El cómic es cosa seria. El cómic como mediación para la enseñanza en la educación superior Caso Universidad Nacional, Universidad de Medellín y Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana

El problema planteado en esta investigación es estudiar el posible uso del cómiccomo mediación para la enseñanza en la educación superior. Su objetivo es establecerlas condiciones y características que debe tener el cómic para enseñar. El trabajoconsidera una muestra referenciada de informantes, y se desarrolla por medio deobservaciones, entrevistas en profundidad, redacción de diarios de campo y estudio defuentes documentales. Las principales conclusiones son que el cómic tiene potencialdidáctico, que ha sido poco utilizado para enseñar, y que las instituciones de educaciónsuperior deben propiciar su uso, e investigar para validar este potencial. Se plantea unapropuesta didáctica para fomentar la utilización del cómic en la educación superior.Los tres proponentes de esta investigación son docentes y utilizan la imagen en suslabores educativas

Dynamique des flux sédimentaires et des éléments métalliques en lien avec l’exploitation courante et exceptionnelle d’un barrage hydroélectrique

Dam reservoir contexts concentrate social, economic and environmental issues. Their presence modifies both natural water and sediments continuity. Water level can be stable or fluctuate according to hydrological cycles and exploitation, leading to more or less pronounced sediments and associated contaminants remobilization. In such context, this work aims at studying spatio-temporal changes in concentrations, fluxes as well as speciation of metallic elements during natural and anthropologically-driven sediments accumulation and resuspension phases. For this purpose, a 19 months field survey was performed upstream and downstream from the dam during both routine and exceptional exploitation. The water and sediments quality during two sluicing events, performed in order to re-erode deposited reservoir sediments and flush them downstream through the bottom valves of the dam during high flows, were notably monitored. As for the influence of the main physicochemical parameters (i.e., solid/liquid ratio, pH, redox potential, drying) on metallic elements fate and speciation as well as the different processes involved, they were studied through laboratory experiments, statistical analyses and modeling. Results highlighted that during routine exploitation, dam presence leads to a significant discontinuity in metallic element dissolved concentrations, fluxes and speciation, mainly through pH changes magnified by water flow artificial lowering. During sluicing management, the high local pH, redox and S/L changes of the downstream water, mainly following maximum sediments release, enhance As, Fe and Mn solubilization through desorption or metallic oxydes dissolution. Nevertheless, given the overall low mobility of the metallic elements and bearing phases stability, dissolved fluxes remain far lower than particular ones. Recurrent sluicing management permits to minimize sediments and metallic fluxes, limiting toxicity towards aquatic biota.Les retenues de barrage sont l’objet d’enjeux sociétaux, économiques et environnementaux. Leur présence affecte le transit naturel de l’eau et de la charge sédimentaire associée. Selon les cycles hydrologiques et leur exploitation, la remobilisation des sédiments accumulés et des contaminants associés est plus ou moins marquée. Dans ce contexte, cette étude a pour principal objectif de déterminer l’évolution des teneurs, flux et spéciation des éléments métalliques au cours des phases d’accumulation et de remobilisation sédimentaire naturelles et influencées. Pour ce faire, une étude de terrain de 19 mois à l’amont et à l’aval de l’ouvrage a été effectuée en conditions courantes et événementielles d’exploitation. Le suivi de deux opérations de chasses d’hydrocurage, destinées à l’évacuation des sédiments de la retenue par ouverture des vannes de fond du barrage en période de hautes eaux, a notamment été réalisé. L’impact des différents paramètres physicochimiques (ratio solide/liquide, pH, potentiel redox, séchage) sur le devenir et la spéciation des éléments métalliques ainsi que les différents mécanismes associés ont quant à eux été évalués à l’aide d’expériences de laboratoire, d’études statistiques et de modélisation. Les résultats ont montré qu’en période d’exploitation courante, la présence de l’ouvrage induit une discontinuité amont/aval des teneurs, flux et partition des éléments métalliques, amplifiant notamment l’influence du pH sur leur spéciation et mobilité du fait de l’artificialisation des conditions d’écoulement. Lors des opérations d’exploitation événementielle par chasse d’hydrocurage, la modification des conditions de pH, d’oxydoréduction et de ratio S/L au sein du cours d’eau aval lors du passage de la charge sédimentaire augmente les teneurs en As, Fe et Mn solubilisés via des phénomènes de désorption et de dissolution des oxydes métalliques. Néanmoins, étant donné la faible mobilité des éléments métalliques et la stabilité des phases porteuses, les flux dissous restent minoritaires par rapport aux flux particulaires. La réalisation fréquente des opérations de chasse permet de minimiser les flux sédimentaire et métallique mis en jeu au cours du temps, limitant par conséquent son impact sur le cours d’eau aval

Influence of routine and exceptional exploitation of a hydroelectric dam on sediments and metallic elements dynamics

