Effect of dithiocarbamate thiram on Wistar rat growth plate and articular cartilage

Avaliou-se o efeito do tirame, ditiocarbamato largamente utilizado na agricultura como antifúngico e repelente de roedores, na ossificação endocondral de mamíferos, usando, como modelo, ratos Wistar. Não foram observadas lesões na cartilagem articular, nem nas placas de crescimento, o que pode ser atribuído à dose utilizada e à duração do ensaio. A diminuição da altura da placa de crescimento nos animais aos quais foi administrado o tirame parece traduzir o atraso verificado no crescimento em geral, e não um efeito específico na cartilagem, uma vez que as diferentes zonas da placa epifisária mantiveram as proporções dos animais do grupo-controle. Embora não tenham sido verificados, no presente trabalho, os efeitos registrados para outras espécies nos tecidos cartilaginosos, sugere-se a avaliação dos efeitos crónicos do tirame no crescimento e no desenvolvimento dos ossos longos em mamíferos

Skeletal muscle channelopathies: a guide to diagnosis and management

Skeletal muscle channelopathies are a group of rare episodic genetic disorders comprising the periodic paralyses and the non-dystrophic myotonias. They may cause significant morbidity, limit vocational opportunities, be socially embarrassing, and sometimes are associated with sudden cardiac death. The diagnosis is often hampered by symptoms that patients may find difficult to describe, a normal examination in the absence of symptoms, and the need to interpret numerous tests that may be normal or abnormal. However, the symptoms respond very well to holistic management and pharmacological treatment, with great benefit to quality of life. Here, we review when to suspect a muscle channelopathy, how to investigate a possible case and the options for therapy once a diagnosis is made

Public leadership challenges in a complex context

The objectives of this study are to identify the importance of teleworking during the COVID-19 pandemic and, evaluate the future development of this working form, characterize the process, identify its benefits and challenges, and present some solutions to deal with telework. To this end, the following research questions were formulated: (1) What areas of telework had the most significant impact during the COVID-19 pandemic? (2) What is the impact of telework on productivity? (3) What are the positive and negative aspects of teleworking? (4) What solutions do leaders propose for telework to intensify in the future? The sample for this study consists of 159 participants holding managerial positions. The data analyses were completed and allowed us to study the challenges of leadership in teleworking in direct public administrations. The results indicate that productivity is maintained, although productivity has decreased in the education sector. The positive aspects found were flexibility, better time management, that communication became simpler, and greater motivation. As negative aspects, we found changes in leadership, communication, and lack of material. To minimise the negative aspects of teleworking, the leaders essentially mentioned mixed-work (face-to-face and teleworking), distribution of appropriate material, training, teleworking regulation, and productivity control.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Treatment Updates for Neuromuscular Channelopathies

Purpose of review: This article aims to review the current and upcoming treatment options of primary muscle channelopathies including the non-dystrophic myotonias and periodic paralyses. / Recent findings: The efficacy of mexiletine in the treatment of myotonia is now supported by two randomised placebo-controlled trials, one of which utilised a novel aggregated n-of-1 design. This has resulted in licencing of the drug via orphan drug status. There is also good evidence that mexiletine is well tolerated and safe in this patient group without the need for intensive monitoring. A range of alternative antimyotonic treatment options include lamotrigine, carbamazepine and ranolazine exist with variable evidence base. In vitro studies have shown insight into reasons for treatment failure of some medications with certain genotypes opening the era of mutation-specific therapy such as use of flecainide. In the periodic paralyses, the ability of MRI to distinguish between reversible oedema and irreversible fatty replacement makes it an increasingly useful tool to guide and assess pharmacological treatment. Unfortunately, the striking efficacy of bumetanide in hypokalaemic periodic paralysis animal models was not replicated in a recent pilot study in humans. / Summary: The treatment of skeletal muscle channelopathies combines dietary and lifestyle advice together with pharmacological interventions. The rarity of these conditions remains a barrier for clinical studies but the example of the aggregated n-of-1 trial of mexiletine shows that innovative trial design can overcome these hurdles. Further research is required to test efficacy of drugs shown to have promising characteristics in preclinical experiments such as safinamide, riluzule and magnesium for myotonia or bumetanide for hypokalaemic periodic paralysis

Fontes alternativas de fósforo no desempenho e características dos ossos de suínos em crescimento e terminação.

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Quando usar cama de aviário para suínos.

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Composição química, energética e proteina discutível de alguns alimentos para suínos.

21 alimentos utilizados na alimentação de suínos foram determinados, a analise proximal, os minerais, aminoacidos, a matéria seca digestivel o coeficiente de digestibilidade da proteina bruta a energia digestivel e a energia metabolizavel.Resumo

Influência da quantidade de ração sobre o desempenho reprodutivo de leitoas do primeiro o terceiro cio.

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Pilot, Rollout and Monte Carlo Tree Search Methods for Job Shop Scheduling

Greedy heuristics may be attuned by looking ahead for each possible choice, in an approach called the rollout or Pilot method. These methods may be seen as meta-heuristics that can enhance (any) heuristic solution, by repetitively modifying a master solution: similarly to what is done in game tree search, better choices are identified using lookahead, based on solutions obtained by repeatedly using a greedy heuristic. This paper first illustrates how the Pilot method improves upon some simple well known dispatch heuristics for the job-shop scheduling problem. The Pilot method is then shown to be a special case of the more recent Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) methods: Unlike the Pilot method, MCTS methods use random completion of partial solutions to identify promising branches of the tree. The Pilot method and a simple version of MCTS, using the $\varepsilon$-greedy exploration paradigms, are then compared within the same framework, consisting of 300 scheduling problems of varying sizes with fixed-budget of rollouts. Results demonstrate that MCTS reaches better or same results as the Pilot methods in this context.Comment: Learning and Intelligent OptimizatioN (LION'6) 7219 (2012

Composição química e valores de digestibilidade dos ingredientes nacionais, utilizados em rações de suínos.

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