Biologisk veiledningsprøving 2022. Skadedyrmidler

I 2022 ble det utført forsøk med skadedyrmidler i frukt og bær, og anlagt et forsøk i hodekål. I eple er det utført forsøk med ulike kjemiske og biologiske plantevernmidler mot blodlus (Eriosoma lanigerum), rognebærmøll (Argyresthia conjugella) og andre sommerfuglarter. I søtkirsebær er det utført et forsøk med feller med gjærlukt kombinert med farge for å øke fangsten og eventuelt også bekjempelse av kirsebærflue (Rhagoletis cerasi). Det er også utført forsøk med alternative midler mot bringebærbarkgallmygg (Resseliella theobaldi) i økologisk bringebær. Forsøket mot kålmøll i hodekål ble anlagt og delvis registrert, men ikke fullført på grunn av svakt angrep. Forsøkene og enkelte forsøksledd er finansiert av ulike prosjekter og finansieringskilder.Biologisk veiledningsprøving 2022. SkadedyrmidlerpublishedVersio

VIPS- A WEB-BASED DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR CROP PROTECTION IN NORWAY.

In Norway, a web-based warning system called VIPS has been developed under a national government funded programme for reduced risk of pesticides used in agriculture. VIPS is a collaboration project between the Norwegian Crop Research Institute, Plant Protection Centre and the Norwegian Agricultural Extension Service. The aim of VIPS is to give open access to all the information needed for farmers to reduce their reliance on pesticides. VIPS calculates warnings for more than 70 weather stations for several pests and diseases in selected fruits, vegetables and cereals. Registered users may adjust the climatic data used in the models and register field observations to get private warnings and use the system to record farm-practices. VIPS is unique in several aspects: ��A general user-interface for all crops and all pests and diseases; the user gets a quick overview of which pests to look out for. ��Warnings are site specific and linked to an authorized weather station which supplies validated meteorological data. The extension service supplies the validated biological data necessary to run the models. ��The presentation is layered under the weather stations of each county. First level gives information of danger (red), possible danger (yellow) and no danger (green) for each model (past five days/coming five days). The next 3 levels give information of the specific model, historical data and exact values of the input parameters used in the models for the calculations. PROGNOSIS AND WARNINGS IN NORWAY In Norway potato late blight warnings has been produced and disseminated since 1957. These warnings were based on daily weather prognosis prepared by the Norwegian Meteorological Institute and disseminated through television together with the weather forecast. Apple fruit moth Decision support system, warnings, weather data prognosis has been given since 1979 and cereal disease warnings started in 1982. NORPRE (Magnus et al., 1991),

Feeding of turnip root fly (Delia floralis) and cabbage root fly (Delia radicum) larvae on Brassica napus L. transgenic MINELESS plants – Effects on insect development

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Anti-resistensstrategi: skadedyr i vårkorn

Alle skadedyr kan utvikle resistens mot kjemiske midler dersom det sprøytes for ensidig og ofte. Dette temaarket gir informasjon om hvordan risikoen for resistens kan reduseres hos de viktigste skadedyrene i vårkorn (bygg, havre og hvete)

Anti-resistensstrategi: skadedyr i vårkorn

Alle skadedyr kan utvikle resistens mot kjemiske midler dersom det sprøytes for ensidig og ofte. Dette temaarket gir informasjon om hvordan risikoen for resistens kan reduseres hos de viktigste skadedyrene i vårkorn (bygg, havre og hvete).publishedVersio

Entomophthoralean fungi overwinter with the bird cherry-oat aphid on bird cherry trees

In Scandinavia, the bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi overwinter as eggs on the bird cherry tree Prunus padus. Branches of P. padus were collected at the late February / early March from 17 locations in Norway over a three-year period. We found 3599 overwintering aphid eggs, 59.5% of which were dead. Further, a total of 879 overwintering fungus-killed cadavers were observed. These cadavers were found close to bud axils, where overwintering eggs were also usually attached. Cadavers were infected with either Zoophthora cf. aphidis or Entomophthora planchoniana. All the fungal-killed cadavers were filled with overwintering structures of Z. cf. aphidis (as resting spores) or E. planchoniana (as modified hyphal bodies). We found a significant negative correlation between eggs and cadavers per branch. However, both numbers of eggs and cadavers varied greatly between years and among tree locations. This is the first report of E. planchoniana overwintering in R. padi cadavers as modified hyphal bodies. We discuss whether P. padus may act as an inoculum reservoir for fungi infecting aphids in cereals in spring.Entomophthoralean fungi overwinter with the bird cherry-oat aphid on bird cherry treespublishedVersio

Precision fish farming: A new framework to improve production in aquaculture

Aquaculture production of finfish has seen rapid growth in production volume and economic yield over the last decades, and is today a key provider of seafood. As the scale of production increases, so does the likelihood that the industry will face emerging biological, economic and social challenges that may influence the ability to maintain ethically sound, productive and environmentally friendly production of fish. It is therefore important that the industry aspires to monitor and control the effects of these challenges to avoid also upscaling potential problems when upscaling production. We introduce the Precision Fish Farming (PFF) concept whose aim is to apply control-engineering principles to fish production, thereby improving the farmer's ability to monitor, control and document biological processes in fish farms. By adapting several core principles from Precision Livestock Farming (PLF), and accounting for the boundary conditions and possibilities that are particular to farming operations in the aquatic environment, PFF will contribute to moving commercial aquaculture from the traditional experience-based to a knowledge-based production regime. This can only be achieved through increased use of emerging technologies and automated systems. We have also reviewed existing technological solutions that could represent important components in future PFF applications. To illustrate the potential of such applications, we have defined four case studies aimed at solving specific challenges related to biomass monitoring, control of feed delivery, parasite monitoring and management of crowding operations