Development And Characterization Of Microsatellite Loci For Tabebuia Cassinoides (bignoniaceae).

Tabebuia cassinoides (Lam.) DC., popularly known as caxeta, is a tree species that belongs to the plant family Bignoniaceae. This species is endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and is widely exploited commercially. To date, little is known about its genetic structure, preventing the establishment of adequate management plans for this taxon. The objective of this study was to construct a microsatellite-enriched genomic library for T. cassinoides to select polymorphic loci, and standardize polymerase chain reaction amplification conditions. Of the 15 loci examined, 5 were polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 8, with a mean of 4.4. The microsatellite loci described here represent the basis for detailed population genetic studies of this species, which will greatly contribute for the development of better conservation strategies for this taxon.135601-

Development and characterization of microsatellite loci for Tabebuia cassinoides (Bignoniaceae)

Tabebuia cassinoides (Lam.) DC., popularly known as caxeta, is a tree species that belongs to the plant family Bignoniaceae. This species is endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and is widely exploited commercially. To date, little is known about its genetic structure, preventing the establishment of adequate management plans for this taxon. The objective of this study was to construct a microsatellite-enriched genomic library for T. cassinoides to select polymorphic loci, and standardize polymerase chain reaction amplification conditions. Of the 15 loci examined, 5 were polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 8, with a mean of 4.4. The microsatellite loci described here represent the basis for detailed population genetic studies of this species, which will greatly contribute for the development of better conservation strategies for this taxon. Tabebuia cassinoides (Lam.) DC., popularly known as caxeta, is a tree species that belongs to the plant family Bignoniaceae. This species is endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and is widely exploited commercially. To date, little is known about its genetic structure, preventing the establishment of adequate management plans for this taxon. The objective of this study was to construct a microsatellite-enriched genomic library for T. cassinoides to select polymorphic loci, and standardize polymerase chain reaction amplification conditions. Of the 15 loci examined, 5 were polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 8, with a mean of 4.4. The microsatellite loci described here represent the basis for detailed population genetic studies of this species, which will greatly contribute for the development of better conservation strategies for this taxon13356015605CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP142040/2009-6; 305102/2010-9sem informação2010/20548-

ANÁLISE DE DADOS DE DEFORMAÇÃO A PARTIR DE SENSORES DISTRIBUÍDOS DE FIBRA ÓPTICA INSTALADOS EM UMA ENCOSTA

O presente trabalho expõe uma metodologia de análise de dados de monitoramento de deformações de uma encosta natural atravessada por um duto pertencente a PETROBRAS, a partir de sensores distribuídos de fibra óptica. A encosta em questão localiza-se na Serra do Mar, município de Morretes (PR), distante a 40 km da cidade de Curitiba (PR) sob as posições geográficas UTM (716.332E - 7.172.000N) e (720.000E - 7.173.000N). Devido a uma ruptura na encosta, o duto sofreu esforços de tração rompendo em fevereiro de 2001. Tal ocorrência resultou no vazamento de aproximadamente 145 m³ de óleo diesel no meio ambiente. Em agosto de 2014 os institutos Lactec procederam com a instalação de sensores distribuídos de fibra óptica na encosta para o monitoramento de movimentos de massa. Essas atividades foram desenvolvidas no contexto de um P&D em parceria com a PETROBRAS/CENPES. Os dados obtidos através dos sensores distribuídos de fibra óptica correspondem a dados de deformação e temperatura, os quais permitem verificar possíveis deslocamentos que podem resultar em movimentos de massa. Os dados foram coletados no período entre janeiro de 2015 a maio de 2016 com um interrogador DTSS e tratados pelos softwares MatLab, Excel e Surfer. Em janeiro de 2015 foram realizados ajustes nos sensores ópticos, a fim de melhorar a qualidade do sinal, resultando em uma campanha de leituras de referência para as análises posteriores, denominada 7ª campanha. Os dados coletados nas campanhas de monitoramento a partir da 7ª campanha até a 12ª campanha, realizada em maio de 2016, indicaram que a encosta apresentou deformações na ordem de 784 µɛ a -515 µɛ. Sendo que os valores de deformação registrados foram relativamente baixos e a metodologia de análise dos dados de deformação obtidos encontrava-se ainda em fase experimental, não foi possível afirmar que as deformações registradas correspondessem a possíveis deslocamentos na encosta. Portanto, na continuidade destes trabalhos, a metodologia aqui apresentada pode gerar mais informações ao longo do seu desenvolvimento, possibilitando uma correlação mais precisa entre deformação e deslocamento

Phylogenomics and the rise of the angiosperms

Angiosperms are the cornerstone of most terrestrial ecosystems and human livelihoods1, 2. A robust understanding of angiosperm evolution is required to explain their rise to ecological dominance. So far, the angiosperm tree of life has been determined primarily by means of analyses of the plastid genome3, 4. Many studies have drawn on this foundational work, such as classification and first insights into angiosperm diversification since their Mesozoic origins5–7. However, the limited and biased sampling of both taxa and genomes undermines confidence in the tree and its implications. Here, we build the tree of life for almost 8,000 (about 60%) angiosperm genera using a standardized set of 353 nuclear genes8. This 15-fold increase in genus-level sampling relative to comparable nuclear studies9 provides a critical test of earlier results and brings notable change to key groups, especially in rosids, while substantiating many previously predicted relationships. Scaling this tree to time using 200 fossils, we discovered that early angiosperm evolution was characterized by high gene tree conflict and explosive diversification, giving rise to more than 80% of extant angiosperm orders. Steady diversification ensued through the remaining Mesozoic Era until rates resurged in the Cenozoic Era, concurrent with decreasing global temperatures and tightly linked with gene tree conflict. Taken together, our extensive sampling combined with advanced phylogenomic methods shows the deep history and full complexity in the evolution of a megadiverse clade

Tree diversity and above-ground biomass in the South America Cerrado biome and their conservation implications

Less than half of the original two million square kilometers of the Cerrado vegetation remains standing, and there are still many uncertainties as to how to conserve and prioritize remaining areas effectively. A key limitation is the continuing lack of geographically-extensive evaluation of ecosystem-level properties across the biome. Here we sought to address this gap by comparing the woody vegetation of the typical cerrado of the Cerrado–Amazonia Transition with that of the core area of the Cerrado in terms of both tree diversity and vegetation biomass. We used 21 one-hectare plots in the transition and 18 in the core to compare key structural parameters (tree height, basal area, and above-ground biomass), and diversity metrics between the regions. We also evaluated the effects of temperature and precipitation on biomass, as well as explored the species diversity versus biomass relationship. We found, for the first time, both that the typical cerrado at the transition holds substantially more biomass than at the core, and that higher temperature and greater precipitation can explain this difference. By contrast, plot-level alpha diversity was almost identical in the two regions. Finally, contrary to some theoretical expectations, we found no positive relationship between species diversity and biomass for the Cerrado woody vegetation. This has implications for the development of effective conservation measures, given that areas with high biomass and importance for the compensation of greenhouse gas emissions are often not those with the greatest diversity