Carboidratos como fonte de compostos para a indústria de química fina

Coal, oil, natural gas, and shale gas are biomass that is formed millions of years ago. These are non-renewable and depleting, even considering the recent discovery of new sources of oil in the presalt and new technologies for the exploitation of shale deposits. Currently, these raw materials are used as a source of energy production and are also important for the production of fine chemicals. Since these materials are finite and their (oil) price is increasing, it is clear that there will be a progressive increase in the chemical industry to use renewable raw materials as a source of energy, an inevitable necessity for humanity. The major challenge for the society in the twenty first century is to unite governments, universities, research centers, and corporations to jointly act in all areas of science with one goal of finding a solution to global problems, such as conversion of biomass into compounds for the fine chemical industry.Non-renewable raw materials are used in the preparation of fuels, chemical intermediates, and derivatives for the fine chemical industry. However, their stock in nature has a finite duration, and their price is high and will likely increase with their depletion. In this scenario, the alternative is to use renewable biomass as a replacement for petrochemicals in the production of fine chemicals. As the production of biomass-based carbohydrates is the most abundant in nature, it is judicious to develop technologies for the generation of chain products (fuels, chemical intermediates, and derivatives for the fine chemicals industry) using this raw material. This paper presents some aspects and opportunities in the area of carbohydrate chemistry toward the generation of compounds for the fine chemical industry

Preacuerdos y negociaciones para niños, niñas y adolescentes ley 1098 de 2006

La esencia de la propuesta planteada en este trabajo es abogar para que no se niegue la oportunidad a los menores de participar activamente en la solución de los conflictos sociales, ya que este mecanismo propicia la participación del ofensor y ofendido en su resolución. Teniendo en cuenta los fines de la jurisdicción de infancia y adolescencia, en cuanto que prevalecerá el reconocimiento a la igualdad y la dignidad humana, sin discriminación alguna, con la orientación hacía una formación para la integración plena a la sociedad, ello solo es posible cuando al menor se le ofrecen todos elementos para que interiorice la necesidad de una actitud responsables sobre sus actos ante los demás, razón por la cual debe haber una abierta posibilidad que una vez cometida una falta, reconozca su error y sea consciente de la necesidad de repáralo, de la forma en que se le posibilite acudiendo a sus recursos o capacidades, no solamente a través de sus padres, sino contando con sus propios aportes. Esto llevará al menor a explorar y evaluar las bondades de la solución de conflictos y responsabilidad que sobre ellos tiene cada uno de los involucrados.Universidad Libre de Colombia - Facultad de derecho - Maestría en Derecho penalThe essence of the proposal presented in this paper is to advocate for minors to not be denied the opportunity to actively participate in the solution of social conflicts, as this mechanism favors the participation of the offender and the offended in the resolution. Taking into account the purposes of the jurisdiction of childhood and adolescence, in that the recognition of equality and human dignity will prevail, without any discrimination, with the orientation towards a training for full integration into society, this is only possible when the minor is offered all the elements to internalize the need for a responsible attitude about their actions towards others. For this reason, there must be an open possibility that once a fault has been committed, he/she recognizes his/her mistake and is aware of the need to repair it, in the way that is possible, using his/her resources or capacities, not only through his/her parents, but also with his/her own contributions. This will lead the child to explore and evaluate the benefits of conflict resolution and the responsibility of each of the parties involve

Preacuerdos y negociaciones para niños, niñas y adolescentes ley 1098 de 2006

La esencia de la propuesta planteada en este trabajo es abogar para que no se niegue la oportunidad a los menores de participar activamente en la solución de los conflictos sociales, ya que este mecanismo propicia la participación del ofensor y ofendido en su resolución. Teniendo en cuenta los fines de la jurisdicción de infancia y adolescencia, en cuanto que prevalecerá el reconocimiento a la igualdad y la dignidad humana, sin discriminación alguna, con la orientación hacía una formación para la integración plena a la sociedad, ello solo es posible cuando al menor se le ofrecen todos elementos para que interiorice la necesidad de una actitud responsables sobre sus actos ante los demás, razón por la cual debe haber una abierta posibilidad que una vez cometida una falta, reconozca su error y sea consciente de la necesidad de repáralo, de la forma en que se le posibilite acudiendo a sus recursos o capacidades, no solamente a través de sus padres, sino contando con sus propios aportes. Esto llevará al menor a explorar y evaluar las bondades de la solución de conflictos y responsabilidad que sobre ellos tiene cada uno de los involucrados.Universidad Libre de Colombia - Facultad de derecho - Maestría en Derecho penalThe essence of the proposal presented in this paper is to advocate for minors to not be denied the opportunity to actively participate in the solution of social conflicts, as this mechanism favors the participation of the offender and the offended in the resolution. Taking into account the purposes of the jurisdiction of childhood and adolescence, in that the recognition of equality and human dignity will prevail, without any discrimination, with the orientation towards a training for full integration into society, this is only possible when the minor is offered all the elements to internalize the need for a responsible attitude about their actions towards others. For this reason, there must be an open possibility that once a fault has been committed, he/she recognizes his/her mistake and is aware of the need to repair it, in the way that is possible, using his/her resources or capacities, not only through his/her parents, but also with his/her own contributions. This will lead the child to explore and evaluate the benefits of conflict resolution and the responsibility of each of the parties involve

