7 research outputs found
Partitioning of halogens between hydrous silicates in subduction zones : ab initio modelling and in situ LA-ICP-MS/MS measurement
La distribution des halogĂšnes dans les silicates hydroxylĂ©s des zones de subduction est quantifiĂ©e par une modĂ©lisation ab initio et de lâanalyse in situ. La quantification du coĂ»t Ă©nergĂ©tique de lâĂ©change halogĂšne â OH par modĂ©lisation ab initio permet dâĂ©tudier lâimpact de la cristallochimie sur le partage des halogĂšnes. Les calculs sont menĂ©s dans de grandes mailles oĂč les halogĂšnes sont considĂ©rĂ©s en tant que dĂ©fauts ponctuels, pour des concentrations mineures Ă traces. Les estimations venant de la modĂ©lisation des halogĂšnes dans la brucite montrent que les dĂ©fauts ponctuels de F doivent ĂȘtre sĂ©parĂ©s dâau moins de 9 Ă
pour reproduire ce comportement dâĂ©lĂ©ments en traces, cette valeur passant Ă au moins 10 Ă
dans le cas de Cl et Br. Les rĂ©sultats montrent une compĂ©tition entre interactions Ă©lectrostatiques et effets stĂ©riques pour le contrĂŽle de lâincorporation des halogĂšnes. Les interactions avec les alcalins, tout comme lâoccupation des sites octaĂ©driques, jouent un rĂŽle majeur en particulier dans les micas et les amphiboles. Le calcul de coefficients de partage met en avant un fractionnement entre halogĂšnes, et montre que la pargasite, la biotite et la lizardite sont favorisĂ©es par les trois halogĂšnes, suivies par le clinochlore, la trĂ©molite et la carpholite. Les phyllosilicates dioctaĂ©driques et lâĂ©pidote sont en revanche dĂ©favorisĂ©s. Le LA-ICP-MS/MS a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ© afin de quantifier in situ les halogĂšnes en tant quâĂ©lĂ©ments en traces dans les silicates hydroxylĂ©s. Un protocole est proposĂ© pour la mesure de 35Cl, 79Br, 81Br et 127I, permettant de rĂ©duire et/ou dâenlever les interfĂ©rences isobariques. Des limites de dĂ©tection dâenviron 20 ppm sont atteintes pour Cl et 1 ppm pour Br. En combinant LA-ICP-MS/MS et microsonde Ă©lectronique, F, Cl et Br ont Ă©tĂ© quantifiĂ©s dans des assemblages minĂ©ralogiques de roches mĂ©tamorphiques et mantelliques refertilisĂ©es du complexe ophiolitique du Mont Albert (QuĂ©bec, Canada), ainsi que dâautres Ă©lĂ©ments en traces et majeurs. La prĂ©sence dâamphibole contenant des halogĂšnes dans le coin mantellique dĂ©montre sa refertilisation par des fluides enrichis en Cl, Br provenant de roches mĂ©tamorphiques du panneau plongeant. Les donnĂ©es permettent de distinguer au moins trois Ă©tapes dâinteractions entre ces fluides et le manteau pendant la formation de lâophiolite, avec une diminution progressive en Cl, Hf et Zr dans les amphiboles des pĂ©ridotites, et des variations des teneurs en autres Ă©lĂ©ments en traces. F est majoritairement stockĂ© dans le panneau plongeant, tandis que Cl et Br sont Ă©galement abondamment trouvĂ©s dans le manteau refertilisĂ©.The distribution of halogens in hydrous silicates representative of subduction zones is quantified by ab initio modelling and in situ analysis. The quantification of the energetic cost of the substitution of OH groups by halogens by an ab initio modelling allows studying the impact of crystal chemistry on halogen partitioning. Calculations are carried out in large systems where halogens are treated as point defects, in minor to trace concentrations. Results highlight the competition between the effects of electrostatic interactions and steric hindrance for incorporation of halogens. Interaction with alkalis, along with octahedral site occupancy, plays a major role in controlling halogen incorporation, especially in mica and amphibole. Calculation of partition coefficients predicts fractionation between halogens, and shows that pargasite, biotite and lizardite are favoured hosts for all three halogens, followed by clinochlore, tremolite and carpholite. Incorporation of halogens in dioctahedral phyllosilicates or epidote is unfavourable. A protocol for LA-ICP-MS/MS (with electron microprobe) has been proposed to quantify F, Cl and Br in metamorphic and refertilized mantle rocks from the Mont Albert ophiolitic complex (Quebec, Canada). The presence of halogen-bearing amphibole in the peridotite highlights refertilization of the mantle wedge by Cl-, Br-enriched fluids derived from the metamorphic rocks of the slab. This study sheds light on the behaviour of halogens at depth, with F mostly stored in the minerals of the slab (in mica and amphibole), whereas Cl and Br are also abundantly found in refertilized mantle rocks
