Les impact sur la santé des opérateurs en tour de garde dans une entreprise de l'Etat

Este artigo apresenta parte dos resultados de um estudo empírico que teve por objetivo investigar os impactos do trabalho em regime de turnos de revezamento. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter descritivo exploratório, embasado teórica e metodologicamente na abordagem da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, realizado com um grupo de 12 trabalhadores de uma empresa estatal de energia elétrica ocupantes do cargo “operador de subestação e usinas hidrelétricas”, que desempenham atividades em turnos de revezamento. Para a coleta de dados da pesquisa, foram desenvolvidas três sessões de discussão coletiva e um encontro para validação da pesquisa. Os dados foram examinados por meio da análise Clínica do Trabalho. Com base nos resultados, foi possível constatar a respeito do trabalho em turnos, aliado à rotina rígida e burocrática dos trabalhadores estudados, a ocorrência de sofrimento por eles vivenciado, manifesto na dificuldade em conciliar trabalho e vida sociofamiliar; na sobrecarga doméstica; na dificuldade em se desligar do trabalho e nos riscos a que estão expostos pela profissão. Constatou-se, que o turno que mais impacta a saúde desses trabalhadores é o noturno, causando prejuízos evidenciados pelos sintomas de irritabilidade, desânimo, alterações de humor, dores de cabeça e cansaço, o que ocasiona em alguns estresse e depressão.Este artículo muestra parte de resultados de un estudio que objetivó investigar los impactos del trabajo en turnos de rotación. Se trata de un estudio de caráter descritivo explorador, basado teórica y metodológicamente en el enfoque de la Sicodinámica del Trabajo, en un grupo de 12 trabajadores de una empresa estatal de energía eléctrica – sobre el cargo de “operador de subestación y centrales hidroeléctricas de actividades en turnos rotativos. Para la recolección de datos, se desarrollaron tres sesiones de discusión colectiva y un encuentro con el grupo investigado. Los datos se analizaron por medio del ‘análisis clínico del trabajo’. En base a los resultados, se constató que el trabajo en turnos, aliado a la rutina rígida y burocrática de los trabajadores y a los riesgos inherentes de ello, origina el sufrimento manifiesto en la: dificultad de conciliar trabajo y vida sociofamiliar; dificultad al desligarse del trabajo después expediente. Se constató que el turno impactante a la salud de los trabajadores es el nocturno, perjudicando en síntomas de irritación, desánimo, alteraciones de humor, dolores de cabeza y cansancio, lo que ocasiona estrés y depresión en trabajadores.This article presents part of an empirical study's results which objective was to investigate the work impacts caused by shift work regime. It consists on a descriptive exploratory research, based theoretically and methodologically on the Work Psychodynamics approach, carried out with a group composed of 12 employees of a state-owned electric power company – "substation and hydroelectric power operators " – who perform their activities in shift work. For the research data collection, three collective discussion sessions and one meeting for validation were developed. Data were examinated through the Clinical Work analysis. From the results, it was possible to conclude – regarding to shift work allied to the rigid and bureaucratic routine of the workers studied – the suffering experienced by them, manifested in difficulty of reconciling work and socio-family life; domestic overload; difficulty in detaching from work and the risks to which they are exposed by profession. It was found also that the shift that most impacts the workers' health is nocturnal, causing damages evidenced by the symptoms of irritability, discouragement, mood swings, headaches and fatigue, which causes  stress and depression in some of them.Cet article présente part des résultats d’une étude empirique ayant pour but d’investiguer les impacts du travail en tours de garde. Il s’agit d’une recherche à caractère descriptif-exploratoire, basée théoriquement et méthodologiquement sur l’approche Psychodynamique du Travail, menée avec un groupe de 12 travailleurs d’une entreprise de l’Etat d’énergie électrique, occupants du poste « opérateur de sous-station et usines hydroélectriques » faisant des activités en tours de garde. Pour la collecte de données, on fit 3 sessions de discussions collectives et une rencontre pour valider la recherche. Les donnés furent examinées moyennant l’analyse Clinique du Travail. Basé sur les résultats, ce fut possible de constater, par rapport au travail en tours de garde, lié au quotidien rigide et bureaucratique des travailleurs analysés, l’occurrence de souffrance vécue par ces derniers, manifestée dans la difficulté à concilier travail et vie socio-familiale ; la surcharge domestique ; la difficulté à s’éteindre du travail et les risques auxquelles ils sont exposés par la profession. On constata que le tour de garde nocturne impacte le plus la santé de ces travailleurs, causant des pertes mises en évidence par les symptômes d’irritabilité, ennui, altérations d’humeur, maux de tête et fatigue, entrainant stresse et dépression chez quelques-uns

