Reference Evapotranspiration Estimation in Climate Change Scenarios for Rio Verde in the State of Goiás, Brazil

Long-term changes in evapotranspiration can have extreme effects in hydrological processes as well as crop yields. The objective of this study was to quantify the expected changes in evapotranspiration in climate change scenarios using the Penman Monteith/FAO56 (PM) standard method and empirical equations for estimating reference evapotranspiration (ET0), specifically for the conditions of Rio Verde, in the state of Goiás, Brazil. Data from the National Institute of Meteorology, and Meteorology and Hydrology System of the State of Goiás were used to estimate the ET0 by using the following methods: Modified Penman, Radiation, Blaney-Criddle, Hargreaves-Samani, and Priestley-Taylor and Turc, which were compared with the PM method on the daily scale. From the ET0 obtained in each of these methods, their performance was evaluated through statistical indices in four future climate scenarios. The projections originated from two emission scenarios based on the HadGEM2-ES global climate model with medium (2040-2069) and long (2070-2099) term scenarios. The results presented that the Radiation and Turc methods are currently—and can be under the predicted conditions of future climate scenarios—the best options for estimation of ET0 in Rio Verde, when meteorological data are not available to implement the PM method. The Modified Penman and the Hargreaves-Samani methods should not be considered for estimating ET0 in the location evaluated

Nível de conhecimento acerca dos métodos de ensino dos esportes coletivos e sua frequência de utilização na atuação profissional

INTRODUÇÃO: Os métodos de ensino dos esportes são meios de sistematizar o processo pedagógico para promover aprendizagem dos componentes técnico-táticos dos jogos esportivos coletivos. É possível que a aplicação apropriada dos métodos de ensino e a sua frequência de utilização estejam relacionados ao nível de conhecimento do profissional de Educação Física acerca dos mesmos, entretanto existe uma escassez de conhecimentos a respeito desta temática. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o nível de conhecimento acerca dos métodos de ensino dos esportes coletivos e sua frequência de utilização na atuação profissional. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi constituída por 311 profissionais de Educação Física que atuavam diretamente no processo de ensino-aprendizagem-treinamento de esportes coletivos, em escolas de esportes, academias, projetos esportivos sociais, centros esportivos, clubes e treinamento de equipes escolares. Os participantes responderam um questionário eletrônico constituído por questões relacionadas às características, objetivos e aplicações dos métodos de ensino. RESULTADOS: Em média, o nível de conhecimento dos métodos de ensino entre os profissionais foi de 58,0±29,2% de acerto nas perguntas respondidas. Dentre as variáveis analisadas, somente o grau de formação acadêmica foi associado ao nível de conhecimento. Níveis de conhecimento superiores foram encontrados acerca dos métodos analítico e situacional, mas os profissionais parecem utilizar com maior frequência os métodos situacional e global. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem a importância da formação continuada para suprir deficiências da formação inicial dos profissionais e mudança de paradigma no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos esportes coletivos. TITLE: Level of knowledge about the teaching methods of team sports and their frequency of use in professional practice ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Sports teaching methods are a means of systematizing the pedagogical process to promote learning of the technical-tactical components of team sports. It is possible that the appropriate application of teaching methods and their frequency of use are related to the level of knowledge of the Physical Education professional about them, however there is a lack of knowledge about this topic. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the level of knowledge about the teaching methods of team sports and their frequency of use in professional practice. METHODS: The sample consisted of 311 Physical Education professionals involved in teaching-learning-training process of team sports, in sports schools, academies, social sports projects, sports centers, clubs and high-school teams. The participants answered an electronic questionnaire consisting of questions related to the characteristics, objectives and applications of teaching methods. RESULTS: On average, the level of knowledge of teaching methods among professionals was 58.0±29.2% of correct answers. Among the analyzed variables, only the educational level was associated with the level of knowledge. Higher levels of knowledge have been found with regards to the analytical and situational methods, but the professionals seem to use situational and global methods more frequently in the teaching-learning process. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest the importance of continuing education to overcome deficiencies in initial training and paradigm shift in the teaching-learning process of team sports

