O que os personagens dizem os colocam na história: a crise argentina dos anos 2000 pelas falas de “Nueve Reinas” e “Familia Rodante”

Características, ações e falas de personagens são elementos que exteriorizam o contexto de produção dos filmes. Obras como “Nueve Reinas” e “Familia Rodante” evidenciam por meio destes recursos comportamentos decorrentes de situações críticas, como a crise econômico-social argentina que teve seu ápice em 2001. A análise destas falas permite encontrar indícios que vão além do ambiente ficcional, alcançando seu contexto real

Melanoma Cutâneo: Perfil Epidemiológico dos Óbitos no Estado de São Paulo - Brasil entre 2005 e 2014

Introduction: Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is the least common skin cancer, but it accounts for the majority of deaths. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological profile of deaths due to CM in the State of São Paulo, as well as to evaluate the factors that may determine their occurrence by gender.Methods: Data on CM mortality in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, between 2005 and 2014 were studied. Descriptive analyzes and univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to determine the probability of death in terms of gender according to demographic variables. Statistical analysis was based on OR calculation. In all analyzes, 95% confidence intervals were used and alpha = 5% level of significance was adopted.Results: During the study period 4059 deaths due to CM were identified, representing 0.9% of the general mortality due to neoplasia. Of these, 56.7% were male and 92.4% were white. The mean age at death was 63.5 years (SD = 16.3). In the multivariate logistic regression, the absence of partner and the higher level of education showed to be discordant factors between genders.Conclusion: This study evaluating the epidemiological profile of deaths due to CM, identified the predominance of the male gender, Caucasians and individuals with partners and a low level of education. There was a trend towards an increase in the number of deaths in the last 5 years of the study period. In addition, we observed differences in risk factors related to the gender.Introdução: O melanoma cutâneo (MC) é o cancro de pele menos frequente, porém, responsável pela maioria dos óbitos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos por MC no Estado de São Paulo, bem como avaliar os fatores que podem determinar a sua ocorrência segundo o sexo.Métodos: Foram estudados dados relativos à mortalidade por MC no Estado de São Paulo-Brasil entre 2005 e 2014. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e regressão logística univariada e multivariada para determinar a probabilidade de óbito quanto ao sexo segundo variáveis demográficas. A análise estatística baseou-se no cálculo da OR. Em todas as análises foram considerados intervalos de confiança de 95% e adotado nível de significância de alfa= 5%.Resultados: Os 4059 óbitos por MC no período representaram 0,9% da mortalidade geral por neoplasia. Destes, 56,7% referiam-se ao sexo masculino e 92,4% à raça branca. A idade média no momento do óbito foi 63,5 anos (DP=16,3). Na regressão logística multivariada, a ausência de parceiro e o maior nível de escolaridade mostraram- -se fatores discordantes entre os sexos.Conclusão: Este estudo permitiu avaliar o perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos por melanoma, sendo possível identificar o predomínio de indivíduos do sexo masculino, da raça branca, com parceiros (as), com baixa escolaridade e uma tendência ao aumento do número de óbitos nos últimos 5 anos do período estudado. Além disso, pôde-se verificar diferenças nos fatores de risco relacionadas ao sexo dos indivíduos

Effects of coconut granular activated carbon pretreatment on membrane filtration in a gravitational driven process to improve drinking water quality

This study evaluates the performance of a polymeric microfiltration membrane, as well as its combination with a coconut granular activated carbon (GAC) pretreatment, in a gravitational filtration module, to improve the quality of water destined to human consumption. The proposed membrane and adsorbent were thoroughly characterized using instrumental techniques, such as contact angle, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses. The applied processes (membrane and GAC + membrane) were evaluated regarding permeate flux, fouling percentage, pH and removal of Escherichia coli, colour, turbidity and free chlorine. The obtained results for filtrations with and without GAC pretreatment were similar in terms of water quality. GAC pretreatment ensured higher chlorine removals, as well as higher initial permeate fluxes. This system, applying GAC as a pretreatment and a gravitational driven membrane filtration, could be considered as an alternative point-of-use treatment for water destined for human consumption.Fundação Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Atenção integral à saúde do adulto: enfermagem

Com foco na área e exercício da enfermagem, este material tem como objetivo compreender a atenção à saúde do adulto de maneira mais abrangente, de modo a incluir os diferentes olhares do trabalho em equipe na perspectiva do cuidado integral à saúde do adulto, da humanização da assistência e do trabalho interdisciplinar na Atenção Básica. O conteúdo aborda, dentro da saúde do adulto, a saúde do trabalhador, a obesidade e transtornos alimentares, usuários com agravos ou doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, bem como usuários com doenças transmissíveis.2.0Ministério da Saúde/OPAS/OM

Atenção integral à saúde do adulto

Este módulo abordou a Atenção Integral à Saúde do Adulto, apresentando, revisando e orientando a prática profissional quanto aos aspectos relacionados à atenção integral à saúde do indivíduo adulto. Visou também, orientar as ações ao processo de tralho na atenção básica pela Equipe de Saúde da Família e integração com a Equipe do NASF, com vistas à atuação interdisciplinar. Foram contempladas ações em saúde ao adulto reforçando a relevância da atenção na perspectiva da integralidade associada à solidariedade e ao acolhimento, considerando todos os espaços de integração entre profissionais e usuários: atividades de grupo para a população adulta, atividades de sala de espera e visita domiciliar, a atenção integral aos usuários com agravos, principais doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e o usuário com doenças transmissíveis, comuns à rotina assistencial.2.

