36 research outputs found

    Assessing Geriatric Attitudes among Medical Students

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    Introduction: Geriatrics, defined as the medical specialty that studies and treats the elderly population has been assuming an increasing importance. Bearing in mind that the geriatric population occupies a high rate of consumption of health care and knowing that health professionals are the ones who most need to provide the best possible care, there is an urgent need to evaluate their attitudes toward the elderly and infer how these same attitudes interfere with the provision of care. The main objective of this study is to adapt the “UCLA Geriatric Attitudes Scale” in Portuguese to medical students so that it can later be applied to other health professionals in the most varied contexts. Our second objective was the evaluation, through the application of “UCLA Geriatrics Attitude Scale” of the changes, or absence thereof, of the attitudes of students from the 3rd to the 5th years of the Integrated Master’s in Medicine towards the geriatric population. Methods: The eligible population to be studied was composed of 172 students of the 3rd year, whose response rate was 39.53% (68 responses) and 166 students of the 5th year with a response rate of 36.14% (60 responses). Therefore, a total of 128 responses were obtained, for a total of 338 students. After informed consent, the sample responded to a scale that had been previously translated by certified professionals after authorization by the authors. After the application phase of the research questionnaires, the data collected were processed using the software Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS), version 26 with a significance level of 0.05. Results: Bearing in mind that higher scores correspond to better attitudes, the following results were obtained: the UCLA-GA scale total median score did not differ between academic years (p=.903), sexes (p=.124) or between students with and without close contact with elderly (p=.070) but was higher in single students comparing with married ones (p=.002). Only the students’ current average grade was a significant predictor, with the UCLA-GA score increasing an average of 0.8 points per each value in the student average grade (ß=0,847; 95% CI 0,201-1,492; p=.011). Conclusion: Considering the growing panorama of an aging population, measures should be implemented to study and to improve attitudes towards older people. Globally, the population sample studied shows very favorable attitudes from the students towards the geriatric population

    Origami surfaces for kinetic architecture

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    This thesis departs from the conviction that spaces that can change their formal configuration through movement may endow buildings of bigger versatility. Through kinetic architecture may be possible to generate adaptable buildings able to respond to different functional solicitations in terms of the used spaces. The research proposes the exploration of rigidly folding origami surfaces as the means to materialize reconfigurable spaces through motion. This specific kind of tessellated surfaces are the result of the transformation of a flat element, without any special structural skill, into a self-supporting element through folds in the material, which gives them the aptitude to undertake various configurations depending on the crease pattern design and welldefined rules for folding according to rigid kinematics. The research follows a methodology based on multidisciplinary, practical experiments supported on digital tools for formal exploration and simulation. The developed experiments allow to propose a workflow, from concept to fabrication, of kinetic structures made through rigidly folding regular origami surfaces. The workflow is a step-by-step process that allows to take a logical path which passes through the main involved areas, namely origami geometry and parameterization, materials and digital fabrication and mechanisms and control. The investigation demonstrates that rigidly folding origami surfaces can be used as dynamic structures to materialize reconfigurable spaces at different scales and also that the use of pantographic systems as a mechanism associated to specific parts of the origami surface permits the achievement of synchronized motion and possibility of locking the structure at specific stages of the folding.A presente tese parte da convicção de que os espaços que são capazes de mudar a sua configuração formal através de movimento podem dotar os edifícios de maior versatilidade. Através da arquitectura cinética pode ser possível a geração de edifícios adaptáveis, capazes de responder a diferentes solicitações funcionais, em termos do espaço utilizado. Esta investigação propõe a exploração de superfícies de origami, dobráveis de forma rígida, como meio de materialização de espaços reconfiguráveis através de movimento. Este tipo de superfícies tesseladas são o resultado da transformação de um elemento plano, sem capacidade estrutural que, através de dobras no material, ganha propriedades de auto-suporte. Dependendo do padrão de dobragem e segundo regras de dobragem bem definidas de acordo com uma cinemática rígida, a superfície ganha a capacidade de assumir diferentes configurações. A investigação segue uma metodologia baseada em experiências práticas e multidisciplinares apoiada em ferramentas digitais para a exploração formal e simulação. Através das experiências desenvolvidas é proposto um processo de trabalho, desde a conceptualização à construção, de estruturas cinéticas baseadas em superfícies dobráveis de origami rígido de padrão regular. O processo de trabalho proposto corresponde a um procedimento passo-apasso que permite seguir um percurso lógico que atravessa as principais áreas envolvidas, nomeadamente geometria do origami e parametrização, materiais e fabricação digital e ainda mecanismos e controle. A dissertação demonstra que as superfícies de origami dobradas de forma rígida podem ser utilizadas como estruturas dinâmicas para materializar espaços reconfiguráveis a diferentes escalas. Demonstra ainda que a utilização de sistemas pantográficos como mecanismos associados a partes específicas da superfície permite atingir um movimento sincronizado e a possibilidade de bloquear o movimento em estados específicos da dobragem

