DRAMA PEDAGOGY AND POSSIBILITY: BUILDING COMMUNITY AND CRITICAL LITERACY IN THE CLASSROOM THROUGH ARTISTIC MEANS

This thesis investigates the role of drama pedagogy in facilitating both critical literacy and community in the classroom. To achieve this objective, I provide a theoretical overview of several theorists in the areas of classroom community, critical literacy, and aesthetic and experiential learning and compare their research findings to my own experiences with drama pedagogy, both as a student and teacher. These experiences are structured using narrative, and it is hoped that this personalized format will reveal the lived experience behind facts and events, and better illuminate how aesthetically-based, experiential learning might contribute to the development of both critical literacy and engaged learning communities. Ultimately, I hope to bring together the traditionally disparate fields o f the aesthetic and critical literacy through drama pedagogy, and suggest possible pedagogical implications for today’s classrooms. This thesis incorporates some discussion of feminist theory, and instances of feminist advancement are highlighted as they arise

Diffusion Of Indigo Molecules Inside The Palygorskite Clay Channels

The search for durable dyes led several past civilizations to develop artificial pigments. Maya Blue (MB), manufactured in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica, is one of the best known examples of an organic-inorganic hybrid material. Its durability is due to the unique association of indigo molecule and palygorskite, a particular fibrous clay occurring in Yucatan. Despite 50 years of sustained interest, the microscopic structure of MB and its relation to the durability remain open questions. Combining new thermogravimetric and synchrotron X-ray diffraction analyses, we show that indigo molecules can diffuse into the channel of the palygorskite during the heating process, replacing zeolitic water and stabilizing the room temperature phases of the clay

Prediction of powder flow of pharmaceutical materials from physical particle properties using machine learning

Understanding powder flow and how it affects pharmaceutical manufacturing process performance remains a significant challenge for industry. This work aims to improve decision making for manufacturing route selection, achieving the key goal of digital design within Industry 4.0 of being able to better predict properties whilst minimizing the amount of material required and time to inform process selection during early-stage development. A Machine Learning model approach is proposed to predict the flow properties of new materials from their physical properties. The model’s implementation will enhance manufacturing quality by taking advantage of the data generated throughout the manufacturing process

Establishment of a continuous sonocrystallization process for lactose in an oscillatory baffled crystallizer

Crystallization at production scale (>10 kg) is typically a poorly understood unit operation with limited application of first-principles understanding of crystallization to routine design, optimization, and control. In this study, a systematic approach has been established to transfer an existing batch process enabling the implementation of a continuous process in an oscillatory baffled crystallizer (OBC) using ultrasound. Process analytical technology (PAT) was used to understand and monitor the process. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters have been investigated for lactose sonocrystallization using focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) (Mettler Toledo) and mid-infrared spectroscopy (mid-IR) (ABB) in a multiorifice batch oscillatory baffled crystallizer (Batch-OBC). This platform provides an ideal mimic of the mixing, hydrodynamics and operating conditions of the continuous oscillatory flow crystallizer (COBC) while requiring only limited material. Full characterization of the hydrodynamics of the COBC was carried out to identify conditions that deliver plug-flow behavior with residence times of 1–5 h. The results show that continuous crystallization offers significant advantages in terms of process outcomes and operability, including particle size distribution (mean particle size <1500 μm) of alpha lactose monohydrate (ALM), as well as reduced cycle time (4 h compared to the 13–20 h in a batch process). Continuous sonocrystallization was performed for the first time at a throughput of 356 g·h–1 for 12–16 h. During the run at near plug flow, with supersaturation and controlled nucleation using sonication, no issues with fouling or agglomeration were observed. This approach has demonstrated the capability to provide close control of particle attributes at an industrially relevant scale

MODE Tides

IGPP and AOML bottom pressure measurements at four MODE stations constitute a unique set of deep-sea tidal measurements (although deployed for other purposes). A response analysis relative to a Bermuda reference has been optimized with regard to the number of complex weights and the makeup of gravitational and radiational inputs. Duplicate instrumentation on EDIE capsule gave 32.067, 2.5° 32.074, 2.6° for M2 amplitude (cm) and Greenwich epoch, thus attesting the reality of measured small station differences (order 1 cm, 1°). M2 tidal currents (calculated from the M2 surface and bottom slopes) have u and v speeds of 0.5 and 0.8 em s−1, respectively, in rough agreement (both amplitude and phase) with preliminary estimates from current measurements. M2 and K1 tides are in accord with sonic existing cotidal and co-range charts. M2 tides are a fraction of equilibrium magnitude, whereas M4, M5 and M6 (typically 0.07, 0.05, O.03 cm) vastly exceed equilibrium values. Presumably these overtides are generated by nonlinear coupling in the world\u27s shallow basins, from where they radiate into the global oceans to attain a level where radiative and dissipative processes are somehow balanced

Development and characterisation of a cascade of moving baffle oscillatory crystallisers (CMBOC)