Partage des halogÚnes entre silicates hydroxylés en zone de subduction : modélisation ab initio et analyse in situ par LA-ICP-MS/MS
The distribution of halogens in hydrous silicates representative of subduction zones is quantified by ab initio modelling and in situ analysis. The quantification of the energetic cost of the substitution of OH groups by halogens by an ab initio modelling allows studying the impact of crystal chemistry on halogen partitioning. Calculations are carried out in large systems where halogens are treated as point defects, in minor to trace concentrations. Results highlight the competition between the effects of electrostatic interactions and steric hindrance for incorporation of halogens. Interaction with alkalis, along with octahedral site occupancy, plays a major role in controlling halogen incorporation, especially in mica and amphibole. Calculation of partition coefficients predicts fractionation between halogens, and shows that pargasite, biotite and lizardite are favoured hosts for all three halogens, followed by clinochlore, tremolite and carpholite. Incorporation of halogens in dioctahedral phyllosilicates or epidote is unfavourable. A protocol for LA-ICP-MS/MS (with electron microprobe) has been proposed to quantify F, Cl and Br in metamorphic and refertilized mantle rocks from the Mont Albert ophiolitic complex (Quebec, Canada). The presence of halogen-bearing amphibole in the peridotite highlights refertilization of the mantle wedge by Cl-, Br-enriched fluids derived from the metamorphic rocks of the slab. This study sheds light on the behaviour of halogens at depth, with F mostly stored in the minerals of the slab (in mica and amphibole), whereas Cl and Br are also abundantly found in refertilized mantle rocks.La distribution des halogĂšnes dans les silicates hydroxylĂ©s des zones de subduction est quantifiĂ©e par une modĂ©lisation ab initio et de lâanalyse in situ. La quantification du coĂ»t Ă©nergĂ©tique de lâĂ©change halogĂšne â OH par modĂ©lisation ab initio permet dâĂ©tudier lâimpact de la cristallochimie sur le partage des halogĂšnes. Les calculs sont menĂ©s dans de grandes mailles oĂč les halogĂšnes sont considĂ©rĂ©s en tant que dĂ©fauts ponctuels, pour des concentrations mineures Ă traces. Les estimations venant de la modĂ©lisation des halogĂšnes dans la brucite montrent que les dĂ©fauts ponctuels de F doivent ĂȘtre sĂ©parĂ©s dâau moins de 9 Ă
pour reproduire ce comportement dâĂ©lĂ©ments en traces, cette valeur passant Ă au moins 10 Ă
dans le cas de Cl et Br. Les rĂ©sultats montrent une compĂ©tition entre interactions Ă©lectrostatiques et effets stĂ©riques pour le contrĂŽle de lâincorporation des halogĂšnes. Les interactions avec les alcalins, tout comme lâoccupation des sites octaĂ©driques, jouent un rĂŽle majeur en particulier dans les micas et les amphiboles. Le calcul de coefficients de partage met en avant un fractionnement entre halogĂšnes, et montre que la pargasite, la biotite et la lizardite sont favorisĂ©es par les trois halogĂšnes, suivies par le clinochlore, la trĂ©molite et la carpholite. Les phyllosilicates dioctaĂ©driques et lâĂ©pidote sont en revanche dĂ©favorisĂ©s. Le LA-ICP-MS/MS a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ© afin de quantifier in situ les halogĂšnes en tant quâĂ©lĂ©ments en traces dans les silicates hydroxylĂ©s. Un protocole est proposĂ© pour la mesure de 35Cl, 79Br, 81Br et 127I, permettant de rĂ©duire et/ou dâenlever les interfĂ©rences isobariques. Des limites de dĂ©tection dâenviron 20 ppm sont atteintes pour Cl et 1 ppm pour Br. En combinant LA-ICP-MS/MS et microsonde Ă©lectronique, F, Cl et Br ont Ă©tĂ© quantifiĂ©s dans des assemblages minĂ©ralogiques de roches mĂ©tamorphiques et mantelliques refertilisĂ©es du complexe ophiolitique du Mont Albert (QuĂ©bec, Canada), ainsi que dâautres Ă©lĂ©ments en traces et majeurs. La prĂ©sence dâamphibole contenant des halogĂšnes dans le coin mantellique dĂ©montre sa refertilisation par des fluides enrichis en Cl, Br provenant de roches mĂ©tamorphiques du panneau plongeant. Les donnĂ©es permettent de distinguer au moins trois Ă©tapes dâinteractions entre ces fluides et le manteau pendant la formation de lâophiolite, avec une diminution progressive en Cl, Hf et Zr dans les amphiboles des pĂ©ridotites, et des variations des teneurs en autres Ă©lĂ©ments en traces. F est majoritairement stockĂ© dans le panneau plongeant, tandis que Cl et Br sont Ă©galement abondamment trouvĂ©s dans le manteau refertilisĂ©
Partage des halogÚnes entre silicates hydroxylés en zone de subduction : modélisation ab initio et analyse in situ par LA-ICP-MS/MS
The distribution of halogens in hydrous silicates representative of subduction zones is quantified by ab initio modelling and in situ analysis. The quantification of the energetic cost of the substitution of OH groups by halogens by an ab initio modelling allows studying the impact of crystal chemistry on halogen partitioning. Calculations are carried out in large systems where halogens are treated as point defects, in minor to trace concentrations. Results highlight the competition between the effects of electrostatic interactions and steric hindrance for incorporation of halogens. Interaction with alkalis, along with octahedral site occupancy, plays a major role in controlling halogen incorporation, especially in mica and amphibole. Calculation of partition coefficients predicts fractionation between halogens, and shows that pargasite, biotite and lizardite are favoured hosts for all three halogens, followed by clinochlore, tremolite and carpholite. Incorporation of halogens in dioctahedral phyllosilicates or epidote is unfavourable. A protocol for LA-ICP-MS/MS (with electron microprobe) has been proposed to quantify F, Cl and Br in metamorphic and refertilized mantle rocks from the Mont Albert ophiolitic complex (Quebec, Canada). The presence of halogen-bearing amphibole in the peridotite highlights refertilization of the mantle wedge by Cl-, Br-enriched fluids derived from the metamorphic rocks of the slab. This study sheds light on the behaviour of halogens at depth, with F mostly stored in the minerals of the slab (in mica and amphibole), whereas Cl and Br are also abundantly found in refertilized mantle rocks.La distribution des halogĂšnes dans les silicates hydroxylĂ©s des zones de subduction est quantifiĂ©e par une modĂ©lisation ab initio et de lâanalyse in situ. La quantification du coĂ»t Ă©nergĂ©tique de lâĂ©change halogĂšne â OH par modĂ©lisation ab initio permet dâĂ©tudier lâimpact de la cristallochimie sur le partage des halogĂšnes. Les calculs sont menĂ©s dans de grandes mailles oĂč les halogĂšnes sont considĂ©rĂ©s en tant que dĂ©fauts ponctuels, pour des concentrations mineures Ă traces. Les estimations venant de la modĂ©lisation des halogĂšnes dans la brucite montrent que les dĂ©fauts ponctuels de F doivent ĂȘtre sĂ©parĂ©s dâau moins de 9 Ă
pour reproduire ce comportement dâĂ©lĂ©ments en traces, cette valeur passant Ă au moins 10 Ă
dans le cas de Cl et Br. Les rĂ©sultats montrent une compĂ©tition entre interactions Ă©lectrostatiques et effets stĂ©riques pour le contrĂŽle de lâincorporation des halogĂšnes. Les interactions avec les alcalins, tout comme lâoccupation des sites octaĂ©driques, jouent un rĂŽle majeur en particulier dans les micas et les amphiboles. Le calcul de coefficients de partage met en avant un fractionnement entre halogĂšnes, et montre que la pargasite, la biotite et la lizardite sont favorisĂ©es par les trois halogĂšnes, suivies par le clinochlore, la trĂ©molite et la carpholite. Les phyllosilicates dioctaĂ©driques et lâĂ©pidote sont en revanche dĂ©favorisĂ©s. Le LA-ICP-MS/MS a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ© afin de quantifier in situ les halogĂšnes en tant quâĂ©lĂ©ments en traces dans les silicates hydroxylĂ©s. Un protocole est proposĂ© pour la mesure de 35Cl, 79Br, 81Br et 127I, permettant de rĂ©duire et/ou dâenlever les interfĂ©rences isobariques. Des limites de dĂ©tection