Evaluando competencias en la asignatura Análisis Multivariante de Indicadores en Criminología

La propuesta que se realiza forma parte de un Proyecto de Innovación Docente que se enmarca en la Acción 2 de la Universidad Pablo de Olavide para el curso 2012-2013. En ella se pone en práctica, en la asignatura de ¿Análisis Multivariante de Indicadores en Criminología¿, que se imparte en el Grado en Criminología y el Doble Grado en Criminología y Derecho, una metodología de evaluación cuyo objetivo es que el alumnado sea capaz de mostrar las principales competencias adquiridas, de manera trasversal, a medida que va adquiriendo la formación necesaria.Para ello, la metodología seguida consiste en la puesta en práctica de un sistema de evaluación continua consistente en el desarrollo de un trabajo en grupo, en el que cada uno deberá trabajar una base de datos criminológicos específica, consiguiendo realizar análisis conforme a determinadas técnicas multivariantes, de manera progresiva. Así, se pretende que el alumnado lleve a cabo un trabajo que les permita ir asimilando, integrando y poniendo en práctica los conocimientos adquiridos de forma gradual a lo largo del curso.Las actividades concretas a realizar en cada una de las fases del proceso, así como la evaluación, el sistema de tutorización y seguimiento, etc., se describen en la propuesta. Asimismo, se hace alusión a la experiencia obtenida tras dos años de implantación, así como las necesidades de mejora.Artículo revisado por pare

Evaluating destinations' efforts to improve sustainability in tourism using the inter-temporal decomposition of a composite indicator

This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [PID2019-104263RB-C41 and PGC2018-095786-B-IOO], from the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) and from the Ministry of Economy, Knowledge, Business and University, of the Andalusian Government, within the framework of the FEDER Andalusia 2014-2020 operational program. Specific objective 1.2.3. «Promotion and generation of frontier knowledge and knowledge oriented to the challenges of society, development of emerging technologies») within the framework of the reference research project (UPO-1380624). FEDER co-financing percentage 80%. Funding for open access publishing: Universidad Pablo de Olavide/CBUA.UPO-1380624, PID2019-104263RB-C41 and PGC2018-095786-B-IOOSustainable tourism indicators are instruments for measuring tourism sustainability, widely used in the planning and decision-making processes. For this measurement, in recent decades composite indicators have been proposed that provide dynamic evaluations to assess the progress that each destination registers towards more sustainable situations. However, the measures proposed so far do not allow the evaluation of each destination's own effort or the effectiveness of the measures put in place, because the evaluation they provide depends on the decisions made when adding information (weighting, reference situations...). In this study, a dynamic measure of sustainable tourism is proposed, which, through the intertemporal decomposition of a global indicator with multiplicative aggregation, assesses the effort that each destination makes to improve its sustainability situation. The aggregation procedure is carried out in two stages. In the first one, a compensatory synthetic indicator is obtained for each aspect using a weighting scheme determined from information and dispersion criteria. In a second phase, the global composite indicator is obtained with a multiplicative aggregation, setting unique and common weights for all destinations through DEA models and using different benchmarks for each type of destination, in order to take into account their different starting situations.Departmento de Economía, Métodos Cuantitativos e Historia Económica, Universidad Pablo de Olavid

A Sustainable Approach to the Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Its Economic Burden

The prevalence of obesity continues to grow, resulting in metabolic syndrome and increasing economic burden for health systems. The objectives were to measure the ability of the NIM-MetS test, previously used in the adults, for the early and sustainable detection of the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in children and adolescents. Moreover, to determine the economic burden of the children with MetS. Furthermore, finally, to use and implement the NIM-MetS test, via a self-created online software, as a new method to determine the risk of MetS in children. The method used was an observational study using different instruments (NIM-MetS test, International Diabetes Federation (IDF), or Cook) and measures (body mass index). Additionally, the economic burden was estimated via a research strategy in different databases, e.g., PubMed, to identify previous papers. The results (N = 265 children, age from 10–12) showed that 23.1% had obesity and 7.2% hypertension. The prevalence of MetS using the NIM-Mets was 5.7, and the cost of these children was approximate 618,253,99 euros. Finally, a model was obtained and later implemented in a web platform via simulation. The NIM-MetS obtained is a non-invasive method for the diagnosis of risk of MetS in children

One-year efficacy and safety of naloxegol on symptoms and quality of life related to opioid-induced constipation in patients with cancer: KYONAL study