Les retenues de barrage sont l’objet d’enjeux sociétaux, économiques et environnementaux. Leur présence affecte le transit naturel de l’eau et de la charge sédimentaire associée. Selon les cycles hydrologiques et leur exploitation, la remobilisation des sédiments accumulés et des contaminants associés est plus ou moins marquée. Dans ce contexte, cette étude a pour principal objectif de déterminer l’évolution des teneurs, flux et spéciation des éléments métalliques au cours des phases d’accumulation et de remobilisation sédimentaire naturelles et influencées. Pour ce faire, une étude de terrain de 19 mois à l’amont et à l’aval de l’ouvrage a été effectuée en conditions courantes et événementielles d’exploitation. Le suivi de deux opérations de chasses d’hydrocurage, destinées à l’évacuation des sédiments de la retenue par ouverture des vannes de fond du barrage en période de hautes eaux, a notamment été réalisé. L’impact des différents paramètres physicochimiques (ratio solide/liquide, pH, potentiel redox, séchage) sur le devenir et la spéciation des éléments métalliques ainsi que les différents mécanismes associés ont quant à eux été évalués à l’aide d’expériences de laboratoire, d’études statistiques et de modélisation. Les résultats ont montré qu’en période d’exploitation courante, la présence de l’ouvrage induit une discontinuité amont/aval des teneurs, flux et partition des éléments métalliques, amplifiant notamment l’influence du pH sur leur spéciation et mobilité du fait de l’artificialisation des conditions d’écoulement. Lors des opérations d’exploitation événementielle par chasse d’hydrocurage, la modification des conditions de pH, d’oxydoréduction et de ratio S/L au sein du cours d’eau aval lors du passage de la charge sédimentaire augmente les teneurs en As, Fe et Mn solubilisés via des phénomènes de désorption et de dissolution des oxydes métalliques. Néanmoins, étant donné la faible mobilité des éléments métalliques et la stabilité des phases porteuses, les flux dissous restent minoritaires par rapport aux flux particulaires. La réalisation fréquente des opérations de chasse permet de minimiser les flux sédimentaire et métallique mis en jeu au cours du temps, limitant par conséquent son impact sur le cours d’eau aval.Dam reservoir contexts concentrate social, economic and environmental issues. Their presence modifies both natural water and sediments continuity. Water level can be stable or fluctuate according to hydrological cycles and exploitation, leading to more or less pronounced sediments and associated contaminants remobilization. In such context, this work aims at studying spatio-temporal changes in concentrations, fluxes as well as speciation of metallic elements during natural and anthropologically-driven sediments accumulation and resuspension phases. For this purpose, a 19 months field survey was performed upstream and downstream from the dam during both routine and exceptional exploitation. The water and sediments quality during two sluicing events, performed in order to re-erode deposited reservoir sediments and flush them downstream through the bottom valves of the dam during high flows, were notably monitored. As for the influence of the main physicochemical parameters (i.e., solid/liquid ratio, pH, redox potential, drying) on metallic elements fate and speciation as well as the different processes involved, they were studied through laboratory experiments, statistical analyses and modeling. Results highlighted that during routine exploitation, dam presence leads to a significant discontinuity in metallic element dissolved concentrations, fluxes and speciation, mainly through pH changes magnified by water flow artificial lowering. During sluicing management, the high local pH, redox and S/L changes of the downstream water, mainly following maximum sediments release, enhance As, Fe and Mn solubilization through desorption or metallic oxydes dissolution. Nevertheless, given the overall low mobility of the metallic elements and bearing phases stability, dissolved fluxes remain far lower than particular ones. Recurrent sluicing management permits to minimize sediments and metallic fluxes, limiting toxicity towards aquatic biota

Le fluor dans les roches métamorphiques du Massif Central français

Roques Maurice, Tempier Paul, Frémion Monique, Aubert Daniel. Le fluor dans les roches métamorphiques du Massif Central français. In: Phénomènes de transport de matière dans l'écorce terrestre. ATP - CNRS. Action thématique Programmée du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Résultats scientifiques. Strasbourg : Institut de Géologie – Université Louis-Pasteur, 1979. pp. 95-100. (Sciences Géologiques. Mémoire, 53

Le fluor dans les roches métamorphiques du Massif Central français

Roques Maurice, Tempier Paul, Frémion Monique, Aubert Daniel. Le fluor dans les roches métamorphiques du Massif Central français. In: Phénomènes de transport de matière dans l'écorce terrestre. ATP - CNRS. Action thématique Programmée du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Résultats scientifiques. Strasbourg : Institut de Géologie – Université Louis-Pasteur, 1979. pp. 95-100. (Sciences Géologiques. Mémoire, 53

Amalgam is a ligand for the transmembrane receptor neurotactin and is required for neurotactin-mediated cell adhesion and axon fasciculation in Drosophila