Transtorno bipolar em crianças: análise de relato de caso 2018-2023

O transtorno bipolar em crianças é uma realidade clínica que demanda atenção especializada. A compreensão dos sintomas, fatores de risco, prevalência e desafios diagnósticos é fundamental para proporcionar intervenções precoces e adequadas, visando melhorar a qualidade de vida desses jovens e reduzir o impacto a longo prazo dessa condição psiquiátrica. Trata-se de um estudo cujo objetivo foi objetivo revisar relatos de caso publicados entre 2018 e 2023 sobre transtorno bipolar em crianças, identificando o estado da arte desses estudos. Para isso, se realizou uma revisão sistemática de literatura utilizando as bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO). Com a análise e interpretação qualitativa dos resultados, a principal conclusão deste estudo é que o transtorno bipolar na infância é uma condição complexa, manifestando-se com comportamentos consistentes com o Transtorno de Conduta e sendo influenciado por fatores ambientais, familiares e genéticos. O tratamento eficaz requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar, integrando intervenções farmacológicas e não farmacológicas, personalizadas conforme as necessidades individuais. A supervisão familiar é crucial para a adesão ao tratamento, mas reconhece-se a necessidade contínua de pesquisa para aprimorar as estratégias terapêuticas diante da diversidade de casos

ATLANTIC-PRIMATES: a dataset of communities and occurrences of primates in the Atlantic Forests of South America

Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and emerging infectious diseases. There are 26 primate species in the Atlantic Forests of South America, 19 of them endemic. We compiled a dataset of 5,472 georeferenced locations of 26 native and 1 introduced primate species, as hybrids in the genera Callithrix and Alouatta. The dataset includes 700 primate communities, 8,121 single species occurrences and 714 estimates of primate population sizes, covering most natural forest types of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina and some other biomes. On average, primate communities of the Atlantic Forest harbor 2 ± 1 species (range = 1–6). However, about 40% of primate communities contain only one species. Alouatta guariba (N = 2,188 records) and Sapajus nigritus (N = 1,127) were the species with the most records. Callicebus barbarabrownae (N = 35), Leontopithecus caissara (N = 38), and Sapajus libidinosus (N = 41) were the species with the least records. Recorded primate densities varied from 0.004 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta guariba at Fragmento do Bugre, Paraná, Brazil) to 400 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta caraya in Santiago, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Our dataset reflects disparity between the numerous primate census conducted in the Atlantic Forest, in contrast to the scarcity of estimates of population sizes and densities. With these data, researchers can develop different macroecological and regional level studies, focusing on communities, populations, species co-occurrence and distribution patterns. Moreover, the data can also be used to assess the consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and disease outbreaks on different ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, species invasion or extinction, and community dynamics. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this Data Paper when the data are used in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using the data. © 2018 by the The Authors. Ecology © 2018 The Ecological Society of Americ

Reference Evapotranspiration Estimation in Climate Change Scenarios for Rio Verde in the State of Goiás, Brazil

Long-term changes in evapotranspiration can have extreme effects in hydrological processes as well as crop yields. The objective of this study was to quantify the expected changes in evapotranspiration in climate change scenarios using the Penman Monteith/FAO56 (PM) standard method and empirical equations for estimating reference evapotranspiration (ET0), specifically for the conditions of Rio Verde, in the state of Goiás, Brazil. Data from the National Institute of Meteorology, and Meteorology and Hydrology System of the State of Goiás were used to estimate the ET0 by using the following methods: Modified Penman, Radiation, Blaney-Criddle, Hargreaves-Samani, and Priestley-Taylor and Turc, which were compared with the PM method on the daily scale. From the ET0 obtained in each of these methods, their performance was evaluated through statistical indices in four future climate scenarios. The projections originated from two emission scenarios based on the HadGEM2-ES global climate model with medium (2040-2069) and long (2070-2099) term scenarios. The results presented that the Radiation and Turc methods are currently—and can be under the predicted conditions of future climate scenarios—the best options for estimation of ET0 in Rio Verde, when meteorological data are not available to implement the PM method. The Modified Penman and the Hargreaves-Samani methods should not be considered for estimating ET0 in the location evaluated

O papel do PET-CTI-UFABC em compartilhar conhecimento: aulas de Redação e Matemática preparatórias para o ENEM para alunos de escolas públicas do Grande ABC-SP.

