Study of the Spectral Response of Sky Quality Measurers

Treballs Finals de Grau de Física, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2022, Tutor: Salvador J. RibasThe aim of this project is to study the spectral response of two sky quality measurers, SQM and TESS-W, and compare the instrumental sky brightness obtained by these two photometers with the sky brightness obtained synthetically using its spectral response and night sky spectra from Montsec (Lleida), measured by SAND-4B spectrometer. We are going to analyze the difference between the magnitude measured by SQM and TESS-W to study if the atmospheric emission (airglow) at red wavelengths triggers the difference between the sky brightness measured by the previously mentioned instruments at the Montse

És ètic que l'home interfereixi en la selecció genètica natural? La condena del pedigrí

Treball presentat a l'assignatura de Deontologia i Veterinària Legal (21223

Financing and investing mechanisms in Swiss sustainable entrepreneurship : an exploratory case study

This Master’s Final Work is aimed to present a holistic perspective on the Swiss Sustainable Entrepreneurial Ecosystem, and the respective Financing and Investing mechanisms behind the Capital Structure decisions of a startup. The methodology used was based on an exploratory case study through empiric work on interviews, direct observation from conferences and network gatherings, participative observation through an internship in organizational context, and deeper research from benchmarking reports. Moreover, from the findings and data collected, the main conclusions drawn are based on listed companies whose capital structure is not optimal targeted, but rather with a preference order and more likelihood to resource to debt given their high liquidation value, different from conventional startups, who have less collateral power and as so will resource less to debt. Finally, sustainable startups will suffer from greater market gaps so their financing decisions are trusted mostly on internal funds, resourcing to external equity only in case of crowdfunding or impact investing solutions. Nevertheless, from the hypothesis theory and proposed model, there are still some managerial implications to bear in mind since it is a swiss specific case and an emerging market niche. As such, future research directions should focus on deepening the literature and impact investing measurement criteria and gaining practical knowledge in these fields.Este Trabalho Final de Mestrado tem por objetivo apresentar uma perspetiva holística sobre o Ecossistema do Empreendorismo Sustentável na Suíça, e os respetivos mecanismos de Financiamento e Investimento que suportam as decisões da Estrutura de Capital de startups. A metodologia utilizada foi um caso de estudo exploratório através de trabalho empírico por entrevistas, observação direta em conferências e momentos de network, observação participativa através do estágio realizado em contexto organizacional, e por relatórios de benchmarking recolhidos. Seguidamente, através dos resultados obtidos, as principais conclusões são referentes a empresas listadas no mercado que não têm estrutura de capital ótima, mas uma ordem de preferência de recorrerem a dívida, ao contrário das startups convencionais que possuem menor valor de liquidação e poder colateral. Já as startups de empreendorismo sustentável, uma vez que sofrem maiores gaps de mercado, as suas decisões de financiamento são redirecionadas para fundos internos, e posteriormente para capital externo como crowdfunding ou soluções de investimento de impacto. Todavia, pela hipótese de teoria proposta, há ainda algumas implicações a ter em conta, uma vez que é um caso de estudo específico à Suíça e retrata um nicho de mercado. Como tal, direções recomendadas para pesquisa futura prendem-se no aprofundamento da literatura e critérios de medição do paradigma de investimento de impacto, e ainda no conhecimento prático nestes setores

Adolescent girls and juvenile justice

A partir de la segona meitat del segle XX en molts països industrialitzats es comença a prendre consciència de l'existència dels nens i dels joves com a grup social. Es posen en marxa polítiques per a evitar la seva explotació. Tota intervenció en el camp social està emmarcada en uns paràmetres de caràcter legal i administratiu. La intervenció educativa en l'àmbit de la justícia juvenil resta condicionada per la normativa legal vigent en cada moment. Aquest marc acompleix dues funcions simultànies, per un costat limita la tasca educativa pero, alhora possibilita les intervencions sòcioeducatives. El reconeixement que el menor és un subjecte amb drets i que ha d'arribar a ser un membre actiu de la societat fa imprescindible una resposta que proporcioni l'equilibri entre control, educació i reinserció.A partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XX, en muchos países industrializados, se empieza a tomar conciencia de la existencia de los niños y de los jóvenes como grupo social. Se ponen en marcha políticas para evitar su explotación. Toda intervención en el campo social está enmarcada en unos parámetros de carácter legal y administrativo. La intervención educativa en el ámbito de la justicia juvenil queda condicionada por la normativa legal vigente en cada momento. Este marco cumple dos funciones simultáneas, por un lado limita la tarea educativa pero al mismo tiempo posibilita las intervenciones socioeducativas. El reconocimiento de que el menor es un sujeto con derechos y que ha de llegar a ser un miembro activo de la sociedad, hace imprescindible una respuesta que proporcione el equilibrio entre control, educación y reinserción.From the second half of the twentieth century on, many industrialised countries have evinced a growing awarelless of the existence of children and young people as a social g roup. Policies have been put in place to prevent their exploiration. and all social intervention has come to be framed within legal and administratitve paramerers. Educational intervention in juvenile justice fields is now conditioned by legal regulations in force ar all rimes. This framework fulfils two functions, silmutaneously limiting rhe scope of education while enabling socioeducational inrervention. The recognition that minors are subjects with their own rights, who must play an active part in society. calls for a balanced response in volving both control education and reinsertion

