«If I am not doing music, I am not doing anything.» - A qualitative study, which via group interviews of seven students in the music major at upper secondary school, and a master’s student’s autonarrative seeks to create an understanding of the importance of music for young people.

Master i musikk- og ensembleledelse Nord universitet 202

Factors that are important for breastfeeding among Scandinavian women : a rapid review

Morsmelk er den beste maten for barnet, og kan ha en positiv effekt på immunforsvaret. Det er ønskelig å opprettholde og øke andelen i befolkningen som ammer. Målet med denne oppgaven er å kartlegge faktorer som har sammenheng med amming og dermed oppnå en forståelse for hva som påvirker amming blant skandinaviske kvinner. På bakgrunn av dette er problemstillingen: "Hvilke faktorer er det som har betydning for amming blant skandinaviske kvinner?". Denne masteroppgaven baserer seg på en litteraturstudie. Rapid review ble ansett som en egnet metode for å kartlegge faktorer som kunne belyse tematikken og besvare problemstillingen innenfor de rammene som var gitt. Litteratursøket ble gjennomført i databasene Ovid Medline, Embase og Cinahl. Referansene ble gjennomgått og sortert etter forhåndsbestemte kriterier, før artikler som ble ansett som relevante for problemstillingen ble valgt ut for analyse og syntese. Litteratursøket resulterte i 708 treff og totalt 20 inkluderte artikler. Artiklene baserte seg på studier med både kvantitativt og kvalitativt design. Funnene er sortert med utgangspunkt i den sosiale helsemodellen, og etter identifiserte tema. Resultatene fra denne masteroppgaven antyder at ulike sosiale, kulturelle og miljømessige forhold påvirker hvorvidt kvinner ammer eller ikke, samt varigheten av denne. Blant disse er kvinnens utdannelsesnivå, alder, etnisitet og kulturell bakgrunn, og om hun er førstegangsfødende eller ikke. Holdninger til ammingen, sosial støtte og støtte fra helsepersonell kan også ha betydning. Det samme gjør kunnskap om amming og hvorvidt man er komfortabel med å amme i offentligheten. Sosiale, kulturelle og politiske forhold, levekår og individuelle sosioøkonomiske faktorer har betydning for amming blant skandinaviske kvinner. Sosiale nettverk og støtte, og individuelle faktorer synes å ha vesentlig betydning. I folkehelsearbeid er det viktig å ha kjennskap til disse faktorene. Det er behov for ytterligere forskning på sammenhenger mellom amming og individuelle livsstilsfaktorer.Breast milk is the ideal food for an infant and can have a positive effect on its immune system. It is desirable to maintain and increase the proportion of the population who breastfeed. The purpose of this thesis is to map factors that have an impact on breastfeeding and thus gain an understanding of the underlying factors affects breastfeeding among Scandinavian women. On this basis, the research question is as follows: "What factors are important for breastfeeding among Scandinavian women?". This master's thesis is based on a literature review. Rapid review was considered a suitable method for mapping factors that could shed light on the topic and answer the question within the framework of the thesis. Data collection was conducted in the databases Ovid Medline, Embase and Cinahl. The references were reviewed and sorted according to predetermined criteria, before articles that were considered relevant to the problem were selected for further analysis and subsequently synthesized. The literature search resulted in 708 results and a total of 20 included articles. The articles were based on studies with both quantitative and qualitative design. The findings are sorted according to the social health model, and by identified topics. The results of this master's thesis indicate that there is a multitude of social, cultural, and environmental conditions that affect whether women breastfeed or not, as well as the duration of this. Among these are the woman's level of education, age, ethnicity, and cultural background, and whether she is a first-time mother or not. Attitudes towards breastfeeding, social support and support from health professionals can also have an impact. The same goes for knowledge about breastfeeding and whether one is comfortable breastfeeding in public. Social, cultural and political conditions, as well as living conditions and individual socio- economic factors are important for breastfeeding among Scandinavian women. Social networks and support, and individual factors seem to be of significant importance. In public health work it is important to have a strong understanding of these factors. There is a need for further research on the relationship between breastfeeding and individual lifestyle factors.M-FO

Prosjekt utdanningspost : et samarbeid mellom Fjeldberg sykehjem og Høgskolen i Østfold Undervisningssykehjemprosjektet