The National High School Exam - ENEM is the opportunity for many young people to enter higher education. For this reason, PET - Science, Technology and Information at UFABC developed a course that met this demand. The course received about 500 enrollments, with 90 students selected, in order of enrollment, which was carried out using a specific form on the page PET-CTI and consisted of three classes with two hours for each axis (Writing and Mathematics) offered on Saturdays, at the Santo André campus of the Universidade Federal do ABC - UFABC, comprising theoretical classes and review exercises and simulation proposal at writing area.O Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio - ENEM é para muitos jovens a oportunidade de ingresso no ensino superior, porém muitos alunos de escola pública apresentam dificuldades. Por isso, o PET – Ciência Tecnologia e Informação da UFABC elaborou um curso que atendesse a essa demanda, O curso recebeu cerca de 500 inscrições, sendo selecionados 90 alunos, por ordem de inscrição, a qual foi realizada por meio de formulário próprio na página do PET-CTI e foi composto por três aulas com duas horas para cada eixo (Redação e Matemática) ofertadas aos sábados, no campus Santo André da Fundação Universidade Federal do ABC - UFABC, compreendendo aulas teóricas e exercícios de revisão e proposta de simulado na área de redação

Produção de mudas de espécies das Restingas do município do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil Seedling production of Restinga species of Rio de Janeiro Municipality, RJ, Brazil

Os impactos antrópicos sobre as Restingas vêm se intensificando de tal forma nas últimas décadas que hoje é prioritária a conservação dos poucos remanescentes existentes e a restauração de áreas degradadas. A produção de mudas é etapa importante neste processo. Dados fenológicos obtidos para 72 espécies mostraram grande variação na época e na duração da frutificação, indicando que a colheita de sementes deve ser realizada ininterruptamente ao longo do ano, para que seja obtida diversidade expressiva de espécies. Cinqüenta por cento destas espécies não apresentaram qualquer restrição para a produção de mudas. O tempo necessário para o início da emergência da parte aérea e/ou a percentagem máxima de germinação foram comparados para 44 espécies e as grandes amplitudes de variação intra- e interespecíficas encontradas sugerem a ocorrência de vários tipos de dormência. Os resultados indicam a grande viabilidade da produção de mudas destinadas a futuros plantios como estratégia a ser utilizada para a recuperação das populações naturais de espécies ameaçadas e para a restauração de Restingas degradadas.<br>The impact of human activities on the Restingas has been so intense in recent decades that there is now an urgent need for conservation of remnant patches and restoration of degraded areas. The production of seedlings is an important phase in the restoration process. Phenological data obtained for 72 species showed a wide variation in the timing and duration of fruiting. Therefore, seed harvest should take place continuously throughout the year in order to cover a high diversity of species. Fifty per cent of the 72 species showed no restrictions for seedling production. The necessary timing for the beginning of shoot emergence and for maximum germination percentage were compared for 44 species. The large amplitude of intra- and interspecific variation suggests the occurrence of distinct types of dormancy. The great viability of seedling production of Restinga plants may further incentive ongoing initiatives of restoration of degraded Restingas and of recuperation of natural populations of threatened species

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

Evolution over Time of Ventilatory Management and Outcome of Patients with Neurologic Disease∗

OBJECTIVES: To describe the changes in ventilator management over time in patients with neurologic disease at ICU admission and to estimate factors associated with 28-day hospital mortality. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of three prospective, observational, multicenter studies. SETTING: Cohort studies conducted in 2004, 2010, and 2016. PATIENTS: Adult patients who received mechanical ventilation for more than 12 hours. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Among the 20,929 patients enrolled, we included 4,152 (20%) mechanically ventilated patients due to different neurologic diseases. Hemorrhagic stroke and brain trauma were the most common pathologies associated with the need for mechanical ventilation. Although volume-cycled ventilation remained the preferred ventilation mode, there was a significant (p &lt; 0.001) increment in the use of pressure support ventilation. The proportion of patients receiving a protective lung ventilation strategy was increased over time: 47% in 2004, 63% in 2010, and 65% in 2016 (p &lt; 0.001), as well as the duration of protective ventilation strategies: 406 days per 1,000 mechanical ventilation days in 2004, 523 days per 1,000 mechanical ventilation days in 2010, and 585 days per 1,000 mechanical ventilation days in 2016 (p &lt; 0.001). There were no differences in the length of stay in the ICU, mortality in the ICU, and mortality in hospital from 2004 to 2016. Independent risk factors for 28-day mortality were age greater than 75 years, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II greater than 50, the occurrence of organ dysfunction within first 48 hours after brain injury, and specific neurologic diseases such as hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, and brain trauma. CONCLUSIONS: More lung-protective ventilatory strategies have been implemented over years in neurologic patients with no effect on pulmonary complications or on survival. We found several prognostic factors on mortality such as advanced age, the severity of the disease, organ dysfunctions, and the etiology of neurologic disease