dâenviron 20 ppm sont atteintes pour Cl et 1 ppm pour Br. En combinant LA-ICP-MS/MS et microsonde Ă©lectronique, F, Cl et Br ont Ă©tĂ© quantifiĂ©s dans des assemblages minĂ©ralogiques de roches mĂ©tamorphiques et mantelliques refertilisĂ©es du complexe ophiolitique du Mont Albert (QuĂ©bec, Canada), ainsi que dâautres Ă©lĂ©ments en traces et majeurs. La prĂ©sence dâamphibole contenant des halogĂšnes dans le coin mantellique dĂ©montre sa refertilisation par des fluides enrichis en Cl, Br provenant de roches mĂ©tamorphiques du panneau plongeant. Les donnĂ©es permettent de distinguer au moins trois Ă©tapes dâinteractions entre ces fluides et le manteau pendant la formation de lâophiolite, avec une diminution progressive en Cl, Hf et Zr dans les amphiboles des pĂ©ridotites, et des variations des teneurs en autres Ă©lĂ©ments en traces. F est majoritairement stockĂ© dans le panneau plongeant, tandis que Cl et Br sont Ă©galement abondamment trouvĂ©s dans le manteau refertilisĂ©
Crystal chemistry and partitioning of halogens in hydrous silicates
International audienceUnderstanding how halogens are distributed among usual hydrous silicates in the lithosphere is important to constrain their deep geochemical cycle and fluid-rock interactions in subduction zones. This article presents firstprinciples modelling of halogen (F-, Cl-, Br-) incorporation in hydrous silicates including mica, chlorite, serpentine, amphibole, epidote and carpholite. The approach allows studying the impact of crystal chemistry on halogen partitioning by quantification of the energetic cost of halogen incorporation in minerals. Calculations are carried out in large systems where halogens are in minor to trace concentrations. Estimations show that F-bearing defects must be separated at least 9 Ă
from one another to reproduce trace element behaviour, this value increasing to at least 10 Ă
for Cl and Br. Results highlight the competition between the effects of electrostatic interactions and steric hindrance for incorporation of halogens, where steric hindrance has greater importance for heavy halogens, in particular for Br. Interaction with alkalis is a major control for F incorporation, especially in mica. Other parameters such as octahedral site occupancy, Si/Al ratio of tetrahedral sites and the nature of alkalis in amphibole and mica (K or Na) appear to play subordinate roles. Partition coefficients have been estimated in mineral assemblages in an effort to be representative of subduction zone metamorphism. Results show that pargasite, biotite and lizardite are favoured hosts for all three halogens, followed by clinochlore, tremolite and carpholite. The energetic cost of incorporating halogens into dioctahedral phyllosilicates and epidote is comparatively higher, and partitioning is predicted as unfavourable to these minerals. Fractionation between halogens in subduction zones is predicted by the evolution of mineral assemblages and partition coefficients, a consequence of the influence of crystal chemistry over halogen incorporation in hydrous silicates
Noble gas migration in silica polymorphs at Earth's mantle conditions
International audienceThe diffusion of noble gases in SiO2 phases is studied using ab initio molecular dynamics based on the density functional theory, covering pressure and temperature conditions from the crust to the core. Our results show that the diffusion of noble gases in SiO2 minerals is not only controlled by external conditions such as temperature and pressure but is also highly sensitive to the structure of the host mineral as well as the size of the noble gas. We show that the diffusion coefficient of He in quartz at 1700 K is two orders of magnitude larger than that of He in seifertite at 5000 K. In quartz, the larger the noble gas, the slower the diffusion. Nudged elastic band (NEB) computations in quartz also give Ea(Ar) < Ea(Kr) < Ea(Xe). Interestingly, we predict that Ne diffuses faster than He in dense SiO2 phases at a given temperature, in apparent contradiction with the common assumption that heavier atoms diffuse slower. We explain this phenomenon in seifertite by greater repulsive interactions between Ne and its