Sucesso pessoal, profissional e intelectual a partir do diagnóstico e intervenção na discalculia nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental / Personal, professional and intellectual success from diagnosis and intervention in dyscalculia years Starting elementary school

O presente artigo compreende um estudo bibliográfico realizado em artigos acadêmicos e sítios da internet relacionados ao campo da Psicopedagogia Clínica, objetivando abordar a discalculia em seus aspectos e manifestações no ensino fundamental I – fase da vida escolar dos alunos em que começa a se trabalhar com a quantificação e números propriamente ditos – bem como, relatar sobre orientações psicopedagógicas nesse contexto. O primeiro capítulo vem abordar conceitos em geral sobre a discalculia no ambiente escolar, tendo por fundamentação autores correlacionados e ambientes virtuais de comunicação, quais sejam: Silva (2008), Furlanetto (2012),  Westein (2013), Silva (2008), Bossa (2007), Coll, Marchesi Palácios (1995), Moura (2000), Andrade Silva (2009), Pinheiro (2009), dentre outros. Em seguida trago observações concernentes ao papel do docente no processo de diagnóstico e encaminhamento ao profissional da Psicopedagogia. Por fim, venho sugerir estratégias e materiais que possam ser utilizados pelos profissionais competentes no processo de tratamento da discalculia em alunos considerados anteriormente nos processos de avaliação e intervenção pedagógicas como discalcúlicos

Spatial analysis of probable cases of dengue fever, chikungunya fever and zika virus infections in Maranhao State, Brazil

Dengue fever, chikungunya fever, and zika virus infections are increasing public health problems in the world, the last two diseases having recently emerged in Brazil. This ecological study employed spatial analysis of probable cases of dengue fever, chikungunya fever, and zika virus infections reported to the National Mandatory Reporting System (SINAN) in Maranhao State from 2015 to 2016. The software GeoDa version 1.10 was used for calculating global and local Moran indices. The global Moran index identified a significant autocorrelation of incidence rates of dengue (I=0.10; p=0.009) and zika (I=0.07; p=0.03). The study found a positive spatial correlation between dengue and the population density (I=0.31; p<0.001) and a negative correlation with the Performance Index of Unified Health System (PIUHS) by basic care coverage (I=-0.08; p=0.01). Regarding chikungunya fever, there were positive spatial correlations with the population density (I=0.06; p=0.03) and the Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI) (I=0.10; p=0.002), and a negative correlation with the Gini index (I=-0.01; p<0.001) and the PIUHS by basic care coverage (I=-0.18; p<0.001). Lastly, we found positive spatial correlations between Zika virus infections and the population density (I=0.13; p=0.005) and the MHDI (I=0.12; p<0.001), as well as a negative correlation with the Gini index (I=-0.11; p<0.001) and the PIUHS by basic care coverage (I=-0.05; p=0.03). Our results suggest that several socio-demographic factors influenced the occurrence of dengue fever, chikungunya fever, and zika virus infections in Maranhao State

Geographic patterns of tree dispersal modes in Amazonia and their ecological correlates

Aim: To investigate the geographic patterns and ecological correlates in the geographic distribution of the most common tree dispersal modes in Amazonia (endozoochory, synzoochory, anemochory and hydrochory). We examined if the proportional abundance of these dispersal modes could be explained by the availability of dispersal agents (disperser-availability hypothesis) and/or the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits (resource-availability hypothesis). Time period: Tree-inventory plots established between 1934 and 2019. Major taxa studied: Trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 9.55 cm. Location: Amazonia, here defined as the lowland rain forests of the Amazon River basin and the Guiana Shield. Methods: We assigned dispersal modes to a total of 5433 species and morphospecies within 1877 tree-inventory plots across terra-firme, seasonally flooded, and permanently flooded forests. We investigated geographic patterns in the proportional abundance of dispersal modes. We performed an abundance-weighted mean pairwise distance (MPD) test and fit generalized linear models (GLMs) to explain the geographic distribution of dispersal modes. Results: Anemochory was significantly, positively associated with mean annual wind speed, and hydrochory was significantly higher in flooded forests. Dispersal modes did not consistently show significant associations with the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits. A lower dissimilarity in dispersal modes, resulting from a higher dominance of endozoochory, occurred in terra-firme forests (excluding podzols) compared to flooded forests. Main conclusions: The disperser-availability hypothesis was well supported for abiotic dispersal modes (anemochory and hydrochory). The availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits seems an unlikely explanation for the distribution of dispersal modes in Amazonia. The association between frugivores and the proportional abundance of zoochory requires further research, as tree recruitment not only depends on dispersal vectors but also on conditions that favour or limit seedling recruitment across forest types

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

Aim: Amazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types. Location: Amazonia. Taxon: Angiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots). Methods: Data for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran\u27s eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny. Results: In the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R$^{2}$ = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R$^{2}$ = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types. Main Conclusion: Numerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions