Exotische amfibieën in de duinen ontmaskerd met mtDNA barcoding

NaturalisAnimal science

MtDNA barcoding van exotische amfibieën in de duinen

Animal sciencesNaturali

The hyperon-nucleon interaction: conventional versus effective field theory approach

Hyperon-nucleon interactions are presented that are derived either in the conventional meson-exchange picture or within leading order chiral effective field theory. The chiral potential consists of one-pseudoscalar-meson exchanges and non-derivative four-baryon contact terms. With regard to meson-exchange hyperon-nucleon models we focus on the new potential of the Juelich group, whose most salient feature is that the contributions in the scalar--isoscalar (\sigma) and vector--isovector (\rho) exchange channels are constrained by a microscopic model of correlated \pi\pi and KKbar exchange.Comment: 28 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Lecture Notes in Physic

Is the destruction or removal of atmospheric methane a worthwhile option?

Removing methane from the air is possible, but do the costs outweigh the benefits? This note explores the question of whether removing methane from the atmosphere is justifiable. Destruction of methane by oxidation to CO2 eliminates 97% of the warming impact on a 100-yr time scale. Methane can be oxidized by a variety of methods including thermal or ultraviolet photocatalysis and various processes of physical, chemical or biological oxidizers. Each removal method has energy costs (with the risk of causing embedded CO2 emission that cancel the global warming gain), but in specific circumstances, including settings where air with high methane is habitually present, removal may be competitive with direct efforts to cut fugitive methane leaks. In all cases however, great care must be taken to ensure that the destruction has a net positive impact on the total global warming, and that the resources required would not be better used for stopping the methane from being emitted

Direct evidence of transfer with weakly bound isotopes of He near the Coulomb barrier and implications of fusion

NESTERPartial residue cross sections for fusion and transfer have been measured from the intensities of characteristic gamma-rays for the $^{4,6}$ He + $^{63,65}$Cu systems at energies near the Coulomb barrier (Vb)

Mobile nondestructive assay and examination instruments

A compact system that evaluates radioactive materials can furnish a big savings to taxpayers by ensuring that only properly identified nuclear waste is sent to a Department of Energy (DOE) radioactive waste storage area. The Los Alamos National Laboratory's Advanced Nuclear Technology Group has developed and field tested two esily transportable, self-contained modules: one x-rays the contents of special 208-l shipment containers, the other assays the contents. The assay and evaluation system is a simple, portable solution to a complex problem that ensures that only properly packaged transuranic (TRU) wste is shipped to the Department of Energy's Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) near Carlsbad, New Mexico. Caustic chemicals, liquids, and other objects or materials tht could cause a container leak during shipment are the objects of an x-ray and video camera used in the system. The camera inspects the contents of 208-l drums that are brought into the system on a conveyor and rotated, one at a time, in front of the x-ray source. Free liquids can be detected by shaking the drum; the sloshing liquid is visible on the video screen. After the drum is x-rayed, it is conveyed to the assay module where precision instruments measure the amounts of TRU isotopes present in the waste. If the drum contains fissile TRU isotopes above the safety limit, it is rejected and sent to an appropriate facility for repackaging; if the drum contains less than the 100 nCi/g lower-level limit for TRU, it is rejected and sent to a low-level nuclear waste burial site. Drums whose contents fall between these limits are accepted and certified for shipment to the WIPP. Made to fit on flatbed trailers, the entire system can be transported to a DOE facility and be ready for operations within 5 hours after arrival

Observational diagnostics of gas in protoplanetary disks

Protoplanetary disks are composed primarily of gas (99% of the mass). Nevertheless, relatively few observational constraints exist for the gas in disks. In this review, I discuss several observational diagnostics in the UV, optical, near-IR, mid-IR, and (sub)-mm wavelengths that have been employed to study the gas in the disks of young stellar objects. I concentrate in diagnostics that probe the inner 20 AU of the disk, the region where planets are expected to form. I discuss the potential and limitations of each gas tracer and present prospects for future research.Comment: Review written for the proceedings of the conference "Origin and Evolution of Planets 2008", Ascona, Switzerland, June 29 - July 4, 2008. Date manuscript: October 2008. 17 Pages, 6 graphics, 134 reference

Incidence and predictive biomarkers of Clostridioides difficile infection in hospitalized patients receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics

Trial enrichment using gut microbiota derived biomarkers by high-risk individuals can improve the feasibility of randomized controlled trials for prevention of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Here, we report in a prospective observational cohort study the incidence of CDI and assess potential clinical characteristics and biomarkers to predict CDI in 1,007 patients ≥ 50 years receiving newly initiated antibiotic treatment with penicillins plus a beta- lactamase inhibitor, 3rd/4th generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones or clindamycin from 34 European hospitals. The estimated 90-day cumulative incidences of a first CDI episode is 1.9% (95% CI 1.1-3.0). Carbapenem treatment (Hazard Ratio (95% CI): 5.3 (1.7-16.6)), toxigenic C. difficile rectal carriage (10.3 (3.2-33.1)), high intestinal abundance of Enterococcus spp. relative to Ruminococcus spp. (5.4 (2.1-18.7)), and low Shannon alpha diversity index as determined by 16 S rRNA gene profiling (9.7 (3.2-29.7)), but not nor- malized urinary 3-indoxyl sulfate levels, predicts an increased CDI risk

Environmental monitoring : phase 5 final report (April 2019 - March 2020)

This report presents the results and interpretation for Phase 5 of an integrated environmental monitoring programme that is being undertaken around two proposed shale gas sites in England – Preston New Road, Lancashire and Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire. The report should be read in conjunction with previous reports freely available through the project website1 . These provide additional background to the project, presentation of earlier results and the rationale for establishment of the different elements of the monitoring programme