Neurotactin (NRT), a member of the cholinesterase-homologous protein family, is a heterophilic cell adhesion molecule that is required for proper axon guidance during Drosophila development. In this study, we identify amalgam (AMA), a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, as a ligand for the NRT receptor. Using transfected Schneider 2 cells and embryonic primary cultures, we demonstrate that AMA is a secreted protein. Furthermore, AMA is necessary for NRT-expressing cells both to aggregate with themselves and to associate with embryonic primary culture cells. Aggregation assays performed with truncated NRT molecules reveal that the integrity of the cholinesterase-like extracellular domain was not required either for AMA binding or for adhesion, with only amino acids 347–482 of the extracellular domain being necessary for both activities. Moreover, the NRT cytoplasmic domain is required for NRT-mediated adhesion, although not for AMA binding. Using an ama-deficient stock, we find that ama function is not essential for viability. Pupae deficient for ama do exhibit defasciculation defects of the ocellar nerves similar to those found in nrt mutants

NiCo Buster: Engineering E. coli for fast and efficient capture of cobalt and nickel

cited By 11International audienceBackground: Metal contamination is widespread and results from natural geogenic and constantly increasing anthropogenic sources (mainly mining and extraction activities, electroplating, battery and steel manufacturing or metal finishing). Consequently, there is a growing need for methods to detoxify polluted ecosystems. Industrial wastewater, surface water and ground water need to be decontaminated to alleviate the contamination of soils and sediments and, ultimately, the human food chain. In nuclear power plants, radioactive metals are produced; these metals need to be removed from effluents before they are released into the environment, not only for pollution prevention but also for waste minimization. Many physicochemical methods have been developed for metal removal from aqueous solutions, including chemical coagulation, adsorption, extraction, ion exchange and membrane separation; however, these methods are generally not metal selective. Bacteria, because they contain metal transporters, provide a potentially competitive alternative to the current use of expensive and high-volume ion-exchange resins.Results: The feasibility of using bacterial biofilters as efficient tools for nickel and cobalt ions specific remediation was investigated. Among the factors susceptible to genetic modification in Escherichia coli, specific efflux and sequestration systems were engineered to improve its metal sequestration abilities. Genomic suppression of the RcnA nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) efflux system was combined with the plasmid-controlled expression of a genetically improved version of a specific metallic transporter, NiCoT, which originates from Novosphingobium aromaticivorans. The resulting strain exhibited enhanced nickel (II) and cobalt (II) uptake, with a maximum metal ion accumulation of 6 mg/g bacterial dry weight during 10 min of treatment. A synthetic adherence operon was successfully introduced into the plasmid carrying the improved NiCoT transporter, conferring the ability to form thick biofilm structures, especially when exposed to nickel and cobalt metallic compounds.Conclusions: This study demonstrates the efficient use of genetic engineering to increase metal sequestration and biofilm formation by E. coli. This method allows Co and Ni contaminants to be sequestered while spatially confining the bacteria to an abiotic support. Biofiltration of nickel (II) and cobalt (II) by immobilized cells is therefore a promising option for treating these contaminants at an industrial scale

“NiCo Buster”: engineering E. coli for fast and efficient capture of cobalt and nickel

BACKGROUND: Metal contamination is widespread and results from natural geogenic and constantly increasing anthropogenic sources (mainly mining and extraction activities, electroplating, battery and steel manufacturing or metal finishing). Consequently, there is a growing need for methods to detoxify polluted ecosystems. Industrial wastewater, surface water and ground water need to be decontaminated to alleviate the contamination of soils and sediments and, ultimately, the human food chain. In nuclear power plants, radioactive metals are produced; these metals need to be removed from effluents before they are released into the environment, not only for pollution prevention but also for waste minimization. Many physicochemical methods have been developed for metal removal from aqueous solutions, including chemical coagulation, adsorption, extraction, ion exchange and membrane separation; however, these methods are generally not metal selective. Bacteria, because they contain metal transporters, provide a potentially competitive alternative to the current use of expensive and high-volume ion-exchange resins. RESULTS: The feasibility of using bacterial biofilters as efficient tools for nickel and cobalt ions specific remediation was investigated. Among the factors susceptible to genetic modification in Escherichia coli, specific efflux and sequestration systems were engineered to improve its metal sequestration abilities. Genomic suppression of the RcnA nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) efflux system was combined with the plasmid-controlled expression of a genetically improved version of a specific metallic transporter, NiCoT, which originates from Novosphingobium aromaticivorans. The resulting strain exhibited enhanced nickel (II) and cobalt (II) uptake, with a maximum metal ion accumulation of 6 mg/g bacterial dry weight during 10 min of treatment. A synthetic adherence operon was successfully introduced into the plasmid carrying the improved NiCoT transporter, conferring the ability to form thick biofilm structures, especially when exposed to nickel and cobalt metallic compounds. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the efficient use of genetic engineering to increase metal sequestration and biofilm formation by E. coli. This method allows Co and Ni contaminants to be sequestered while spatially confining the bacteria to an abiotic support. Biofiltration of nickel (II) and cobalt (II) by immobilized cells is therefore a promising option for treating these contaminants at an industrial scale