16 research outputs found
Characterization of angiotensin-converting enzymes 1 and 2 in the soleus and plantaris muscles of rats
Between a rock and a hard place: Environmental and engineering considerations when designing coastal defence structures
Coastal defence structures are proliferating as a result of rising sea levels and stormier seas.With the realisation
that most coastal infrastructure cannot be lost or removed, research is required into ways that coastal defence
structures can be built to meet engineering requirements, whilst also providing relevant ecosystem services\u2014
so-called ecological engineering. This approach requires an understanding of the types of assemblages and
their functional roles that are desirable and feasible in these novel ecosystems. We review the major impacts
coastal defence structures have on surrounding environments and recent experiments informing building coastal
defences in a more ecologically sustainable manner. We summarise research carried out during the THESEUS
project (2009\u20132014) which optimised the design of coastal defence structures with the aim to conserve or
restore native species diversity. Native biodiversity could be manipulated on defence structures through various
interventions: we created artificial rock pools, pits and crevices on breakwaters; we deployed a precast habitat
enhancement unit in a coastal defence scheme; we tested the use of a mixture of stone sizes in gabion baskets;
and we gardened native habitat-forming species, such as threatened canopy-forming algae on coastal defence
structures. Finally, we outline guidelines and recommendations to provide multiple ecosystem services while
maintaining engineering efficacy. This work demonstrated that simple enhancement methods can be costeffective
measures to manage local biodiversity. Care is required, however, in the wholesale implementation of
these recommendations without full consideration of the desired effects and overall management goals
Expression of the alpha 5 beta 1 fibronectin receptor on T lymphocytes of patients with HIV-1 infection.
Stenopterobia e Surirella (Bacillariophyceae, Surirellaceae) do Sistema Lago dos Tigres, Britânia, Goiás
Baroreflex control of sympathetic activity in experimental hypertension
The arterial baroreceptor reflex system is one of the most powerful and rapidly acting mechanisms for controlling arterial pressure. The purpose of the present review is to discuss data relating sympathetic activity to the baroreflex control of arterial pressure in two different experimental models: neurogenic hypertension by sinoaortic denervation (SAD) and high-renin hypertension by total aortic ligation between the renal arteries in the rat. SAD depresses baroreflex regulation of renal sympathetic activity in both the acute and chronic phases. However, increased sympathetic activity (100%) was found only in the acute phase of sinoaortic denervation. In the chronic phase of SAD average discharge normalized but the pattern of discharges was different from that found in controls. High-renin hypertensive rats showed overactivity of the renin angiotensin system and a great depression of the baroreflexes, comparable to the depression observed in chronic sinoaortic denervated rats. However, there were no differences in the average tonic sympathetic activity or changes in the pattern of discharges in high-renin rats. We suggest that the difference in the pattern of discharges may contribute to the increase in arterial pressure lability observed in chronic sinoaortic denervated rats