Cancer; Constipation; PainCàncer; Restrenyiment; DolorCáncer; Estreñimiento; DolorAbstract Objectives Naloxegol is a peripherally acting µ-opioid receptor antagonist (PAMORA) for treatment of opioid-induced constipation (OIC). The main objective was to analyse the long-term efficacy, quality of life (QOL) and safety of naloxegol in patients with cancer in a real-world study. Methods This one-year prospective study included patients older than 18 years, with active oncological disease who were under treatment with opioids for pain control and Karnofsky≥50 and OIC with inadequate response to treatment with laxative (s). All the patients received treatment with naloxegol according to clinical criteria. The main efficacy objectives were measured by the patient assessment of constipation QOL questionnaire (PAC-QOL), the PAC symptoms (PAC-SYM), the response rate at day 15, and months 1-3-6-12, and global QOL (EuroQoL-5D-5L). Results A total of 126 patients (58.7% males) with a mean age of 61.5 years (95% CI 59.4 to 63.7) were included. PAC-SYM and PAC-QOL total score and all their dimensions improved from baseline (p<0.0001). At 12 months, 77.8% of the patients were responders to naloxegol treatment. Global QOL was conserved from baseline. A total of 28 adverse reactions, mainly gastrointestinal were observed in 15.1% of the patients (19/126), being 75% (21) mild, 17.9% (5) moderate and 7.1% (2) severe. Most adverse reactions (67.9%) appeared the first 15 days of treatment. Conclusion The results of this first long-term and real-world-data study in patients with cancer, showed the sustained efficacy and safety of naloxegol for the treatment of OIC in this group of patients.This study was sponsored by Kyowa Kirin Farmacéutica S.L., Spain. The funders participated in the design of the study and the drafting of the manuscript

Planeamiento estratégico del limón

El presente Plan Estratégico está centrado en el desarrollo del Limón hacia el año 2023. Las dos variedades cultivadas en Perú (i.e., Sutil y Tahití), cuentan con características muy particulares que históricamente han orientado su consumo al mercado interno, sin embargo esto puede empezar a cambiar rápidamente gracias al creciente interés mundial por la gastronomía peruana y la difusión de bebidas de bandera como el pisco sour. Los principales objetivos de este Plan son incrementar el consumo interno en 50% respecto al año 2013 y ubicar al Limón dentro de los cinco principales exportadores latinoamericanos. Perú cuenta con una alta variedad de recursos naturales, fuerte demanda de educación, estabilidad política, aumento de la preocupación por la responsabilidad social y la sostenibilidad, así como una economía creciente. Sin embargo, el consumo interno del Limón se encuentra estancado, las hectáreas destinadas a este cultivo se han venido reduciendo en las últimas décadas. La industria del Limón se apoyará en el impulso del Gobierno hacia los proyectos de inversión pública y privada en obras de irrigación y en general a la infraestructura que soporte el crecimiento de la agroexportación. El modelo aplicado para elaborar el Plan Estratégico del Limón hacia el año 2023 ha sido el desarrollado por el Profesor Fernando D’Alessio. El proceso da como resultado las estrategias a emplear como curso de acción. Se cuenta con ocho estrategias retenidas y nueve estrategias de contingencia, las cuales aseguran la implementación de los objetivos de largo plazo definidos, procurando además un equilibrio entre el desarrollo de la demanda interna, el impulso a la exportación con apoyo en los nuevos tratados internacionales, la generación de desarrollo económico y social para las regiones que lo cultivan y la explotación responsable de los recursos naturalesTwo main varieties of lemon cultivated in Peru are Limón Sutil and Limón Tahiti. These have very distinctive features which, historically speaking, have highly impulsed domestic market; however, this tendency may show a sudden variation due to the worldwide growing interest in Peruvian gastronomy and the promotion of national drinks; such as the Pisco Sour. The current strategic plan is focused on the development of Lemon Industry in Peru towards 2023. This plan mainly aims to increase the percentage of the fruit’s domestic consumption in 50% compared to 2013, and place its market among the five main Latin American exporters of this citric fruit. In the last years, Peru has gained prestige for its wide range of natural resources, a high educational demand, political stability, increasing interest for social responsibility and sustainability, as well as a growing economy. However, the domestic consumption of lemon has shown to be hindered and the number of hectares destined for the production of it has shown a decreasing tendency in the last decades. In spite of this, the lemon industry will soon be supported by the Governmental boost towards the development of PPPs (public-private partnerships) aiming to improve irrigation and infrastructure processes that support the growth of agro-exports. The model used on the elaboration of this strategic plan for 2023 has been developed by Professor Fernando D’Alessio. The process gives way to the identification of strategies to be used as an action plan; 8 retained ownership and 9 contingency strategies, which ensure the implementation of long-term well-defined objectives and aim to keep balance among the development of domestic demand, exports boost with the help of new international trade agreements, and the generation of economic and social development for regions that cultivate and export their natural resources responsiblyTesi

A Mediterranean-Diet-Based Nutritional Intervention for Children with Prediabetes in a Rural Town: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Prediabetes is a pathological condition in which the blood glucose concentration is higher than normal concentrations but lower than those considered necessary for a type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis. Various authors have indicated that the Mediterranean Diet is one of the dietary patterns with the most healthy outcomes, reducing high levels of HbA1c, triglycerides, BMI, and other anthropometric parameters. The main objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of the nutritional intervention for children with prediabetes, including the effectiveness of this nutritional education regarding anthropometric parameters. A randomized pilot trial with two groups, an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG), using intervention in dietary habits with nutritional reinforcement was carried out on 29 children with prediabetes from a rural area. The nutritional intervention was analyzed through astrophotometric and glycemic measurements and validated surveys. Results: The results indicated improvement in eating habits, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, anthropometric measurements, mainly body mass index and perimeters, and analytical parameters, with a significant decrease in glycated hemoglobin in the EG compared to the CG (p < 0.001). Although the results showed that both groups’ anthropometric parameters improved, a more significant decrease was observed in the experimental group compared to the control

