Atração e desenvolvimento de Leptoglossus gonagra (Fabr.) (Hemiptera: Coreidae) em cultivares de abóbora e moranga

As plantas da família Cucurbitaceae são seriamente prejudicadas pelo ataque de insetos, sendo que os danos ocorrem desde a germinação até a colheita e podem ser observados em todas as partes da planta. Dentre os insetos sugadores que atacam a abóbora (Cucurbita moschata) e a moranga (C. maxima), as formas jovens e adultas do percevejo Leptoglossus gonagra (Fabr.) (Hemiptera: Coreidae) merecem destaque por sugarem a seiva das folhas, ramos e frutos novos, nos quais causam necroses, reduzindo a produção. Visando comparar a atratividade de plântulas de cultivares de abóbora e moranga a adultos deste percevejo e os efeitos desses materiais sobre a biologia de ninfas dessa espécie, realizaram-se ensaios sob condições de laboratório. Em teste de atratividade, o cultivar de abóbora BRA015113 destacou-se como o menos atrativo em relação ao cultivar de moranga Exposição, enquanto que o cultivar de abóbora BRA003531 foi o mais atrativo. Todos os cultivares provocaram 100% de mortalidade das ninfas, indicando a presença de componentes antibióticos, adversos ao desenvolvimento de L. gonagra.Cucurbitaceae plants are seriously damaged by attack of insects and the damages are present from germination to harvest, in all parts of the plants. Among sucking insects attacking squash (Cucurbita moschata) and pumpkin (C. maxima), the nymphs and adults of Leptoglossus gonagra (Fabr.) (Hemiptera: Coreidae) are pointed as one of the main pests, sucking leaves, branches and fruits, causing necrosis and reducing the yield. To compare the attractivity of seedlings of squash and pumpkin cultivars in respect to adults of this insect, and the effects of these plants on the biology of the nymphs, assays were carried out under laboratory conditions. For the attractivity test, the BRA015113 squash genotype was the least attractive as compared to the Exposição pumpkin genotype, while BRA003531 was preferred. All the genotypes caused 100% of mortality of the nymphs, indicating the presence of antibiotic components, harmful to the biological development of L. gonagra

Efeito da alimentação de Schizaphis graminum com genótipos de sorgo no desenvolvimento do predador Cycloneda sanguinea

The aphid Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the main pests of sorghum crop. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of this aphid feeding on resistant and susceptible sorghum genotypes on the development of its predator Cycloneda sanguinea (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). The aphid was reared on leaves of sorghum genotypes GR 11111 and TX 430 x GR 111, resistant, GB 3B, moderately resistant, and BR 007B, susceptible to the hemipterous. Larvae of C. sanguinea were fed ad libitum on S. graminum nymphs and adults, daily. The duration and survival of developmental phases of C. sanguinea were not significantly influenced by genotype. Only the fourth instar, the larval phase and the larvae-adult period duration were affected. The weight of C. sanguinea larvae of second instar was not affected by sorghum genotype. For both instars and adult phase, this parameter was differentiate due to each genotype used as host to the aphid. The resistant genotypes GR 11111 and TX 430 x GR 111 do not affect adversely C. sanguinea development and fecundity, during one generation. These genotypes show compatibility with the predator, allowing the S. graminum management on sorghum crop.O pulgão Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) é uma das principais pragas do sorgo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o efeito da alimentação deste inseto com genótipos de sorgo resistentes e suscetíveis no desenvolvimento do predador Cycloneda sanguinea (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). O pulgão foi criado em folhas dos genótipos de sorgo GR 11111 e TX 430 x GR 111, resistentes, GB 3B, de resistência moderada e BR 007B, suscetível ao hemíptero. As larvas de C. sanguinea foram alimentadas diariamente, ad libitum, com ninfas e adultos de S. graminum. A duração das fases de desenvolvimento e a sobrevivência de C. sanguinea não foram influenciadas pelo genótipo. Apenas a duração do quarto ínstar, da fase larval e do período de larva a adulto foram afetadas. O peso de larvas de segundo ínstar de C. sanguinea não foi afetado pelo genótipo. Nos demais ínstares e fase adulta, esse parâmetro foi diferenciado conforme o genótipo de sorgo utilizado como hospedeiro ao pulgão. Os genótipos resistentes GR 11111 e TX 430 x GR 111 não afetam adversamente o desenvolvimento e a fecundidade de C. sanguinea, durante uma geração. Estes genótipos demonstram compatibilidade com o predador e viabilizam o manejo de S. graminum na cultura do sorgo