VIVÊNCIA FAMILIAR DO ATENDIMENTO DE EMERGÊNCIA

Objetivo: compreender como a família percebe a vivência do atendimento emergencial a um de seus membros. Método: estudo descritivo de natureza qualitativa, realizado em três municípios do Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados em junho de 2015 por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas no domicílio de 16 indivíduos que acompanharam seus familiares em unidade emergencial. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e submetidas à Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: as famílias revelaram intenso sofrimento durante o atendimento emergencial de seu familiar. A rapidez e resolutividade no atendimento, a presença de comunicação efetiva e a possibilidade de acompanhar a assistência foram percebidas pelos familiares, quando presentes, como qualificadores do atendimento e, quando ausentes, como desqualificadores. Conclusão: a vivência familiar durante o atendimento emergencial foi caracterizada por intenso sofrimento, o qual é diretamente influenciado pelo modo como os profissionais de saúde acolhem e atendem o paciente e sua família.Descritores: Família. Relações Profissional-família. Serviços Médicos de Emergência

POST-COVID-19 HEALTH PROFESSIONALS’ QUALITY OF LIFE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Objective: to evaluate the quality of life of healthcare professionals tested for covid-19 in a polyclinic in the state of Rio de Janeiro.Method: cross-sectional study with 476 health professionals who underwent covid-19 testing from March to July 2020. A World Health Organization sociodemographic and quality of life questionnaire was applied. Scores for each domain were transformed into a 0-100 scale; higher means suggested better perceived quality of life.Results: the most compromised domain was the environment (related to home environment, financial resources, leisure, environment) and the physical domain was the least compromised (related to pain, discomfort, energy, mobility, activity).Conclusion: it is emphasized that post covid-19 healthcare professionals need a thorough look at their quality of life, since they are more prone to negative outcomes by acting in the pandemic, with impact mainly on leisure, pain, discomfort, among others.Objetivo: avaliar a qualidade de vida de profissionais de saúde testados para covid-19 em uma policlínica no estado do Rio de Janeiro.Método: estudo transversal com 476 profissionais de saúde, que realizaram teste para a detecção da covid-19 nos meses de março a julho de 2020. Aplicou-se questionário sociodemográfico e de qualidade de vida da Organização Mundial de Saúde. As pontuações de cada domínio foram transformadas numa escala de 0-100; as médias mais altas sugerem melhor percepção da qualidade de vida.Resultados: o domínio mais comprometido foi o meio ambiente (relacionado a ambiente do lar, recursos financeiros, lazer, ambiente) e o físico o menos comprometido (relacionado a dor, desconforto, energia, mobilidade, atividade).Conclusão: salienta-se que profissionais de saúde pós covid-19 necessitam de olhar minucioso sobre sua qualidade de vida, visto que estão mais propensos a desfechos negativos pela atuação na pandemia, com impacto principalmente no lazer, dor, desconforto, entre outros.Objetivo: evaluar la calidad de vida de los profesionales de la salud sometidos a la prueba del covid-19 en una policlínica del estado de Río de Janeiro. Método: estudio transversal con 476 profesionales sanitarios que se sometieron a la prueba del covid-19 entre marzo y julio de 2020. Se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y de calidad de vida de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Las puntuaciones de cada dominio se transformaron en una escala de 0 a 100; las medias más altas sugieren una mejor percepción de la calidad de vida. Resultados: el dominio más comprometido fue el entorno (relacionado con el ambiente del hogar, los recursos financieros, el ocio, el ambiente) y el dominio físico fue el menos comprometido (relacionado con el dolor, el malestar, la energía, la movilidad, la actividad). Conclusión: se salienta que los profesionales de la salud por debajo de los 19 años necesitan un cuidado minucioso sobre su calidad de vida, ya que son más propensos a los efectos negativos de la pandemia, con impacto principalmente en el recreo, el dolor, el malestar, entre otros

Mindfulness, promoção da saúde e semiótica: bases para modelos comunicacionais em saúde online