A novel four stage Cascade of Moving Baffle Oscillatory Crystallisers (CMBOC) is developed, characterised and implemented for continuous crystallisation of pharmaceuticals. The platform was fully automated with pressure controlled slurry transfer and process analytical tools (PAT) to support process monitoring and control. Model predictive control was used to achieve precise temperature control during operation of crystallisations. Mixing and flow characterisation for liquids and slurries was performed confirming near-ideal mixing performance for mean residence times in the range 20 – 90 min. Heat transfer characteristics were determined and shown to be well suited to the demands of cooling crystallisation processes. Heat transfer efficiency increased with increasing oscillatory Reynolds number (Reo). This cascade is shown to provide the advantages of more uniform mixing and efficient heat transfer performance compared to a traditional cascade of stirred tank crystallisers. Continuous crystallisations of both alpha lactose monohydrate (ALM) and paracetamol (PCM) were carried out in which the target size, form, agglomeration and encrustation were controlled. For ALM, the products showed a narrow particle size distribution (PSD) with dv50 = 65 ± 5 μm and a span of 1.4 ± 0.2, and achieved a yield of 70%. The continuous crystallisation of paracetamol in the CMBOC produced non-agglomerated product with dv50 = 398 ± 20μm with a span of 1.5 ± 0.2 and achieved an 85% yield. No fouling or encrustation in the vessels or transfer lines were observed during the processes. The flexible configuration and operation of the platform coupled with well characterised shear rate distribution, residence time distributions and heat transfer shows that this platform is well suited to a range of crystallisation modes including seeded, antisolvent, cooling or reactive processes, where careful control of crystal attributes is required

Race/Ethnicity, Educational Attainment, and Pregnancy Complications in New York City Women with Pre-existing Diabetes

Background: More women are entering pregnancy with pre-existing diabetes. Disease severity, glycaemic control, and predictors of pregnancy complications may differ by race/ethnicity or educational attainment, leading to differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods: We used linked New York City hospital record and birth certificate data for 6291 singleton births among women with pre-existing diabetes between 1995 and 2003. We defined maternal race/ethnicity as non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, South Asian, and East Asian, and education level as 12 years. Our outcomes were pre-eclampsia, preterm birth (PTB) (<37 weeks gestation and categorised as spontaneous or medically indicated), as well as small-for-gestational age (SGA) and large-for-gestational age (LGA). Using multivariable binomial regression, we estimated the risk ratios for pre-eclampsia, SGA, and LGA. We used multivariable multinomial regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) for PTB. Results: Compared with non-Hispanic white women with pre-existing diabetes, non-Hispanic black and Hispanic women with pre-existing diabetes had a 1.50-fold increased risk of pre-eclampsia compared with non-Hispanic whites with pre-existing diabetes, after full adjustment. Non-Hispanic black and Hispanic women with pre-existing diabetes had adjusted ORs of 1.72 [adj. 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38, 2.15] and 1.65 [adj.95% CI 1.32, 2.05], respectively, for medically indicated PTB. South Asian women with pre-existing diabetes had the highest risk for having an SGA infant [adj. OR: 2.29; adj. 95% CI 1.73, 3.03]. East Asian ethnicity was not associated with these pregnancy complications. Conclusions: Non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, and South Asian women with pre-existing diabetes may benefit from targeted interventions to improve pregnancy outcomes

Vehicle/engine integration

VEHICLE/ENGINE Integration Issues are explored for orbit transfer vehicles (OTV's). The impact of space basing and aeroassist on VEHICLE/ENGINE integration is discussed. The AOTV structure and thermal protection subsystem weights were scaled as the vehicle length and surface was changed. It is concluded that for increased allowable payload lengths in a ground-based system, lower length-to-diameter (L/D) is as important as higher mixture ration (MR) in the range of mid L/D ATOV's. Scenario validity, geometry constraints, throttle levels, reliability, and servicing are discussed in the context of engine design and engine/vehicle integration

Teacher AfL perceptions and feedback practices in mathematics education among secondary schools in Tanzania

Feedback that monitors and scaffolds student learning has been shown to support learning. This study investigates the effect of mathematics teachers' perceptions of Formative Assessment (FA) and Assessment for Learning (AfL) and their conceptions of assessment on the quality of their feedback practices. The study was conducted in 48 secondary schools in Tanzania with 54 experienced mathematics teachers teaching Grade 11 (Form three in the Tanzanian system). Validated questionnaires were combined with interviews to investigate mathematics teachers' perceptions, conceptions, and feedback practices. Data were analysed by structural equation modeling and content analysis techniques. Results from the structural equation model indicated that mathematics teachers' perceptions of FA and AfL and their conceptions of assessment purposes positively predicted the quality of their feedback practices. Interview results illustrated that mathematics teachers used their students' assessment information for both formative and summative purposes. Future interventions for improving the quality of mathematics teacher's feedback practices are proposed.</p