Rapporten beskriver resultatene fra en praksisperiode der 18 studenter hadde praksisstudier i en korttidsavdeling ved Fjeldberg sykehjem i Fredrikstad våren 2002. Prosjektet er et delprosjekt under det nasjonale Undervisningssykehjemsprosjektet. I løpet av praksisperioden overtok studentene den daglige driften, samt pleie- og omsorgsoppgavene i avdelingen på dag og kveld i to uker, i nært samarbeid med to lærere (delprosjektlederne). De ansatte ved sykehjemmet var i disse periodene på kompetansehevende kurs i et selvvalgt tema, dokumentasjon, ved Høgskolen i Østfold. Noen hospiterte ut fra faglige interesseområder, både i overtakelsesuke og ellers i løpet av prosjektperioden. Studentene svarte på et spørreskjema før og etter praksisperioden. Resultatene fra undersøkelsen etter praksisperioden viste at studentene var spesielt fornøyd med overtakelsesperiodene. Da fikk studentene mer ansvar for arbeidet ved posten. De uttrykte tilfredshet i forhold til å få mer ansvar, blant annet gjennom å fungere som gruppeleder. Resultatene fra undersøkelsen viser at planleggingen var svært viktig for gjennomføringen av praksisperioden. Studentene oppga at det hadde vært svært nyttig å samarbeide med andre studenter. Noen ansatte opplevde at ansvarsfordelingen mellom ansatte og studenter var litt uklar. Dette ble tatt opp underveis, og var viktig for å få til et godt samarbeid. Kommunikasjon gjennom et omfattende opplegg med så mange aktører er utfordrende. Det hadde vært nyttig å ha flere deltakere i prosjektplanleggingen fra avdelingen. Ansatte ved avdelingen hospiterte, deltok på kurs med mer i overtakelsesukene. Resultatene fra undersøkelsen viser at flere av de ansatte opplevde at de gjennom prosjektet fikk mulighet til å oppdatere seg faglig En gruppe ansatte mente prosjektet hadde vært belastende for avdelingen, mens flere pekte på at det hadde vært avlastende å ha studentene i avdelingen. Formen for prosjekt anbefales. Spesielt positivt er det at studentene føler at de oppøver selvstendighet og ansvar gjennom denne formen for praksisstudier. Studentene lærer veldig mye av hverandre. For pasientene innebar det at hjelperne hadde bedre tid til dem, kunne iverksette flere sosiale tiltak og at studentene gjerne ville utøve god, individuelt tilpasset sykepleie. Lærerollen gir god mulighet til å gå sammen med studentene og reflektere sammen over situasjoner som studenter og lærer sammen har erfart

They Just Came with the Medication Dispenser’ – A Qualitative Study of Service User Involvement and Welfare Technology in Public Home Care Services

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User involvement in the implementation of welfare technology in home care services: The experience of health professionals—A qualitative study

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Adolescence internalizing problems as a mediator between autism diagnosis in childhood and quality of life in emerging adults with and without autism: a 10-year longitudinal study

© The Author(s) 2023. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.Background Individuals with autism tend to have a reduced quality of life across their lifespan. This reduced quality of life may be a result of autism traits, mental distress, and poor person/environment fit. In this longitudinal study, we looked at the role of adolescence internalizing and externalizing problems in mediating the relationship between having an autism diagnosis from childhood and perceived quality of life as emerging adults.Methods A total of 66 participants in a group of emerging adults with autism (mean age 22.2 years), and without autism (mean age 20.9 years) were assessed in three assessment waves (T1 at 12 years, T2 at 14 years, and T3 at 22 years of age). Parents filled out the Child Behavior Checklist at T2 and participants filled out the Perceived Quality of Life Questionnaire at T3. Total and indirect effects were tested in serial mediation analysis.Results The results showed that internalizing problems fully mediated the association between childhood autism diagnosis and the quality of life in emerging adulthood, while externalizing problems did not.Conclusion Our findings suggest that attention to adolescent internalizing problems is important to improve the later quality of life for emerging adults with autism.publishedVersio

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder persistence from childhood into young adult age: a 10-year longitudinal study

Problems with executive function (EF) are considered a hallmark of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, little is known about the developmental pathway of everyday EF in these two groups, and whether the two groups follow a similar or different developmental course. In this longitudinal study, children and adolescents with ADHD (n = 84, Mage = 11.6, SD = 2.0), ASD (n = 38, Mage = 12.0, SD = 2.3), and typically developing children (TDC; n = 50, Mage = 11.6, SD = 2.0) were clinically diagnosed and assessed with parent-ratings of everyday EF at baseline and at two-year followup (97% retention). Results showed that both individuals with ADHD and individuals with ASD displayed elevated levels of everyday EF problems relative to the TDC at baseline (Hedges g = 1.99 to 2.99). Over the two-year period, everyday EF improved in individuals with ADHD relative to the TDC, whereas individuals with ASD displayed no improvement relative to the TDC. At two-year followup, individuals with ADHD and individuals with ASD continued to display elevated levels of everyday EF problems relative to the TDC (Hedges g = 1.61 to 3.19).submittedVersio

Personality factors predict sleep-related shift work tolerance in different shifts at 2-year follow-up: a prospective study

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the personality variables morningness, flexibility, languidity and hardiness could predict sleep-related shift work tolerance for the day, evening and night shifts, respectively. Design: Prospective study design with questionnaires administered in winter 2008/2009 (wave 1) and 2 years later in spring 2011 (wave 3). Setting: Different healthcare institutions in Norway. Participants: The sample comprised in all 700 nurses working a three-shift rotating schedule. Primary and secondary outcome measures: The personality variables were assessed at wave 1, as were the demographic, lifestyle and work-related variables. Sleep-related shift work tolerance, assessed at wave 3, was measured separately for the day, evening and night shifts with the Bergen Shift Work Sleep Questionnaire. Results: Morningness was positively associated with sleep-related day shift tolerance (p<0.001). Flexibility was positively associated with sleep-related tolerance for the evening as well as night shift (p<0.001). Furthermore, languidity was negatively associated with sleep-related shift tolerance for the day, evening and night shifts (p<0.001, <0.01, <0.05, respectively). Hardiness was positively associated with sleep-related tolerance for the day, evening and night shifts (p<0.001, <0.01, <0.05, respectively). Age was negatively associated with sleeprelated shift tolerance for the day, night (p<0.01) and evening shifts (p<0.001). Conclusions: The findings indicate that hardiness and languidity predict sleep-related shift work tolerance across all shift types among shift working nurses. The effects of flexibility and morningness seem to depend on the shift schedule. By and large, our results are in accordance with previous studies; however, we have now demonstrated the prospective importance of personality in relation to sleep-related shift work tolerance across different shifts.publishedVersio