local environment than for He in the minimum energy configuration, triggering the rapid jumps of Ne toward the lower-coordinated transition site. In agreement with other studies, we predict He and to a lesser extent Ne are quickly released from the continental crust with limited storage in the deepest part of the mantle. However, Ar can be transported deeper than lighter noble gases, potentially trapped in stishovite, CaCl2-type and seifertite in the deep lower mantle. Given the abundance of these minerals in mantle basaltic compositions and the continental crust, their contribution to the volatile cycle of noble gases is far from negligible
Partitioning of chromium between garnet and clinopyroxene: first-principle modelling versus metamorphic assemblages
International audienceUnderstanding the geochemical behaviour of trace and minor elements in mineral assemblages is of primary importance to study small-and large-scale geological processes. Partition coefficients are frequently used to model the chemical evolution of minerals and fluids during melting and in metamorphic rocks of all grades. However, kinetic effects hampering equilibrium partitioning may invalidate the modelling. This study aims at calculating partition coefficients and testing their applicability in natural mineral assemblages, choosing Cr in garnet and clinopyroxene via exchange with Al as a case study. First-principle modelling has been combined with measurements and element mapping to estimate partition coefficients for Cr and the deviation from equilibrium. Results highlight the role of crystal chemistry over the strain field around point defects, controlling the dynamics of the Cr 3+ = Al 3+ exchange between clinopyroxene and garnet. Ab initio calculations allowed estimation of Cr partition coefficients between garnet and clinopyroxene, using a thermodynamic approach based on endmembers and mixing models simplified for trace element behaviour. The Cr 3+ = Al 3+ exchange reaction between garnet and the jadeite component of clinopyroxene depends on the grossular and pyrope content, with Cr preferentially incorporated into grossular over jadeite but preferentially incorporated into jadeite over pyrope. Comparison of predicted partition coefficients to measured concentrations in natural samples, together with element mapping, shows large disequilibrium. Cr-rich and Cr-poor sectors exhibit disequilibrium attributed to slow diffusivity of Cr during crystal growth and interface-coupled dissolution-precipitation, even for garnet-clinopyroxene assemblages crystallized around 850 âą C
Fluorine and Chlorine in the transition Zone
International audienceWe report concentrations of Fluorine (F) and Chlorine (Cl) in synthetic wadsleyite (Wd) and ringwoodite (Rw). Synthesis were performed under pressures (14â22GPa) and temperatures (1100â1400âŠC) relevant to the transition zone (TZ: 410â670 km depth) using multi-anvil press experiments in MLV Clermont-Ferrand, France and in BGI Bayreuth, Germany. F, Cl and Hcontents were measured using Particle Induced Gamma-Ray Emission (PIGE), Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) and Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis (ERDA) respectively, using a nuclear microprobe at CEA Saclay. Results show that F (up to 850 ppm wt.) and Cl (up to 200 ppm wt.) are concentrated together with H2O in both Wd and Rw (Roberge et al., 2015; 2017).Cl content in Rw and Wd is significantly higher than in other nominally anhydrous minerals of the upper mantle (olivine, pyroxene, garnet), when we found that F is also concentrated in hydrous olivine (up to 1700 ppm wt., Crepisson et al, 2014). With these data we put constraints on the F and Cl budget of the deep Earth, we propose that the TZ may be a major repositoryfor major halogen elements in the mantle. We also show that both F and Cl abundances are underestimated for the bulk silicate Earth (BSE). We propose maximum abundances for the BSE of 59 ppm wt. F and 37 ppm wt. Cl, these abundances are higher than the values proposed by McDonougth and Sun in 1995, of 25 and 17 ppm wt. respectively. New results on F-bearingringwoodite will be presented at the meeting