From Bishop to President: historical and mediatic constructions of the Paraguayan president Fernando Lugo in brazilian weekly magazines

This article’s purpose is to understand the historical and mediatic constructions made bay brazilian magazines about Bishop Fernando Lugo, in its path from priesthood to president of Paraguay in 2008, and the repercussions of those in the diplomatic relations between the two countries. The research identified, analyzed and questioned the communication processes promoted by the brazilian ma- gazines Carta Capital, Época, Isto É and Veja, from 2007 to 2010, questioning and problematizing the construction of the symbolic representation of the new politi- cal actor, Paraguayan president Fernando Lugo

Developing meaningful learning in instrumental lessons: a study on the role of teaching and learning cues

Meaningful learning is a process in which new information is related to previously learned ideas. This process is a fundamental pillar in education and it is based on the negotiation of common meanings between teachers and students. Although its importance has been recognized in different fields, in instrumental teaching meaningful learning is still not widely explored. Literature in this field suggests that teachers spend great part of time talking, employing a linear discourse, while students assume a passive attitude in the lessons. Despite some authors started to claim a change in this paradigm, there is still room to understand how meaningful learning might be promoted in instrumental lessons. The purpose of this study was to understand the role of teaching and learning cues, i.e., summarized information used to decrease the overload of information, in one-to-one instrumental lessons. In order to achieve this aim, two cases studies embedded in an action- research project were conducted. The participants were the author, who taught violin through a social project and two students; i.e., one boy and one girl, aged respectively 4 and 7 years old. They were violin beginners who had the first contact with the instrument in this project. A total of 9 one-to-one violin lessons per case study were led and video recorded. An interview was conducted with each participant and their parents before the first lesson to map the students profile. Selected parts of the lessons where teaching and learning cues were used were transcribed and analysed, The preliminary results shows that teaching and learning cues have been acting to enhance: (i) individual constructions: students’ self- constructions of concepts and meanings. This was observed through a spontaneous creation of their own vocabulary or throughout teacher’ support by questioning in order to understand how the student realize a concept; and (ii) shared constructions: teacher and student shared and negotiated construction of meanings and vocabularies. Such aspects were observed through of how the student realizes the content. Although this study is limited to number of students and lessons, it is possible to recognize that the conscious use of teaching cues and specially learning cues, can foster a student- centered approach, supporting the development of meaningful learning during the lesson.publishe

Desvendando o “jardim secreto”: A comunicação entre professor e aluno no ensino individual do instrumento