    Violência na intimidade nos relacionamentos homossexuais, gays e lésbicos

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    A violência íntima entre parceiros do mesmo sexo assume-se como um problema bastante preocupante, trando-se de um fenómeno imensamente complexo e constituído por diversos fatores, nomeadamente de índole psicológica, ideológica e sociocultural. Assim a violência íntima entre parceiros, como que pode constatar, trata-se de um fenómeno que não se encontra inerente ao género ou à orientação sexual. Existe, de facto, uma necessidade de se desenvolver literatura científica sobre esta temática, mais precisamente no contexto nacional, uma vez que as repercussões destas vivências são nocivas tanto a nível individual como a nível social. A revisão sistemática de literatura, apresentada no primeiro artigo da presente dissertação, é composta por 38 artigos que abordam a temática da prevalência da violência entre parceiros íntimos homossexuais e a temática dos fatores de risco nessa mesma população. Do estudo da revisão de literatura, pode concluir-se que existem diversas tipologias de abuso, sendo que a agressão psicológica é a que assume maior destaque, e as percentagens de prevalência do fenómeno encontram-se dispersas. É de salientar que o estudo da prevalência assume diversas lacunas metodológicas, as quais podem ser a explicação para as diferenças nas taxas de prevalência, e por conseguinte, nos resultados constatados. No que diz respeito aos fatores de risco, são diversos os fatores de risco de violência entre parceiros do mesmo sexo, contudo a existência de literatura que incida exclusivamente no estudo dos fatores de risco é confusa e escassa. Seguindo como linha orientadora este pressusposto, o segundo artigo é composto por um estudo empírico, de carácter exploratório e descritivo, de natureza quantitativa, com recurso a medida de autorrelato, com o método de amostragem por conveniência, cujo objetivo é estudar a prevalência do fenómeno em relacionamentos homossexuais, gays e lésbicos, e estudar um número limitado de fatores de risco encontrados na literatura, nomeadamaente, a idade, a educação, o historial de violência familiar, a presença de perturbações mentais e a presença de consumos. Para o efeito, o instrumento utilizado foi a Escala de Relações Abusivas em Casais Gay e Lésbica (Osório, Soeiro, Sani, & Domingues, 2016, adaptado de Violence and Abuse in Same-Sex Relationships de Noret & Richards, 2003). A amostra do estudo é constituída por 48 participantes, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 55 anos (M=26.50; DP=8.011), sendo que 72.9% (n=35) da amostra se identifica como lésbica (sexo feminino) e 27.1% (n=13) se identifica como gay (sexo masculino). Os resultados apresentam elevados índices globais de vitimação e perpetração de violência, nomeadamente na vertente de vitimação (97.6% psicológica; 88.1% física; 47.6% socioeconómica e 33.3% sexual) e perpetração (66.7% psicológica; 45.2% física; 2.4% socioeconómica e 2.4% sexual). A violência psicológica foi a tipologia de abuso mais presente no estudo.The intimate violence between same-sex partners is assumed to be a very serious problem, is an immensely complex phenomenon consisting of several factors, including psychological, ideological and socio-cultural factors. So the intimate partner violence, as we can see, it is a phenomenon that is not inherent to gender or sexual orientation. There is indeed a need to develop scientific literature on this subject, more precisely in the national context, since the effects of these experiences are harmful to individual and social level. A systematic review of the literature presented in the first article of this dissertation consists of 38 articles that address the issue of the prevalence of violence among homosexual intimate partners and the theme of risk factors in that population. The literature review study, it can be concluded that there are several types of abuse, and the psychological aggression is assuming greater prominence. The prevalence percentages of the phenomenon are dispersed. It is noted that the study of prevalence takes several methodological shortcomings, which may be the explanation for differences in prevalence rates, and therefore, the observed results. With regard to risk factors, they are several risk factors for violence between same-sex partners, but the existence of literature that focuses exclusively on the study of risk factors is confused and scarce. The second article consists of an empirical study, exploratory and descriptive character of a quantitative nature, using the measure of self-report, with sampling for convenience, whose goal is to study the prevalence of the phenomenon in homosexual relationships, gays and lesbians, and study a limited number of risk factors found in the literature, e.g., age, education, history of family violence, the presence of mental disorders and the presence of consumption. To this end, the instrument used was Escala de Relações Abusivas em Casais Gay e Lésbica (Osório, Soeiro, Sani, & Domingues, 2016, adaptado de Violence and Abuse in Same-Sex Relationships de Noret & Richards, 2003). The sample of this study consists of 48 participants aged 18 to 55 (M=26.50; DP=8.011), and 72.9% (n=35) of the sample is identified as lesbian (female) and 27.1% (n=13) identifies as gay (male). The results show high overall rates of victimization and perpetration of violence, especially in the aspect of victimization (97.6% psychological, 88.1% physical, 47.6% socioeconomic and 33.3% sexual) and perpetration (66.7% psychological, 45.2% physical, 2.4% socioeconomic and 2.4% sexual). Psychological violence was the more identified in the study