Objetivo: analizar un curso en línea sobre promoción de la salud basado en la atención plena (mindfulness) a través de la teoría de la semiótica discursiva en uno de sus desarrollos más recientes, el aspecto visual o plástico. El objetivo es identificar cómo el texto verbal-visual del curso produce significados y cómo puede ayudar en el diseño de otros cursos. Método: se llevó a cabo un análisis semiótico de dos prácticas y una impresión de pantalla del curso llamado Programa de autocuidado basado en la atención plena, en educación a distancia, desarrollado por el Centro Brasileño de Mindfulness y Promoción de la Salud (“Mente Abierta”), del Departamento de Medicina Preventivade de la Universidad Federal de São Paulo. Resultados: se evaluaronlos elementos estéticos que contribuyeron a la construcción de un entorno de práctica eufórica (vinculado a la salud) y se establecieron relaciones entre el plan de contenido y el plan de expresión de práctica, responsables de la construcción de relaciones semi-simbólicas. Conclusión: se confirmó la valoración de una estética de simplicidad de colores y formas, que convergió en una afirmación de los valores de calma y bienestar compatibles con las prácticas de mindfulness. Objetictive: to analyze an online course on health promotion based on mindfulness (mindfulness) through the theory of discursive semiotics in one of its most recent developments, the visual or plastic aspect. The objective is to identify how the verbal-visual text of the course producesmeanings and how it can help in the design of other courses. Method: a semiotic analysis of two practices and a screen print of the course called Mindfulness-Based Self-Care Program, in distance learning, developed by the Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion (“Open Mind”), of the Department of Preventive Medicine at the Federal University of São Paulo. Results: the aesthetic elements that contributed to the construction of an euphoric practice environment (linked to health) were evaluated and relationships were established between the content planand the practice expression plan, responsible for the construction of a semi-symbolic system. Conclusion: it was confirmed the appreciation of an aesthetics of simplicity of colors and shapes that was converged to an affirmation of the values of calm and well-being compatible with the practices of mindfulness. From this analysis, we seek to reflect on the bases for the development of communicational models related to health promotion in a digital environment.Objetivo: identificar como o texto verbo-visual do curso produz sentidos e como isso pode auxiliar na  construção do design de outros cursos. Método: foi feita a análise semiótica de duas práticas e de um print de tela do curso denominadoPrograma de Autocuidado Baseado em Mindfulness, na modalidade Educação à Distância, desenvolvido pelo CentroBrasileiro de Mindfulness e Promoção da Saúde (“Mente Aberta”), do Departamento de Medicina Preventiva da Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Foram avaliados os elementos estéticos que contribuiriam para a construção de um ambiente de prática eufórico (ligado à saúde) e estabelecidas relações entre o plano de conteúdo e o plano de expressão das práticas, responsáveis pela construção de um sistema semissimbólico. Resultados: confirmou-se a valorização de uma estética da simplicidade de cores eformas que converge para uma afirmação dos valores calma e bem-estar compatíveis com as práticas de mindfulness. Conclusão: a partir dessa análise, busca-se refletir sobre asbases para o desenvolvimento de modelos comunicacionais relacionados à promoção da saúde em ambiente digital.

The evaluation of in vitro antichagasic and anti-SARS-CoV-2 potential of inclusion complexes of β- and methyl-β-cyclodextrin with naphthoquinone

Funding Information: The authors thank the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for their financial support. This study was supported by the CAPES — number 88887.505029/2020–00 . Cecilia Gomes Barbosa receives a scholarship funded by CAPES — number 88887.643352/2021–00 . Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Elsevier B.V.The compound 3a,10b-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]naphtho[2,3-d]furan-5,10-dione (IVS320) is a naphthoquinone with antifungal and antichagasic potential, which however has low aqueous solubility. To increase bioavailability, inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) were prepared by physical mixture (PM), kneading (KN) and rotary evaporation (RE), and their in vitro anti-SARS-CoV-2 and antichagasic potential was assessed. The formation of inclusion complexes led to a change in the physicochemical characteristics compared to IVS320 alone as well as a decrease in crystallinity degree that reached 74.44% for the IVS320-MβCD one prepared by RE. The IVS320 and IVS320-MβCD/RE system exhibited anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity, showing half maximal effective concentrations (EC50) of 0.47 and 1.22 μg/mL, respectively. Molecular docking simulation suggested IVS320 ability to interact with the SARS-CoV-2 viral protein. Finally, the highest antichagasic activity, expressed as percentage of Tripanosoma cruzi growth inhibition, was observed with IVS320-βCD/KN (70%) and IVS320-MβCD/PM (72%), while IVS320 alone exhibited only approximately 48% inhibition at the highest concentration (100 μg/mL).publishersversionpublishe