National Policy on Technical Assistance and Rural Extension and Social Work: the field to challenge

Discute a PNATER, tendo como enfoque a atuação do Assistente Social enquanto membro da equipe técnica. Fundamenta-se na perspectiva crítica, com base no materialismo histórico dialético e foi realizada através de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e empírica. Está organizado em quatro sessões, que tratam sequencialmente sobre: a trajetória histórica das ações de assistência técnica e extensão rural; a PNATER na atualidade e os desafios de sua execução; a atenção à área social como tarefa premente; e a atuação do Serviço Social, enquanto técnico de ATER. Indica-se a necessidade de superação dos limites da política, dentre os quais está o enfoque tecnológico e desenvolvimentista; a necessária visibilidade do âmbito social na execução da mesma; e as possibilidades de atuação do Assistente Social como agente de ATER.Discusses the PNATER, focusing on the role of the social worker as a member of the technical staff. Based on the critical perspective on the basis of dialectical and historical materialism was conducted through bibliographic research, documentary and empirical. It is organized into four sections, which deal sequentially on: the historical trajectory of the actions of technical assistance and rural extension, the PNATER today and the challenges of its implementation; attention to the social job as urgent, and the role of Social Work while ATER technical. Indicates the necessity of overcoming the limits of the policy, among whom are the technological and developmentalist approach, the necessary visibility of the social context in the execution of the same, and the possibilities of acting of the social worker as agent of ATER

A assistência do enfermeiro ao trabalho de parto em tempos de pandemia: The nurse’s support to women in labor during pandemic times

Introdução: A rápida propagação de um vírus desconhecido, o SARS-CoV-2, ocasionou o aumento na demanda dos cuidados sobrecarregando os hospitais, e principalmente os profissionais da enfermagem. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi abordar como o período pandêmico influenciou na assistência do enfermeiro ao trabalho de parto. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática com abordagem qualitativa de caráter exploratório. Resultado: Foi realizada uma análise entre os artigos selecionados com o intuito de identificar o que mais sobressaiu entre: ano, revista, local, predomínio de estudos de caráter unidisciplinar ou multidisciplinar e o método de estudo mais utilizado. Discussão: Após a análise dos estudos foi elaborado um quadro com os cuidados de enfermagem mais recorrentes entre os textos que se modificaram ao decorrer da pandemia. Emergiram-se cinco temáticas repetidas: Acompanhantes, visitas, separação do RN, EPIS’s gestantes, telessaúde. Conclusão: A pesquisa descreveu como a pandemia influenciou na atuação do enfermeiro e no cuidado para com as gestantes nas salas de parto. Identificou não apenas o lado da gestante durante todo o processo do parto, mas também na atuação do enfermeiro que pouco foi abordado nos artigos selecionados

The Schistosoma mansoni cyclophilin A epitope 107-121 induces a protective immune response against schistosomiasis

Great efforts have been made to identify promising antigens and vaccine formulations against schistosomiasis. Among the previously described Schistosoma vaccine candidates, cyclophilins comprise an interesting antigen that could be used for vaccine formulations. Cyclophilin A is the target for the cyclosporine A, a drug with schistosomicide activity, and its orthologue from Schistosoma japonicum induces a protective immune response in mice. Although Schistosoma mansoni cyclophilin A also represents a promising target for anti-schistosome vaccines, its potential to induce protection has not been evaluated. In this study, we characterized the cyclophilin A (SmCyp), initially described as Smp17.7, analyzed its allergenic potential using in vitro functional assays, and evaluated its ability to induce protection in mice when administered as an antigen using different vaccine formulations and strategies. Results indicated that SmCyp could be successfully expressed by mammalian cells and bacteria. The recombinant protein did not promote IgE-reporter system activation in vitro, demonstrating its probable safety for use in vaccine formulations. T and B-cell epitopes were predicted in the SmCyp sequence, with two of them located within the active isomerase site. The most immunogenic antigen, SmCyp (107–121), was then used for immunization protocols. Immunization with the SmCyp gene or protein failed to reduce parasite burden but induced an immune response that modulated the granuloma area. In contrast, immunization with the synthetic peptide SmCyp (107–121) significantly reduced worm burden (48–50%) in comparison to control group, but did not regulate liver pathology. Moreover, the protection observed in mice immunized with the synthetic peptide was associated with the significant production of antibodies against the SmCyp (107–121) epitope. Therefore, in this study, we identified an epitope within the SmCyp sequence that induces a protective immune response against the parasite, thus representing a promising antigen that could be used for vaccine formulation against schistosomiasis

Changes in infant and neonatal mortality and associated factors in eight cohorts from three Brazilian cities

Stillbirth (SBR), perinatal (PMR), neonatal (NMR) and infant mortality rates (IMR) are declining in Brazil and the factors associated with these falls are still being investigated. The objective of the present study was to assess changes in SBR, PMR, NMR and IMR over time and to determine the factors associated with changes in NMR and IMR in eight Brazilian cohorts. All cohorts are population-based (Ribeirão Preto in 1978/79, 1994 and 2010; Pelotas in 1982, 1993 and 2004; and São Luís in 1997/98 and 2010). Were included data on 41440 children. All indicators were decreased, except in the city of Pelotas, from 1993 to 2004, and except SBR in São Luís. Sociodemographic variables seem to be able to explain reductions of NMR and IMR in Ribeirão Preto, from 1978/79 to 1994, and in São Luís. In Ribeirão Preto, from 1994 to 2010 declines in NMR and IMR seem to be explained by reductions in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Newborn’s gestational age had diminished in all cohorts, preventing even greater reductions of NMR and IMR. Improved sociodemographic variables and reduction of IUGR, seem to be able to explain part of the decrease observed. NMR and IMR could have been reduced even more, were it not for the worsening in gestational age distribution

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3 e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

Updated cardiovascular prevention guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology: 2019

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