O TRABALHO EM TURNOS DE REVEZAMENTO EM UMA EMPRESA ESTATAL: UMA ANÁLISE EM PSICODINÂMICA DO TRABALHO

Submitted by admin tede ([email protected]) on 2018-04-20T13:50:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANNA FLÁVIA FERREIRA BORGES.pdf: 1959666 bytes, checksum: f64ca41b6445e1fb7508cae72568084d (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-20T13:50:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANNA FLÁVIA FERREIRA BORGES.pdf: 1959666 bytes, checksum: f64ca41b6445e1fb7508cae72568084d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-12This master’s dissertation presents an empirical study results which intends to investigate the shift work impacts and to discuss how this model of working can interfere in the worker’s family and social life and in his health. This is a descriptive exploratory study, based theoretically and methodologically on the Psychodynamics of Work approach, carried out with a group of 12 employees of a state-owned electric power company - operators of substation and hydro-electric power station - that perform their job in rotational shift work schedule. Three collective discussion sessions and a meeting for the research's validation were developed. The data were examined through the work clinical analysis. Three categories were adopted for this study's purposes: the first one is concerned to the shift work; the second was the Organization of Work and, the third one, the subjective mobilization. According to the Psychodynamics of Work premises, work is a central factor in the constitution of worker's health and identity, and the main link between individuals and society; for that reason, the experiences of pleasure and suffering in the work of these professionals were investigated. Concerning to the shift work, allied to the rigid and bureaucratic routine of the investigated workers, the data point to the occurrence of suffering supported by them, evidenced in: difficulty in reconciling work and social/family life; domestic overtasks; difficulty in disconnecting mentally from work; risks they are submitted to, due to the profession; relatedshift work pathologies. It was verified that the shift work most affects the workers' health is the night one, causing damages evidenced by the following symptoms: irritability, discouragement, mood disorders, headaches and fatigue. In this study, the main pathologies identified were insomnia or excessive drowsiness, irritability, stress, fatigue and depression. However, the clinic demonstrated that there are cooperation and trusting among the group, which added to the symbolic recognition are decisive for all people of the company recognize the importance of the work developed by the substation operators in rotating shifts and also feel themselves part of this laborer group, strengthening their identity. It should be noted that the main strategies identified in the group studied were union and cooperation, advocated by the psychodynamics of work as an essential mediation in the formation and renewal of solidarities against suffering at work. In the category Subjective Mobilization, workers experience the pleasure in work concerning to: availability on days-off to solve particular and familiar issues; travels; remuneration; relationship with colleagues; challenges and new job opportunities and a work positive sense in the operator position, which influence the mental health maintenance in the group of the surveyed workers. It is believed that the greatest gain obtained with this research by the workers was to rethink the pertinent questions to their work and for that, It is suggested the permanence of the space for collective discussion so that workers can develop individual and collective strategies to help them to deal with this regime of work, as well as implementations of actions at individual, collective and family levels in order to minimize the impacts caused by the shift work model.A presente dissertação traz resultados de um estudo empírico que teve por objetivo investigar os impactos do trabalho em regime de turnos de revezamento e discorrer sobre como essa modalidade de jornada de trabalho pode interferir nas esferas familiar, social e na saúde desses trabalhadores, que é uma categoria pouco estudada. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter descritivo exploratório, embasado teórica e metodologicamente na abordagem da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho (PDT), realizado com um grupo composto por 12 trabalhadores de uma empresa estatal de energia elétrica – ocupantes do cargo de “operador de subestação e usinas hidrelétricas” – que desempenham suas atividades em turnos de revezamento. Foram desenvolvidas três sessões de discussão coletiva e um encontro para validação da pesquisa. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise clínica do trabalho. Foram adotadas, para fins deste estudo, três categorias: a primeira delas consistiu no trabalho em turnos; a segunda foi a Organização do Trabalho e a terceira, a Mobilização Subjetiva. O trabalho para a (PDT) é um elemento central na constituição da saúde e da identidade e o principal elo entre indivíduos e a sociedade; por esta razão, investigaram-se as vivências de prazer e sofrimento no trabalho desses profissionais. No que diz respeito ao trabalho em turnos, aliado à rotina rígida e burocrática dos trabalhadores estudados, os dados apontam para a ocorrência de sofrimento por eles vivenciado, manifesto na(o): dificuldade em conciliar trabalho e vida sociofamiliar; sobrecarga doméstica; dificuldade em se desligar do trabalho; riscos a que estão expostos pela profissão; patologias adquiridas pelo trabalho em turnos. Constatou-se que o turno que mais impacta a saúde dos trabalhadores em turnos é o noturno, causando prejuízos evidenciados pelos sintomas de irritabilidade, desânimo, alterações de humor, dores de cabeça e cansaço. As principais patologias identificadas por esse estudo foram insônia ou sonolência excessiva, cansaço, irritabilidade, estresse, fadiga e depressão. No entanto, a clínica mostrou que há cooperação e confiança no grupo, aspectos que, somados ao reconhecimento simbólico, são decisivos para que todos atribuam sentido positivo ao trabalho de operadores de subestação em turnos e sintam-se pertencentes a este grupo profissional de trabalhadores, fortalecendo sua identidade. Ressalta-se que as principais estratégias identificadas no grupo pesquisado foram a união e cooperação, preconizados pela psicodinâmica do trabalho como uma mediação imprescindível na formação e na renovação das solidariedades contra o sofrimento no trabalho. Na categoria compreendida como Mobilização Subjetiva, os trabalhadores vivenciam mais o prazer no trabalho relacionado a: disponibilidade nos dias de folgas para resolver questões particulares e familiares; viagens; remuneração; relacionamento com as pessoas no local de trabalho; desafios e novas oportunidades de trabalho e sentido positivo do trabalho como operador. Acredita-se que o maior ganho obtido com essa pesquisa pelos trabalhadores foi repensar as questões pertinentes ao seu trabalho e por isso, sugere-se a continuidade do espaço de discussão coletiva para que os trabalhadores possam encontrar nesse espaço, um local de fala e escuta das questões laborais, além de implementações de ações em níveis individual, coletivo e familiar que visem minimizar os impactos causados pela organização temporal de trabalho em regime de turnos