    Conto tradicional, literatura infantil e conhecimento do mundo: o ser humano e os outros animais

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    Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino no 1º Ciclo do Ensino BásicoO presente estudo pretendia cruzar a área do Conhecimento do Mundo (Ciências Naturais) e o domínio da Linguagem Oral e Abordagem à Escrita (Leitura). Pretendia-se promover o conhecimento do mundo (relacionado com a comparação entre o Homem e os outros animais) em crianças a frequentar a Educação Pré-Escolar (3 a 5 anos de idade), através da exploração de narrativas tradicionais e da literatura infantil. Paralelamente, trabalhámos com as crianças estratégias centradas na compreensão na leitura, nomeadamente, a formulação de hipóteses antes da leitura, a obtenção de informação durante a leitura e a confirmação/infirmação das hipóteses formuladas após a leitura. Foram também propostas atividades que implicavam o uso da informação recolhida com diversas finalidades: neste caso, um pequeno projeto de pesquisa sobre um animal. Recolhemos dados relativos ao desempenho das crianças em compreensão na leitura e às aprendizagens na área de Conhecimento do Mundo, a partir das atividades em que estas participaram. A análise de conteúdo dos dados recolhidos revelou que as crianças tinham efetivamente evoluído em termos de compreensão na leitura e adquirindo conhecimentos que lhes permitiram comparar o ser humano com os restantes animais, em função de determinados fatores.This study aimed to develop competencies in reading comprehension and promote the knowledge in Sciences (concerning certain characteristics of the human being and other animals) in children attending a kindergarten (3-5 year old) through the use of oral literature and picture books. With this purpose, we conceived and applied a didactic intervention which concerned two content areas: mother tongue and sciences. It was focused on tasks involving the use of certain reading strategies: producing hypotheses before reading, gathering information while reading, validating the hypotheses after reading and identifying main ideas in texts. The selected texts dealt with characteristics of the human being and other animals, allowing a comparison between them. We collected data on the performance of the children that took part in this experiment, through the activities included in the didactic intervention. The content analysis of these data revealed that these children had improved in reading comprehension and acquired knowledge on certain characteristics of the human being and other animals.Cette étude avait pour but d’identifier le rôle joué par le recours à certaines stratégies de lecture dans le développement de compétences en compréhension écrite, ainsi que dans l’acquisition de connaissances en sciences à travers le recours à des albums pour enfants et des contes traditionnels. Par conséquent, on a mené à bout une intervention didactique comprenant des tâches demandant le recours à la formulation d’hypothèses avant la lecture, au recueil d’information pendant la lecture, à la validation des hypothèses posées après la lecture et à l’identification d’idées principales dans les textes. Tous les textes utilisés permettaient d’étudier certaines caractéristiques de l’Homme et des animaux. Ce travail a été fait avec des enfants âgés entre 3 et 5 ans. On a recueilli des données concernant la performance des enfants en compréhension écrite et leurs apprentissages en Sciences, à partir des tâches intégrées dans l’intervention didactique. L’analyse de contenu de ces données a révélé que les enfants avaient amélioré leurs compétences en compréhension écrite à différents niveaux. D’autre part, on a constaté qu’ils avaient acquis des connaissances qui leur permettaient de comparer l’être humain et les animaux en fonction de certaines caractéristiques

    Vulnerable victims in court: from childhood to senescence

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    Abstract in proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of CiiEM: Health, Well-Being and Ageing in the 21st Century, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from 3–5 June 2019.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    IMUNOPATOGÉNESE DA PSORÍASE

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    Psoriasis is a common disease, whose treatment has evolved with new discoveries on its pathogenesis. Thus it becomes important to study the involved molecular and immune mechanisms to best understand current treatment and potential therapeutic targets. In this paper we aim to review current knowledge on psoriasis pathogenesis. We describe the proposed role for the immune system, the keratinocytes and the microvasculature. The immune system is currently considered the primary pathogenic modulator and we describe T lymphocytes and other cell types role, cytokines, chemokines and counterregulatory mechanisms. Known as a genetic and environmental disorder, we refer to associated genetic polymorphisms and the relation to the expression of microRNAs.A psoríase é uma doença comum, cujo tratamento tem evoluído a par de novas descobertas sobre a sua patogénese. Assim torna-se importante o estudo dos mecanismos moleculares e imunológicos envolvidos com vista à melhor compreensão do tratamento actual e de potenciais alvos terapêuticos. Nesta publicação pretendemos rever o estado actual do conhecimento relativamente à patogénese da psoríase. Descrevese o papel proposto para o sistema imunológico, os queratinócitos e a microvasculatura. O sistema imunológico é presentemente considerado o modulador patogénico primário, descrevendo-se a função de linfócitos T e outros tipos celulares, citocinas, quimiocinas e mecanismos contra-reguladores. Tratando-se de um distúrbio de etiologia genética e ambiental, fazemos referência aos polimorfismos genéticos associados e à relação com a expressão de microRNAs

    Impacto do índice de massa corporal na histerectomia totalmente laparoscópica

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    Total laparoscopic hysterectomy: impact of body mass index on outcomesOverviewand aims: Hysterectomy is one of the most common gynecological surgical procedures and several studies have demonstrated the multiple advantages of laparoscopic approach in general. Obesity was initially considered to be a contraindication for laparoscopy. However, this historical perspective has been disputed. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the body mass index (BMI) on intra-operative parameters and intra and post-operative complication rates of total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH). Study design: A retrospective, observational, descriptive and analytic study. Population: AllTLH performed in our department, by the same surgical team, between April 2009 and March 2014,were evaluated. Methods:Medicalrecordswere reviewed for patient characteristics(BMI, age, medical and surgical history),surgical characteristics (surgical indication and concomitant procedure, uterine weight, operating time, post-operative hemoglobin variation, length of hospitalstay), and intra and post-operative complications.The datawere analyzed according to patients’BMI. Results: The study population was divided in normal BMI (n=145), overweight (n=119) and obese (n=54). Obese patients were older, more frequently postmenopausal and with more medical pathology than normal BMI patients.More than 50% of the patients had history of at least one previous abdominopelvic surgery with no differences among the groups. No significant differences were found in terms of uterine weight (217.7 ± 154.8 vs. 257.5 ± 176.1 vs. 225.4 ± 151.0 g; p> 0.05), post-operative hospital stay (1.6 ± 0.9 vs. 1.5 ± 1.0 vs. 1.5 ± 0.9 days; p> 0.05), operating time (72.2 ± 25.3 vs.77.5 ± 25.8 vs. 83.6 ± 35.3 minutes; p> 0.05) or complication rates (12.4% vs. 14.3% vs. 13.0%). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that, in qualified hands, obesity did not increase the operating time and the intra or post-operative complication rates associated with TLH. Thus, high BMI should not be considered a contraindication for this procedur

    Elder abuse: the hidden face of domestic violence

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    Abstract in proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of CiiEM: Health, Well-Being and Ageing in the 21st Century, held at Egas Moniz’ University Campus in Monte de Caparica, Almada, from 3–5 June 2019.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    A importância da referência online nos serviços prestados pelos Centros de Documentação Europeia: o projeto Pergunte @o europeu

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    Tese de mestrado, Ciências da Documentação e Informação, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2013O projeto que se propõe desenvolver tem como objectivo a criação de um serviço de referência online, enquadrando esse processo num aspecto teórico e prático da biblioteconomia: a referência online. Para a criação deste serviço conta-se com a colaboração de especialistas da rede de informação Europe Direct (CDE, Team Europe e Centros Europe Direct), assim como de professores e investigadores das várias áreas dos estudos europeus que se disponibilizam para fazer parte do grupo de especialistas que respondem às questões colocadas online. Tratando-se da prestação de um serviço de informação sobre a União Europeia (EU) no contexto de um Portal de informação, o projeto contempla a utilização de vários meios de interacção entre o público requisitante do serviço e o profissional prestador desse serviço. Pretende-se, ainda, desenvolver conteúdos de informação de referência de apoio a este serviço, para onde será encaminhado o utilizador sempre que for necessário complementar as respostas às suas questões.Abstract: The purpose of this project is the development of an online reference service, featuring it in theoretical and practical aspect of librarianship: the online reference system. To achieve this goal the collaboration of specialists from de Europe Direct information network (EDC, Team Europe and Europe Direct Relay), is strongly expected as well as from specialist on European studies (professors and researchers) who want to make part of this project, and work together answering questions online. Dealing with an information service on European matters in the framework of a European information Portal, the project considers the use of several online interaction means between the public (users) and the professionals. In addition, it is also intended to develop support reference information contents to this online service, complementing the answers on the questions that might be addressed online
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