La réintroduction de l'Italie dans l'univers politico-culturel français après la Seconde Guerre mondiale : réseaux intellectuels et médiateurs culturels

International audienceBeing attracted by the neo-realism culture and also by the Italian political and ideological debates, some Intellectuals, acting as cultural mediators and using many intellectual networks, have reintroduced Italy in France after the second world war.Three factors can explain means and actors of this process. The first historical and political factor reflects the closed relationship between politic Italian emigrants and some French intellectuals before 1945, which allow them to assume a mediator function after the war. The two other factors are cultural, one corresponding to the editorial sphere, the second to the Esprit periodical intellectual network.Ignored by the public opinion, which preference is given into more stereotyped works and images, the notoriety of this Italy is then confined within the limits of a small cultural elite.Séduits par sa culture néo-réaliste et ses débats politico-idéologiques, des intellectuels, faisant œuvre de médiateurs culturels et utilisant divers réseaux, réintroduisent l’Italie en France au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Trois facteurs sont susceptibles de mettre en lumière modalités et acteurs de ces processus. L’un, historico-politique, renvoie aux liens tissés avant 1945 entre émigrés politiques italiens et des intellectuels français, contacts conduisant ceux-ci à exercer une fonction médiatrice après 1945. Les deux autres sont d’ordre culturel et concernent, l’un la sphère éditoriale, l’autre les réseaux intellectuels liés à la revue Esprit.Ignorée de l’opinion publique qui lui préfère des œuvres et des images plus stéréotypées, la notoriété de cette Italie-là ne franchit guère les limites d’une mince élite culturelle

Analysis of conference abstract-to-publication rate in UK orthopaedic research

Presentation of research at orthopaedic conferences is an important component for surgical evidence-based practice. However, there remains uncertainty as to how many conference abstracts proceed to achieve full-text publication for wider dissemination. This study aimed to determine the abstract-to-publication rate (APR) of research presented in the largest hip and knee orthopaedic meetings in the UK, and to identify predictive factors which influence the APR.All published abstracts (N=744) from the 2006, 2008, 2009 and 2010 British Hip Society (BHS) and the 2007, 2009, 2010, and 2011 British Association for Surgery of the Knee (BASK) annual conference meetings were examined by four researchers independently. To determine whether abstracts had been published in full-text form, Google Scholar, Medline and EMBASE evidence databases were used to verify full-text publication (FTP) status. Variables including: sample size, statistical significance, grade of the first author, research affiliated institution and research design were extracted and analysed to identify whether these were associated with FTP.176 out of 744 abstracts achieved FTP status (APR: 23.7%). Factors associated with FTP status included statistically significant results (p0.05).APR of the assessed BHS and BASK annual conference presentations are low in comparison to other scientific meetings. Encouragement should be provided to clinicians and academics to submit their work for publication to address this short-fall, thereby enhancing the potential for full-text research publications to inform evidence-based orthopaedics

Les élites culturelles et la diffusion du cinéma italien en France, 1945-1970

From 1945 to the seventies, the main contributors of the Italian cinema reached a very high level of creativity. Succeeding to the 1940-1950 neorealist movie renewal period, the two decades 1950-1970 were also dominated by major movie directors and some distinct artistic trends.Being introduced and analyzed in France by the intellectuals – these ones acting as cultural mediators – the Italian movie production aroused the enthusiasm of the cultural elite. While the neorealist trend was promoted by some exegetes identifying themselves to the political engaged Italian elite, the years from 1960 to 1970 let merge and grow the involvement of professional cultural mediators actually working for the broadcasting of the Italian movies in France. Using the mass media, these last ones allow the Italian movies to meet a larger in France during this period.De 1945 aux années 1970, toute une partie du cinéma italien atteint des sommets créatifs : au renouveau néo-réaliste des années 1940-1950 succèdent deux décennies dominées par des metteurs en scène majeurs et quelques courants aux contours bien définis. Introduite en France et analysée par des médiateurs culturels, cette production cinématographique suscite l’engouement des élites culturelles. Si les exégètes du néo-réalisme s’identifient à une élite marquée par l’engagement politique, les années 1960 et 1970 voient intervenir de manière croissante, pour diffuser le cinéma transalpin en France, des médiateurs culturels désormais professionnels. Utilisant le relais de médias de masse, ceux-ci permettent aux films italiens d’atteindre un public plus vaste qu’au cours de la précédente période

Neubau des Lehrtraktes der Anatomie

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ArMedEa project : archaeology of medieval earthquakes in Europe (1000-1550 AD). First research activities.