Eduard Feliu, primer traductor d'una novel·la hebrea moderna al català

Eduard Feliu va ser el primer traductor d'una novel·la hebrea moderna al català, El meu Mikhael, d'Amos Oz, publicada l'any 1973, i així va encetar la traducció de literatura hebrea moderna al català. En aquest article, després de presentar la tasca de traducció de literatura moderna hebrea d'Eduard Feliu, s'analitza, com a mostra, el primer capítol de la seva traducció d'El meu Mikhael i es posen en relleu les diferents tècniques de traducció que hi fa servir, de manera que en resulta un text d'un to literari elevat i amb un lèxic ric i precís.Eduard Feliu was the first person to translate a modern Hebrew novel to Catalan. The novel in question was My Michael by Amos Oz, and the Catalan translation, El meu Mikhael, was published in 1973. That was how the practice of translating modern Hebrew literature to Catalan began. After introducing Eduard Feliu’s activity in the field of modern Hebrew literature translation, this article analyses the first chapter of his translation of My Michael, as a sample of his work, and highlights the different translation techniques he used to produce a text with a high literary tone and a rich, precise vocabulary

Criteris per a l'anàlisi dels joguets actuals

Abstract not availabl

Comunicación silenciosa: estudio comparativo internacional de envases de juguetes

El envase ha sido considerado un comunicador silencioso. Para los juguetes sin inversión publicitaria en otros medios, el envase representa un elemento clave en la comunicación con el consumidor. Tras una revisión de la literatura se identifican tres dimensiones básicas de estudio -forma, función y comunicación- configuradas por 24 variables. Las preguntas de investigación formuladas son: ¿Qué aspectos formales caracterizan los envases de juguetes? ¿Qué utilidades presentan? ¿Existe un tratamiento diferenciado del envase en las distintas categorías de juguetes? ¿Se identifican diferencias entre los envases según el origen del fabricante? Se investiga el contenido de 301 envases de juguetes de 82 fabricantes (70% internacionales) y se realizan dos análisis: descriptivo y caracterizante. Se concluye que formalmente son bastante convencionales y, sin embargo, contienen conceptos novedosos de producto, resultando paradójico. Funcionalmente, cubren satisfactoriamente las necesidades de contención, protección, transporte y almacenamiento aunque se desaprovecha como elemento comunicativo creador de experiencias emocionales. La gestión estratégica del envase en el sector de juguetes es potencialmente mejorable.Packaging has been considered by Marketing experts as a silent sales agent. Specially, for those toys without advertising support, packaging represents the key element to communicate with the end consumer. After revising all published articles about this matter, we found three dimensions to be considered: formal, functional, and communicational, all them aggregating a number of 24 different considerations. The questions we have formulated are as follows: Which are the formal aspects we can consistently find in the Toy industry packaging? Which are the utilities found in those Toy packaging? Is there a particular treatment of packaging depending on the Toy category? Can we find packaging peculiarities considering the origin of the manufacturer? We have investigated 301 different packaging coming from 82 different manufacturers (70% of those manufacturers were not spanish manufacturers) and we have made a deep analysis considering both, structure and characteristics. We conclude that formally, packaging is quite similar and conventional but they have some very special products inside and this is not what this should be. Under the point of view of functionality, packaging are good enough to cover, protect, transport and warehouse the products, but they do not take advantage of the potential communication and emotional influence on the end consumer. We conclude that the strategic treatment of packaging inside Toy industry is something that could be improved.Esta investigación ha sido financiada por el proyecto “Análisis estructural comparado del proceso comunicativo sobre características de los juguetes de las Empresas Valencianas vs. Empresas Internacionales –LUDICOM- (IMDEEA/2011/15) en la convocatoria pública competitiva del programa de desarrollo estratégico del Instituto de la Mediana y Pequeña Industria Valenciana (IMPIVA) dependiente de la Consellería de Economía, Industria y Comercio de la Generalitat Valenciana