The Assessment of Myocardial Longitudinal Strain in a Paediatric Spanish Population Using a New Software Analysis

Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) has been present for years. However, it is underutilized due to the expertise and time requirements for its analysis. Our aims were to provide strain values in a paediatric Spanish population and to assess the feasibility and reproducibility of a new strain software analysis in our environment. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 156 healthy children aged 6 to 17 years. Longitudinal strain (LS) analysis of the left ventricle, right ventricle, and left atrium was performed. Feasibility and reproducibility were assessed. The associations of clinical and echocardiographic variables with strain values were investigated by multivariate analysis. Results: Mean age was 11 ± 3 years (50% female). Feasibility of LS measurement ranged from 94.2% for left ventricle global LS (LVGLS) to 98.1% for other chamber strain parameters. Strain values were 26.7 ± 2.3% for LVGLS; 30.5 ± 4.4% and 26.9 ± 4% for right ventricle free wall LS (RVFWLS) and four chambers view LS (RV4CLS) respectively; and 57.8 ± 10.5%, 44.9 ± 9.5%, and 12.9 ± 5.5% for left atrium LS reservoir phase (LALSr), conduct phase (LALScd) and contraction phase (LALSct), also respectively. Body surface area (BSA) and age presented a negative correlation with strain values. Higher values were found in females than in males, except for LALScd. Excellent intra- and inter-observer reproducibility were found for right and left ventricular strain measurement, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) ranging from 0.88 to 0.98, respectively. In conclusion, we described strain values in a healthy Spanish paediatric population. LS assessment by this new strain analysis software by semi-automatic manner was highly feasible and reproducible

Efficacy of naloxegol on symptoms and quality of life related to opioid-induced constipation in patients with cancer: a 3-month follow-up analysis

Objectives: Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) can affect up to 63% of all patients with cancer. The objectives of this study were to assess quality of life as well as efficacy and safety of naloxegol, in patients with cancer with OIC. Methods: An observational study was made of a cohort of patients with cancer and with OIC exhibiting an inadequate response to laxatives and treated with naloxegol. The sample consisted of adult outpatients with a Karnofsky performance status score ≥50. The Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAC-QOL) and the Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptoms (PAC-SYM) were applied for 3 months. Results: A total of 126 patients (58.2% males) with a mean age of 61.3 years (range 34-89) were included. Clinically relevant improvements (>0.5 points) were recorded in the PAC-QOL and PAC-SYM questionnaires (p<0.0001) from 15 days of treatment. The number of days a week with complete spontaneous bowel movements increased significantly (p<0.0001) from 2.4 to 4.6 on day 15, 4.7 after 1 month and 5 after 3 months. Pain control significantly improved (p<0.0001) during follow-up. A total of 13.5% of the patients (17/126) presented some gastrointestinal adverse reaction, mostly of mild (62.5%) or moderate intensity (25%). Conclusions: Clinically relevant improvements in OIC-related quality of life, number of bowel movements and constipation-related symptoms were recorded as early as after 15 days of treatment with naloxegol in patients with cancer and OIC, with a good safety profile

Consenso mexicano sobre detección y tratamiento del cáncer gástrico incipiente

El cáncer gástrico representa una de las neoplasias más frecuentes en el aparato digestivo y en la mayoría de los casos es el resultado de la progresión de lesiones premalignas. La detección oportuna de estas lesiones es relevante ya que un tratamiento oportuno brinda la posibilidad de curación. En nuestro país no existía un consenso respecto a la detección temprana del cáncer gástrico, por lo que la Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología reunió aun grupo de expertos y realizó el Consenso sobre detección y tratamiento del cáncer gástricoincipiente (CGI) para establecer recomendaciones de utilidad para la comunidad médica. Eneste consenso se utilizó la metodología Delphi y se emitieron 38 recomendaciones al respectodel CGI. El consenso define el CGI como aquel que al momento del diagnóstico se encuentralimitado a la mucosa y a la submucosa, independientemente de metástasis en ganglios linfáticos.En México, como otras partes del mundo, los factores asociados al CGI incluyen la infección porHelicobacter pylori, los antecedentes familiares, el tabaquismo y los factores dietéticos. Para eldiagnóstico se recomienda utilizar cromoendoscopia, magnificación y equipos con luz mejorada.Un diagnóstico histopatológico preciso es invaluable para tomar de decisiones terapéuticas. Eltratamiento endoscópico del CGI, ya sea disección o resección de la mucosa, debe ser preferidoal manejo quirúrgico cuando se puedan obtener resultados semejantes en términos de curaciónoncológica. La vigilancia endoscópica se deberá de individualizar