Complete genome sequence of the sugarcane nitrogen-fixing endophyte gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus PAL5

17 p. : il.Background: Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5 is an endophytic diazotrophic bacterium that lives in association with sugarcane plants. It has important biotechnological features such as nitrogen fixation, plant growth promotion, sugar metabolism pathways, secretion of organic acids, synthesis of auxin and the occurrence of bacteriocins. Results: Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5 is the third diazotrophic endophytic bacterium to be completely sequenced. Its genome is composed of a 3.9 Mb chromosome and 2 plasmids of 16.6 and 38.8 kb, respectively. We annotated 3,938 coding sequences which reveal several characteristics related to the endophytic lifestyle such as nitrogen fixation, plant growth promotion, sugar metabolism, transport systems, synthesis of auxin and the occurrence of bacteriocins. Genomic analysis identified a core component of 894 genes shared with phylogenetically related bacteria. Gene clusters for gum-like polysaccharide biosynthesis, tad pilus, quorum sensing, for modulation of plant growth by indole acetic acid and mechanisms involved in tolerance to acidic conditions were identified and may be related to the sugarcane endophytic and plant-growth promoting traits of G. diazotrophicus. An accessory component of at least 851 genes distributed in genome islands was identified, and was most likely acquired by horizontal gene transfer. This portion of the genome has likely contributed to adaptation to the plant habitat. Conclusion: The genome data offer an important resource of information that can be used to manipulate plant/bacterium interactions with the aim of improving sugarcane crop production and other biotechnological applications

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2008

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq