes. Even the best interventions are not likely to reach their maximum benefit without significant levels of adherence on the part of the individual and family. Traditionally, the annual meeting of the European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG) includes an expert workshop addressing one specific topic within the field of childhood obesity. During the 30th annual meeting, hosted by the University of Pécs, Hungary, as a virtual meeting, "adherence to treatment recommendations in obesity as a chronic disease" was addressed. The discussions that developed during the workshop are summarized in the following article

EVOLUTION DES APTITUDES PHYSIQUES CHEZ DES ADOLESCENTS DE 9 A 17 ANS ATTEINTS D'OBESITE MAJEURE PRIMAIRE SOUS TRAITEMENT MULTIDISCIPLINAIRE DONT DES ACTIVITES PHYSIQUES

PARIS7-Villemin (751102101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Evolution des facteurs de risques cardiovasculaires lors de l'amaigrissement chez des adolescents atteints d'obésité majeure primaire

L'adolescent atteint d'obésité majeure primaire, a par définition, un excès de masse grasse. D'autres paramètres de risque cardiovasculaire agissant en synergie avec l'obésité ont été identifiés : l'augmentation de la pression artérielle, des anomalies portant sur les lipides plasmatiques, des modifications portant sur la glycorégulation. Afin de préciser à quel niveau de risque cardiovasculaire se situaient ces adolescents obèses et de suivre l'évolution de ces paramètres après amaigrissement, cette étude a été réalisée. 53 adolescents ont été suivis, 33 filles et 22 garçons âgés de 10 à 17 ans qui ont été pris en charge au Centre Thérapeutique de Margency, par traitement multidisciplinaire, associant prise en charge diététique et promotion de l'activité physique. Des mesures de la composition corporelle par absorptiométrie biphotonique (DEXA) ont été effectuées avant puis après amaigrissement. Les résultats de l'anthropométrie, de la composition corporelle, des paramètres reflétant la glycorégulation, et les lipides plasmatiques ont été exprimés en valeur absolues avant et après amaigrissment, et les corrélations entre eux ont été recherchées. Les principaux résultats sont : 1) Une réduction majeure de la masse grasse totale, sans diminution de la masse maigre. 2) Une perte de masse grasse affectant principalement le tronc. 3) Le maintien de la croissance staturale. 4) Une corrélation entre les valeurs de l'antyhropométrie et la masse grasse du tronc et celle de l'insulinémie, notamment chez les filles. 5) Une corrélation entre les paramètres de l'anthropométrie et la masse grasse et les triglycérides, qui n'est pas retrouvée pour le cholestérol, ni le LDL-C. Ces résultats permettent de conclure que l'amaigrissement obtenu par la prise en charge multidisciplinaire permet d'induire des changements majeurs dans la composition corporelle, et diminue le niveau de risque cardiovasculaire.PARIS7-Villemin (751102101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Muscle Strength and Fitness in Pediatric Obesity: a Systematic Review from the European Childhood Obesity Group

The increasing prevalence of paediatric obesity and related metabolic complications has been mainly associated with lower aerobic fitness while less is known regarding potential musculoskeletal impairments. The purpose of the present systematic review was to report the evidence regarding muscular fitness in children and adolescents with obesity. A systematic article search was conducted between November 2014 and June 2015 using MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL psycINFO, SPORTDiscus and SocINDEX. Articles published in English and reporting results on muscle strength and muscular fitness in children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years were eligible. Of 548 identified titles, 36 studies were included for analyses. While laboratory-based studies described higher absolute muscular fitness in youth with obesity compared with their lean peers, these differences are negated when corrected for body weight and lean mass, then supporting field-based investigations. All interventional studies reviewed led to improved muscular fitness in youth with obesity. Children and adolescents with obesity display impaired muscular fitness compared to healthy-weight peers, which seems mainly due to factors such as excessive body weight and increased inertia of the body. Our analysis also points out the lack of information regarding the role of age, maturation or sex in the current literature and reveals that routinely used field tests analysing overall daily muscular fitness in children with obesity provide satisfactory results when compared to laboratory-based data

Bulimic behaviours and psychopathology in obese adolescents and in their parents

Objective. To help identify and advance the understanding of the potential mechanisms underlying the association between parents' and adolescents' psychological maladjustment in obesity, we evaluated bulimic behaviours and psychopathology in a clinical sample of obese adolescents and in their parents. Methods. This is a cross-sectional cohort study including 115 severely obese, treatment-seeking adolescents aged 12–17 years (mean age: 14.2; mean body mass index z-score: 4.32), and their parents (115 mothers and 96 fathers). Adolescents filled out the Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh (BITE), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC). Their parents completed the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the BITE. A child psychiatrist filled out the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Brief Scale for Anxiety (BSA) for the adolescents. Results. Obese adolescents demonstrated significant correlations between the severity of bulimic symptoms and the degree of emotional symptomatology, such as depression and anxiety, but not with the severity of obesity. Psychopathological maladjustment and bulimic symptoms in obese adolescents were significantly associated with the maternal psychopathological disturbances, especially anxiety and somatisation in mother. In fact, maternal psychopathology, not maternal bulimic symptoms, was the factor most strongly associated with bulimic behaviours in obese adolescents. Discussion. These results highlight the importance of including an adolescent and parental psychiatric assessment (bulimic, depressive and anxiety symptoms), particularly maternal psychopathology in the treatment of severely obese adolescents.<br/

Digital Food Marketing to Young People: A Substantial Public Health Challenge

International audienc

Ultra-Processed Food Consumption among the Paediatric Population: An Overview and Call to Action from the European Childhood Obesity Group

International audienc

Physical Activity and Physical Fitness in Pediatric Obesity : What are the First Steps for Clinicians? Expert Conclusion from the 2016 ECOG Workshop

One of the main aims of the European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG) is to assist healthcare workers in delivering evidence-based assessment and treatment of childhood obesity. Every year the ECOG Congress includes working groups whose objective is to highlight concerns faced by clinicians and practitioners who work in the field of pediatric obesity. This year, a working group was devoted to the assessment of physical activity and physical fitness in this population. The present commentary attempts to summarize the main themes identified by practitioners during these workshops in order to provide the basic and essential first steps required to address physical activity and fitness in children with obesity