Workflows and key messages to enable Open Research

The movement towards more open research has significant impact on the culture and practice of all disciplines. Researchers are increasingly expected to consider the end user’s ability to reuse data and scholarly publications by sharing these outputs through repository systems. The approach of the University of St Andrews Library (Digital Research Division) is to consider the needs of researchers holistically and provide a joined up support service for Research Data Management and Open Access. We use a Research Information System (Pure) to present a single interface to researchers for recording and depositing all research outputs. The combination of import sources, synchronized data, connected repository, web services and customized portal are employed to maximize visibility of data and publications, while presenting a seamless experience for researchers. This paper will describe how we develop workflows that can be communicated through key messages, easily remembered by researchers, and mapped to existing research lifecycles. Workflows can be tailored to disciplinary needs, for example using existing metadata from subject-repositories already used by researchers. We will describe a range of solutions that include staff in the Library and School offices providing different levels of mediation, and the benefits of an overall joined up approach.PostprintPublisher PDFPeer reviewe

Impact of the annealing temperature on Pt/g-C3N4 structure, activity and selectivity between photodegradation and water splitting

Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank SABIC as well as EPSRC platform grant [EP/K015540/1] for financial support and the Royal Society of Chemistry for a Wolfson Merit Award. In order to protect intellectual property the data underpinning this publication are not made publicly available. All enquiries about the data should be addressed to [email protected] reviewedPostprin

Using a CRIS to support communication of research : mapping the publication cycle to deposit workflows for data and publications

This paper describes a case study to explore how we continue to develop our CRIS [at the University of St Andrews] and support the University’s research needs and how it has become an embedded tool for researchers to manage their research outputs and to enable Open Access and Open Data. The paper will show how we used researchers’ feedback and comments to develop a simple and easy to remember workflow mapped against existing and familiar research lifecycles. We examine some of the technical, practical and cultural issues we have encountered in implementing these workflows, and show how the CRIS as a single portal has streamlined tasks and reduced duplication of effort.PostprintOtherPeer reviewe

Structural investigation of graphitic carbon nitride via XRD and neutron diffraction

We thank EPSRC for support through the EPSRC/NSF chemistry programme and the Royal Society for a Wolfson Merit award.Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has, since 2009, attracted great attention for its activity as a visible-light-active photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution. Since it was synthesized in 1834, g-C3N4 has been extensively studied both catalytically and structurally. Although its 2D structure seems to have been solved, its 3D crystal structure has not yet been confirmed. This study attempts to solve the 3D structure of graphitic carbon nitride by means of X-ray diffraction and of neutron scattering. Initially, various structural models are considered and their XRD patterns compared to the measured one. After selecting possible candidates as g-C3N4 structure, neutron scattering is employed to identify the best model that describes the 3D structure of graphitic carbon nitride. Parallel chains of tri-s-triazine units organized in layers with an A–B stacking motif are found to describe the structure of the synthesized graphitic carbon nitride well. A misalignment of the layers is favorable because of the decreased π–π repulsive interlayer interactions.PostprintPostprintPeer reviewe

Facile structure design based on C3N4 for mediator-free Z-scheme water splitting under visible light

The authors thank the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) platform grant EP/K006800/1, EP/K036769/1 and EP/K022237/1 for financial support.In this work, two photocatalysts (i.e., C3N4 and WO3) were successfully combined into a heterojunction structure by a facile hydrothermal method for mediator-free overall water splitting, analogous to the natural photosynthesis over a two-step photoexcitation Z-scheme system. Hydrogen and oxygen are evolved with a 2 : 1 ratio by irradiating the C3N4-WO3 composites loaded with Pt under visible light (λ > 420 nm) without any redox mediator. Introducing reduced graphene oxide (rGO) into the C3N4-WO3 composites enhances the water splitting efficiency. Through optimizing the mass ratio in the C3N4-WO3 composites, rGO content, amount of loaded Pt and pH value of the reacting system, the highest H2/O2 evolution rates of 2.84 and 1.46 μmol h−1 can be obtained, with a quantum yield of 0.9%. Our findings demonstrate that the hydrothermal method is a promising strategy for constructing intimate heterostructures for Z-scheme water-splitting systems without using any redox mediator, and that rGO can be used to further enhance the performance in optimized conditions.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Integration of an active research data system with a data repository to streamline the research data lifecycle : Pure-NOMAD case study

The authors acknowledge the work of Juan Karsten for the partial development of the Pure-NOMAD integration. This work has been supported by the EPSRC-Strategic Partners Project (2012, grant number EP/J501542/1) and the Impact Acceleration Account (2016, grant number EP/K503940/1).Research funders have introduced requirements that expect researchers to properly manage and publicly share their research data, and expect institutions to put in place services to support researchers in meeting these requirements. So far the general focus of these services and systems has been on addressing the final stages of the research data lifecycle (archive, share and re-use), rather than stages related to the active phase of the cycle (collect/create and analyse). As a result, full integration of active data management systems with data repositories is not yet the norm, making the streamlined transition of data from an active to a published and archived status an important challenge. In this paper we present the integration between an active data management system developed in-house (NOMAD) and Elsevier’s Pure data repository used at our institution with the aim of offering a simple workflow to facilitate and promote the data deposit process. The integration results in a new data management and publication workflow that helps researchers to save time, minimize human errors related to manually handling files, and further promote data deposit together with collaboration across the institution.PostprintPeer reviewe

Uso específico de ISCI durante a nutrição enteral noturna em criança com diabetes tipo 1, tireoidite de Hashimoto e síndrome de Down

The management of insulin therapy in diabetic patients who have comorbidities that involve nutritional aspects, is a major challenge for diabetes care teams. In diabetic patients with compromised nutritional status, artificial nutrition, both enteral or parenteral, may help in the treatment of chronic and acute diseases, leading to better and faster recover of the health status but, if not adequately associated with insulin therapy, it may negatively affect blood glucose levels and lead to poorer metabolic control. In particular, evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of diabetic patients during enteral nutrition therapy are not currently available and, therefore, medical practices are often based on case reports, rather than outcomes of research. We report our experience with a diabetic patient receiving nocturnal enteral feeding due to comorbidities and malnutrition, who was followed up at our centre and precociously treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion after the onset of type 1 diabetes. There is great need for adequately powered randomized controlled trials to provide scientific evidence for the insulin treatment of diabetic patients undergoing enteral feeding

Platelets and extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation in adult patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Surgical Repair of Postinfarction Ventricular Septal Rupture: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background. Ventricular septal rupture (VSR) is a rare but life-threatening complication after acute myocardial infarction. Although surgical correction is challenging and associated with high mortality, it remains the treatment of choice. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the early outcome of surgical VSR repair.Methods. We searched electronic databases from January 1998 to February 2020. Studies reporting patients undergoing surgical treatment for VSR were analyzed. The primary outcome assessed was operative mortality. Differences were expressed as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the relationships of predefined surgical variables and clinical prognosis.Results. A total of 6361 adult patients from 41 studies were identified. Operative mortality was 38.2%. Pooled ORs showed increased odds of operative mortality in patients with preoperative or perioperative intraaortic balloon pump insertion (OR = 3.48; 95% CI, 3.01-4.02; P >= .001), right ventricular dysfunction (OR = 2.85; 95% CI, 1.47-5.52; P = .002), posterior VSR (OR = 1.73; 95% CI, 1.30-2.31; P >= .001), and emergency surgery (OR = 3.79; 95% CI, 2.52-5.72; P >= .001). Temporal trend evaluation revealed no difference over time in the operative mortality rate; it was 34% in both time-related groups (1971-2000 versus 2001-2018).Conclusions. Ventricular septal rupture repair has a high operative mortality. Patients with preoperative or perioperative intraaortic balloon pump support, right ventricular dysfunction at presentation, or posterior defects, and those undergoing emergent VSR correction have increased odds of operative mortality. (C) 2021 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc

peri procedural thrombocytopenia after aortic bioprosthesis implant a systematic review and meta analysis comparison among conventional stentless rapid deployment and transcatheter valves

Abstract Background Thrombocytopenia has been shown to occur soon after surgical biological aortic valve replacement (AVR), and recently reported also after transcatheter valve implantation (TAVI). The mechanism underlying this phenomenon is still unknown, and its clinical impact on the peri-operative outcome has been poorly investigated. Methods A systematic review and a meta-analysis of all available studies reporting data about peri-procedural thrombocytopenia on isolated bio-AVR, comparing rapid-deployment (RDV), stentless (stentless-AVR), and TAVI vs. stented (stented-AVR) valves, have been performed. Results Fifteen trials (2.163 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. Perioperative platelet reduction ranged from 35% to 55% in stented-AVR, from 60% to 77% in stentless-AVR, from 53% to 60% in RDV, and from to 21% to 72% in TAVI (apparently, balloon-expandable valves more frequently associated to thrombocytopenia). Stented-AVR required more red blood cells transfusion than stentless-AVR (P  Conclusions Thrombocytopenia-related major adverse events were mainly reported in TAVI patients, whereas clinically meaningless in surgical patients. Transient peri-procedural thrombocytopenia is common after bio-AVR, regardless of prosthesis's type or implant modality. It should receive appropriate monitoring and focused investigations