The purpose of this article is to present a discussion on the existing paradigm of instructional communication in one-to-one instrumental lessons. Some authors described individual lessons as something like a ‘secret garden’ compared with the scrutiny given to classroom behavior in schools. In such lessons, to communicate and express ideas about musical meaning has been established as one of six instrumental/vocal teacher roles. However, the overall studies reported that one-to-one instrumental teaching has mostly followed a model characterized by one-way communication from teacher to student. In addition, the literature outlined that instrumental teachers used a specific pedagogical vocabulary to explain and demonstrate a skill. Some strategies for communicating this vocabulary effectively were highlighted and discussed in this article. Regardless of the insights here discussed, the literature review presented indicated few studies focused on instructional communication in one-to-one instrumental lessons. Although this field of research is increasing, some authors claim that the research in instrumental teaching is not following up the current demand for this practice.O presente artigo discute o estado da arte referente à comunicação de instruções no ensino individual do instrumento. Alguns autores descreveram a aula individual como um “jardim secreto”, em comparação com o escrutínio científico dado às aulas de música em grupo. A partir da investigação já feita sobre esta temática foi possível verificar que a comunicação de ideias relacionadas a um significado musical tem sido estabelecida como um dos seis papéis do professor de instrumento/canto. No entanto, a grande parte dos estudos reportam que o ensino instrumental tem seguido, na sua maioria, um modelo caracterizado pela comunicação unidirecional do professor para o aluno. Além disso, a literatura existente tem apontado que os professores de instrumento usam um vocabulário pedagógico específico para explicar e demonstrar uma competência. Algumas estratégias para comunicar este vocabulário de forma efetiva foram destacadas e discutidas neste artigo. Com base na literatura levantada foi possível verificar uma lacuna de estudos focados na comunicação de instruções em aulas individuais de instrumento. Alguns autores sugerem que, embora esta área de investigação esteja aumentando, a investigação no ensino instrumental não está acompanhando a demanda atual da prática.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O raciocínio lógico entendido como disciplina no Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado ao Instituto Latino-Americano de Ciências da Vida e da Natureza da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Especialista em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática para Séries Finais – Ensino fundamental – 6o ao 9o. Orientador: Me. Flávio de Matos Rocha.A Lógica é uma ciência que promove o desenvolvimento do raciocínio, contribuindo para o aprendizado, independente da disciplina que se pretende ensinar. Através de experiências do aprendizado do raciocínio lógico percebe-se o potencial que ele possui se ensinado para os alunos como uma disciplina, já que, para a teoria das inteligências múltiplas, todos os indivíduos possuem diversos tipos de inteligência, em diversos níveis distintos, sendo que toda inteligência pode ser aguçada e trabalhada para que demonstre-se com maior nível. Sendo assim muito melhor seria se tal inteligência contasse com um momento único e favorável para o seu desenvolvimento. Tratado como disciplina, o raciocínio lógico mostra-se como uma ferramenta extremamente importante para o desenvolvimento do aprendizado, que por meio dele parece mais significativo, já que o raciocínio lógico fundamenta com eficiência a construção do raciocínio correto, sendo ele utilizado na resolução de problemas. Por isso, em função dos muitos benefícios proporcionados pela Lógica, ela tem sido utilizada sempre que possível por professores no processo de ensino-aprendizagem nas mais variadas disciplinas, uma vez que os resultados obtidos são extremamente consideráveis. Percebendo essa situação o Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul introduziu em sua grade curricular a disciplina de Raciocínio Lógico, tornando-a uma disciplina que conta com uma hora aula semanal, o qual foi inserido no ensino fundamental das séries finais e ensino médio, trazendo assim conhecimentos específicos da lógica para o ambiente de ensino e aprendizagem, proporcionando aos estudantes mais uma ferramenta útil para o desenvolvimento do seu conhecimento científico e diário.Logic is a science which promotes the development from reasoning, contributing for learning independent from the subject that it wants to teach. By the experiences of learning from logic reasoning it could realise the potential that it has its taught to the studentes like a subject, being that for the multiples intelligences theory, all the individuals have lots of types of intelligences in many differents leves, even that all the intelligence could be promote and worked for shows with a high level. In spite, it will be much better if that intelligence could be supported like an specific moment and favorable to its development. Consider as a subject, the logic reasoning shows it like a tool extremely important for learning development, which seems more significant, since that logic reasoning grounded with efficiency the making from reasoning in a correct way, being used like solving problems. That’s why, in reason of so many benefits given by the logic it has been used always that’s possible by the teachers learning-teaching in the most differents subjects, once that the results gotten are extremely regarded. Realising this situation Mato Grosso do Sul’s state introduced in his curricular grid the logic reasoning subject becoming it a subject which has a weekly class with an hour each, being necessary introduce it at the last classes from elementary school and middle school, bringing this specifics knowledges from logic to teaching and learning environment, providing to the students one more useful tool to development theirs scientific and daily knowledge

Influence of a plasma jet on the hydrodynamics of a helium jet

In this paper, we present a study of the influence of non-equilibrium microplasma jets (“plasma bullets”) on the hydrodynamics of a helium jet operating in open air. The helium jet is produced by a flow of helium through a hollow, cylindrical microdischarge configuration. A plasma jet, triggered by the microdischarge, can propogate in the laminar zone of the helium jet which extends some distance from the exit plane of the microdischarge. We used Schlieren photography to visualize the point of transition from laminar to turbulent regime of the helium jet and the change in the transition point due to the plasma jet for different operating conditions

Rethinking music performance in european higher education music institutions: Portugal case

Portuguese higher music education is still influenced by the traditional conservatory model. Such influence has glossed over the importance of fostering creativity, critical thinking and a culture of enquiry from the earliest stages of learning. The lack of attention to these issues has impeded other career paths in musical performance for students and teachers. In this article we present a national perspective concerning new directions for music performance education based on the identification of the requirements for an artistic career. A selection of 17 Stakeholders were interviewed: music producers and studio directors (2); teachers of related educational programmes (2); students of music performance (3); alumni (4); course directors (3); and Professional performers (2). The questions addressed the key challenges facing the contemporary music industry: training preparations; curriculum evaluation; aspects of instrumental guidance; demands of music performance career; and requirements of a sustainable artistic proposal. From a thematic analysis, two main themes emerged: individual requirements and institutional requirements. The first consists of a set of demands students should face in order to develop a career path as an artist. The second is related to a set of possible improvements in Portuguese HEIs. Results suggest Portuguese institutions should offer a flexible curriculum, creating balanced connections between theory and practice in order to support students' transitions. Other demands include: mentoring; psychophysiological wellbeing, artistic creation, diversified education, project based learning, guidance on technological issues and collaborative music making. In addition, the results also suggest that students should develop technological literacy, knowledge of music industries, entrepreneurship and self-promotion, networking, management skills, a diverse and flexible profile, a contemporary and artistic approach, critical thinking and self-reflection and a deep connection with music production. The results obtained may inform the current discussion on the role of music higher education institutions in Portugal and their possible improvements.publishe

Dual effects of leptin in perioperative gas exchange of morbidly obese patients

Leptin has shown positive effects on respiratory function in experimental settings. The role of leptin on perioperative respiratory function in morbidly obese patients has not been established. We performed a retrospective analysis of morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Fasting serum leptin and interleukin (IL)-6 were measured preoperatively, and arterial blood gases were obtained pre- and postoperatively. Outcome variables were arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), and differences in PaO2 and PaCO2 between pre- and postoperative values (\u394PaO2, \u394PaCO2; postoperative minus preoperative). Patients with lower (<40 \u3bcg/L) and higher ( 6540 \u3bcg/L) leptin levels were compared. Bravais-Pearson's correlation, multiple linear regression, and logistic regression analysis were performed. A total of 112 morbidly obese patients were included. Serum leptin was significantly higher in females than in males (42.86\ub112.89 vs. 30.67\ub113.39 \u3bcg/L, p<0.0001). Leptin was positively correlated with body mass index (r = 0.238; p = 0.011), IL-6 (r = 0.473; p<0.0001), and \u394PaO2 (r = 0.312; p = 0.0008). Leptin was negatively correlated with preoperative PaO2 (r = -0.199; p = 0.035). Preoperative PaO2 was lower, \u394PaCO2 was smaller, and \u394PaO2 was greater in the high leptin group than in the low leptin group. In multiple regression analysis, leptin was negatively associated with preoperative PaO2 (estimate coefficient = -0.147; p = 0.023). In logistic regression analysis, leptin was associated with improved \u394PaO2 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.104; p = 0.0138) and \u394PaCO2 (OR = 0.968; p = 0.0334). Leptin appears to have dual effects related to perioperative gas exchange in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. It is associated with worse preoperative oxygenation but improved respiratory function after surgery

A REINVENÇÃO DA CULTURA GAÚCHA: NA ALMA E NA VOZ DOS CANTAUTORES

RESUMO O presente artigo busca expor e desenvolver uma hipótese analítica relativa à compreensão do sentido imanente a um conjunto de inovações que podem ser observadas contemporaneamente no âmbito artístico da cultura gaúcha. Inovações essas relacionadas à produção fonográfica dos “cantautores” (categoria analítica de inspiração êmica) e aos festivais de imersão para composição de canções — ritual característico da cultura gaúcha. Ao examinar de forma sistemática e qualificada essas inovações e a sua relação com o processo histórico de desenvolvimento da cultura gaúcha na contemporaneidade, a análise chega à conclusão de que o que caracteriza e particulariza esse processo mais amplo é a emergência de um processo de reinvenção cultural que relaciona a globalização, os “cantautores” e os festivais de imersão, através de um “problema” colocado contemporaneamente pela cultura gaúcha relativo à ampliação do seu alcance. Palavras chaves: Cultura Gaúcha. Contemporaneidade. Reinvenção. Cantautores. Festival de Imersão.   ABSTRACT This article seeks to expose and develop an analytical hypothesis related to the immanent meaning to a set of innovations that can be observed contemporarily in the artistic scope of the gaucho culture. These innovations are related to the phonographic production of "cantautores" (analytical category of emic inspiration) and to immersion festivals - a characteristic ritual of the gaucho culture. By systematically and qualifiedly examining these innovations and their relationship with the historical process of contemporary Gaucho culture development, the analysis comes to the conclusion that what characterizes and particularizes this broader process is the emergence of a cultural reinvention process which relates the globalization, the “cantautores” and the immersion festivals, through a “problem” posed by the gaucho culture regarding the expansion of its reach. Keywords: Gaúcha Culture. Contemporaneity. Reinvention. Cantautores. Immersion Festivals