This paper introduces the research of the Armedea project. Armedea (Archaeology of medieval earthquakes in Europe, 1000-1550 AD) is a medieval archaeology project undertaken at the Department of Archaeology of Durham University which analyses archaeological evidence related to late medieval seismic-affected contexts at a European scale. This project is therefore focused on both earthquake effects on archaeological sites, their standing buildings and environment, and the archaeological evidence that reveals the response of medieval societies in terms of risk reduction, protection and resilience. A first preview of GIS analysis of seismic activity impact on medieval societies and fieldwork activities carried out in Italy, Cyprus and Azores (Portugal) is presented here. This research is supported by a Marie Curie Intra European Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme

Estudo fenológico de espécies arbóreas da floresta ombrófila mista (floresta com araucária), no Município de Colombo-PR.

Resumo

Dental caries and food practices among children attending daycare centers in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated associations between the prevalence of dental caries and introduction of complementary foods in children aged 11 to 34 months attending daycare centers. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 288 children from eight daycare centers in São Paulo, 2007. The modified decay-missing-filled index, used for diagnosis, was investigated by a team of three trained dentists aiming at precision and accuracy. Food introduction was assessed using a pre-codified and pre-tested questionnaire. The Chisquare test was used to quantify associations and logistic regression models (p<0.05) were adjusted for multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 228 children aged 11 to 34 months (M=24 months, SD=6.02). Of these, 53.9% were male and 57.45% attended philanthropic daycare centers. Seventy-seven percent of the sample had modified decay-missing-filled index ≥1 and the average modified decay-missing-filled index of the population is 3.8. Significant risk factors according to modified decay-missing-filled index were being male (OR=1.815, p=0.03) and paternal formal education of less than eight years (OR=1.94, p=0.02). The logistic regression model identified the exposure to simple carbohydrates as an independent risk factor, after controlling for the effects of sex and parental educational. Such exposure increased the chances of having modified decay-missing-filled index ≥1 by 2.5 times. CONCLUSION: Special attention should be given to this group of individuals, implementing preventive policies in oral health and building healthy food habits in daycare centers.OBJETIVO: Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar associações entre a cárie dentária e a introdução de alimentos complementares em crianças de 11 a 34 meses matriculadas em creches. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo transversal com 288 crianças de oito creches do município de São Paulo, realizado em 2007. Para o diagnóstico da cárie dentária foi utilizado o Índice de Cárie Modificado, que foi investigado por uma equipe de três cirurgiãs-dentistas treinadas quanto à precisão e acurácia. A introdução de alimentos foi avaliada por meio de questionário pré-codificado e pré-testado. Para quantificar as associações foi utilizado o teste Quiquadrado. Para análise multivariada foram ajustados modelos de regressão logística (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: Foram examinadas 228 crianças com idade entre 11 e 34 meses (M=24 meses; Dp=6,02), das quais 53,9% eram do sexo masculino e 57,45% frequentavam creches filantrópicas. A maioria da amostra (77,0%) apresentou Índice de Cárie Modificado igual ou superior a 1, enquanto o índice médio encontrado foi de 3,8 cáries por criança. Como fatores de risco significantes, foram identificados o sexo masculino (OR=1,815; p=0,03) e a escolaridade paterna inferior a oito anos (OR=1,94; p=0,02). O modelo de regressão logística identificou a exposição a carboidratos simples como fator de risco independente após o controle dos efeitos de sexo e escolaridade paterna, responsável por aumento de 2,5 vezes nas chances de apresentar o Índice de Cárie Modificado igual ou superior a 1. CONCLUSÃO: Atenção especial deve ser dada a esse grupo de indivíduos, adotando-se políticas preventivas em saúde bucal e formação de hábitos alimentares saudáveis nas creches.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de PediatriaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de PediatriaSciEL

A report on the role of the support teacher (learning difficulties) in regular schools in Queensland in 1999

In recent years there has been a noticeable change in the focus of the role of teachers who provide support for children with learning difficulties or disabilities. This report outlines the finding of research undertaken in 1999 to clarify and document the role of the Support Teacher (Learning Difficulties) in regular schools in Queensland. Support teachers (N=196) responded to a postal questionnaire about a range of issues associated with their role including time allocation, training, activities required, types of provision of support, identification and assessment, and school policy. In addition, information was obtained on the demographics of their position and about students with impairments and students with special educational needs in their schools

Action, objective, intersubjectivity: towards a theory of social action

The reflection on intersubjectivity is a central question in the contemporary philosophical debate. In this field, current practical philosophy faces one of the most difficult challenges. Apparently, the research for a foundation of the intersubjective level seems to lead inevitably towards the abandonment of the logical-foundation theory on which the philosophy had been based up until Hegel. In this report, however, I would like to attempt something different. That is, I would like to explore the possibility of inserting the subject of intersubjectivity right into the heart of Hegelian thinking, with an aim to outline the foundation of a social action theory capable of exhibiting reasons stronger than those deriving from simple dialogic validation. It is possible, as Ho sle believed, that Hegel himself did not take this aspect of the profound dynamics of his thought too seriously, and that he had not prepared the notional categories to be able to think about it in depth. Nevertheless, the theoretical foundations of intersubjectivity, brought back to its Hegelian roots, is the fundamental cornerstone upon which to build the logical-rational foundations of social actio