1,091 research outputs found
On Manin's conjecture for a certain singular cubic surface over imaginary quadratic fields
We prove Manin's conjecture over imaginary quadratic number fields for a
cubic surface with a singularity of type E_6.Comment: 16 pages. Both this article and arXiv:1304.3352 provide applications
of arXiv:1302.615
Biobauern durchlöchern Impfpflicht
Ein Thurgauer Biobauer weigert sich, seine Tiere gegen die Blauzungenkrankheit impfen zu lassen. Mit Sanktionen muss er wahrscheinlich dennoch nicht rechnen, denn der zuständige Kantonstierarzt geht mit Verweigerern grosszügig um. Andere Kantone verlangen mehr Disziplin
Counting imaginary quadratic points via universal torsors, II
We prove Manin's conjecture for four singular quartic del Pezzo surfaces over
imaginary quadratic number fields, using the universal torsor method.Comment: 28 page
A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study on the Prevalence and Risk Factors for Nasal Colonization with Staphylococcus aureus in Patients Admitted to Children's Hospitals in Switzerland
The rate of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and associated risk factors were determined in a cross-sectional study involving Swiss children's hospitals. S. aureus was isolated in 562 of 1363 cases. In a stepwise multivariate analysis, the variables age, duration of antibiotic use, and hospitalization of a household member were independently associated with carriage of S. aureu
Reduced exposure to calcineurin inhibitors in renal transplantation
Background: immunosuppressive regimens with the fewest possible toxic effects are desirable for transplant recipients. This study evaluated the efficacy and relative toxic effects of four immunosuppressive regimens. Methods: we randomly assigned 1645 renal-transplant recipients to receive standard-dose cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and corticosteroids, or daclizumab induction, mycophenolate mofetil, and corticosteroids in combination with low-dose cyclosporine, low-dose tacrolimus, or low-dose sirolimus. The primary end point was the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), as calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault formula, 12 months after transplantation. Secondary end points included acute rejection and allograft survival. Results: the mean calculated GFR was higher in patients receiving low-dose tacrolimus (65.4 ml per minute) than in the other three groups (range, 56.7 to 59.4 ml per minute). The rate of biopsy-proven acute rejection was lower in patients receiving low-dose tacrolimus (12.3%) than in those receiving standard-dose cyclosporine (25.8%), low-dose cyclosporine (24.0%), or low-dose sirolimus (37.2%). Allograft survival differed significantly among the four groups (P=0.02) and was highest in the low-dose tacrolimus group (94.2%), followed by the low-dose cyclosporine group (93.1%), the standard-dose cyclosporine group (89.3%), and the low-dose sirolimus group (89.3%). Serious adverse events were more common in the low-dose sirolimus group than in the other groups (53.2% vs. a range of 43.4 to 44.3%), although a similar proportion of patients in each group had at least one adverse event during treatment (86.3 to 90.5%). Conclusions: a regimen of daclizumab, mycophenolate mofetil, and corticosteroids in combination with low-dose tacrolimus may be advantageous for renal function, allograft survival, and acute rejection rates, as compared with regimens containing daclizumab induction plus either low-dose cyclosporine or low-dose sirolimus or with standard-dose cyclosporine without induction
In search of the authentic nation: landscape and national identity in Canada and Switzerland
While the study of nationalism and national identity has flourished in the last decade, little attention has been devoted to the conditions under which natural environments acquire significance in definitions of nationhood. This article examines the identity-forming role of landscape depictions in two polyethnic nation-states: Canada and Switzerland. Two types of geographical national identity are identified. The first – what we call the ‘nationalisation of nature’– portrays zarticular landscapes as expressions of national authenticity. The second pattern – what we refer to as the ‘naturalisation of the nation’– rests upon a notion of geographical determinism that depicts specific landscapes as forces capable of determining national identity. The authors offer two reasons why the second pattern came to prevail in the cases under consideration: (1) the affinity between wild landscape and the Romantic ideal of pure, rugged nature, and (2) a divergence between the nationalist ideal of ethnic homogeneity and the polyethnic composition of the two societies under consideration
SELFIES and the future of molecular string representations
Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are expanding in
popularity for broad applications to challenging tasks in chemistry and
materials science. Examples include the prediction of properties, the discovery
of new reaction pathways, or the design of new molecules. The machine needs to
read and write fluently in a chemical language for each of these tasks. Strings
are a common tool to represent molecular graphs, and the most popular molecular
string representation, SMILES, has powered cheminformatics since the late
1980s. However, in the context of AI and ML in chemistry, SMILES has several
shortcomings -- most pertinently, most combinations of symbols lead to invalid
results with no valid chemical interpretation. To overcome this issue, a new
language for molecules was introduced in 2020 that guarantees 100\% robustness:
SELFIES (SELF-referencIng Embedded Strings). SELFIES has since simplified and
enabled numerous new applications in chemistry. In this manuscript, we look to
the future and discuss molecular string representations, along with their
respective opportunities and challenges. We propose 16 concrete Future Projects
for robust molecular representations. These involve the extension toward new
chemical domains, exciting questions at the interface of AI and robust
languages and interpretability for both humans and machines. We hope that these
proposals will inspire several follow-up works exploiting the full potential of
molecular string representations for the future of AI in chemistry and
materials science.Comment: 34 pages, 15 figures, comments and suggestions for additional
references are welcome
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