Rethinking music performance in European higher education: testing an artistic-research-based approach

Practices associated with the teaching and learning of music performance historically focus on values and expectations established in the 19th century Western conservatory context and its master-apprentice pedagogical model. In this presentation the impact of a new approach to teaching music performance, based on artistic research, will be described. Such an approach was offered as a teaching and learning activity (REACT training school) promoted by a strategic partnership, funded by the ERASMUS+, that involved 5 European higher music institutions. A total of 17 higher education students took part in the REACT training school. The course was unpacked in 40 hours during one academic week at the University of Aveiro in Portugal. Topics included artistic research, ethics and remix culture, artistic career, artistic projects, health and well-being, social intervention in arts and artistic documentation. The impact of REACT training school was assessed through a qualitative study based on interviews, which were analyzed using a thematic approach. The questions addressed students perspectives on the role of an artistic-research-based learning approach to performance teaching and learning in higher education music institutions. From the thematic analysis two main themes emerged: impact and improvements. The first is related to how the activity affected their artistic and professional path. The second refers to changes to be implemented in future editions. Results suggests that REACT training school opened space for students to think out of the bo, developing a critical and reflexive attitude that embraced news aspects regarding a set of diversified topics as funding, score, curriculum, creativity, theory and practice. At the same time, the results suggests that future editions must open more space to individual mentoring, integrating more profoundly students and instrumental teachers in the activities proposed. The results here presented play an important role in the current discussion regarding the role of artistic research in higher education and how institutions can improve existing artistic and academic practices.publishe

Music, wellbeing and engagement in early childhood: reflections from a pilot study focused on sound as artistic matter

Recent research in Music Education and Music Psychology has established important connections between music and children's wellbeing (Hallam, 2015, 2016; Hallam, Creech & Varvarigou, 2017; Smith, 2021). Consequently, several researchers have highlighted the need to implement more inclusive and democratic practices in formal and non-formal educational contexts, involving all children in participatory and meaningful musical experiences (Benedict et al. 2015; Hess, 2017; Wright, 2015). Following this demand, some scholars have criticized hegemonic Eurocentric approaches to music education, suggesting instead a departure from sound and sounding phenomena as larger categories that might incorporate children's diverse trajectories and life experiences, and invite all children to participate in truly engaged ways (Recharte, 2019; Thumlert & Nolan, 2019; Thumlert, Harley & Nolan, 2020). This paper reports preliminary findings of a pilot study that is being developed in a Portuguese non-profit association located in the central area of Portugal. This association aims to develop inclusive and democratic projects with children from 0 to 6 years old - that are not integrated in other social facilities such as nursery schools or Kindergartens - and their respective families. One of the main goals of this association is to raise the awareness of children's rights among community members and beyond, namely the right children have to free play since their birth. The pilot study covers 12 music education sessions named "Sound Hunters", dedicated to the development of an approach to music education with an intense playful component, departing from sound as artistic matter and involving competences related to deep listening, sound exploration and experimentation. All the activities were planned and implemented in an action-research project, using a series of new devices and tools specially created and adapted to children, that could be easily explored and manipulated by them autonomously. The participants included 15 children with ages ranging from 18 months to 5 years old, the association team and the authors as facilitators. This study applied the Leuven Scales (Laevers, 2005) to assess the children's levels of involvement and wellbeing, using data from participant observation, field notes, and video and audio recordings. Results from this assessment were then triangulated with data from informal conversations and interviews with children and the association team. It was found that, during the periods of observation, children evidenced high and very high levels of wellbeing and involvement, especially manifested in their receptivity to the activities proposed during the sessions, self-confidence and self-assurance, and on their levels of attention, interest, and creativity. These findings were then corroborated by what children mentioned during the interviews and informal conversations about their personal experiences during the sessions. In this paper we argue that these findings emerge as a consequence of the opportunities offered to children to make connections with sound phenomena deeply related with their daily lives and interact collaboratively with sounds through participatory processes genuinely opened to creativity and experimentation. Finally, we discuss how this perspective might promote more meaningful and inclusive educational practices, discussing the implications and challenges posed to music education in early childhood.publishe