Influence of fruiting position on cotton production

Estudou-se a distribuição da produção, a qualidade da semente e o peso de frutos em relação às diferentes posições do fruto na planta de algodão. Os dados foram oriundos do mapeamento de 360 plantas da cultivar CNPA 7H, em área irrigada no município de Bom Sucesso, PB. Mais de 80% da produção da cultivar é proveniente do baixeiro e terço médio e da primeira e segunda posição frutífera da planta. A qualidade das sementes é afetada à medida que os frutos se afastam da primeira posição para as demais.Cotton production distribution within the plant, seed quality and fruit weight were studied in relation to fruiting position. Data were produced by mapping 360 cotton plants cultivar CNPA 7H which were grown under irrigation in Bom Sucesso, PB. According to the results more than 80% of the total plant yield comes from the botton and middle of the plant and from the first and second fruiting position. Seed quality was affected as the boll position distanced from the first position

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P &lt; 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

Resistance of wild and near isogenic bean lines with arcelin variants to Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman): I - Winter crop

Verificou-se a resistência de linhagens de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris) portadoras de arcelina nas sementes e provenientes de plantio de inverno, a Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Foram conduzidos dois ensaios em laboratório, sem e com chance de escolha, com os genótipos: Arc. 1, Arc. 2, Arc. 3, Arc. 4, (linhagens quase-isogênicas contendo arcelina 1, 2, 3 e 4, respectivamente); Arc. 1S, Arc. 3S, Arc. 5S (linhagens selvagens contendo arcelina 1, 3 e 5, respectivamente); IAPAR MD-808 e Porrillo 70. Utilizaram-se parcelas com 10g de cada linhagem e a proporção de 7 casais adultos/parcela. Observaram-se a atratividade, a oviposição, a emergência e o peso de adultos, a mortalidade, o período de desenvolvimento e a perda de peso das sementes. Constatou-se a não-preferência do inseto (atração e oviposição) somente para os genótipos Arc. 3S e Arc. 5S. Os genótipos selvagens Arc. 5S e Arc. 1S e as linhagens quase-isogênicas Arc. 1 e Arc. 2, apresentaram alta resistência (antibiose) a Z. subfasciatus; as linhagens Arc. 4 e Arc. 3 apresentaram resistência moderada, provavelmente devido a não-preferência para alimentação.The objective of this study was to determine the resistance of winter crops of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) lines with arcelin variants to Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Two trials, a no-choice test and a free-choice test, were set up under laboratory conditions using genotypes Arc. 1, Arc. 2, Arc. 3 and Arc. 4 (near isogenic lines containing arcelin 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively), genotypes Arc. 1S, Arc. 3S and Arc. 5S (wild lines containing arcelin 1, 3 and 5, respectively), and genotypes IAPAR MD-808 and Porrillo 70. Plots with 10 g of each line and a proportion of 7 adult pairs/plot were used. Attractiveness, oviposition, emergence and adult weight, mortality, developmental period, and seed weight loss were determined. Nonpreference (attraction and oviposition) was observed only for the wild genotypes Arc. 3S and Arc. 5S. The wild genotypes Arc. 5S and Arc. 1S and the near isogenic lines Arc. 1 and Arc. 2 presented high resistance of the antibiosis type to Z. subfasciatus. Arc. 4 and Arc. 3 presented moderate resistance, probably due to feeding nonpreference.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Estratégia partidária e preferência dos eleitores: as eleições municipais em São Paulo entre 1985 e 2004

O artigo reconstitui a história eleitoral da cidade de São Paulo discutindo as eleições para prefeito transcorridas entre 1985 e 2004. Os resultados são explicados com base em um modelo que considera a interação entre as estratégias dos partidos e a transformação das preferências dos eleitores. Partidos de direita e de esquerda foram os grandes vencedores, com vantagem para os primeiros. Contudo, eleitores de centro foram decisivos e sua inclinação, ora à direita, ora à esquerda, explica a alternância no poder entre o PDS-PP e o PT. A exceção fica para a última eleição, em que ocorre uma divisão mais nítida entre um bloco de centro-direita, comandado pelo PSDB, e um de esquerda, liderado pelo PT.The paper reconstitutes the electoral history of the mayoral election in São Paulo from 1985 to 2004. Outcomes are explained stressing the importance of two inter-related variables: party strategy and voter's preference. The main winners are the rightist (PDS-PP) and the leftist (PT) parties. However, the leanings of the voters located at the center of the distribution explain the final outcome and the alternation of victories between right and left from 1988 up to 2000. The 2004 election points toward a deeper and clearer division between two distinct blocks: the center-right led by PSDB and the left led by PT

Resistance of herbaceous cotton to Anthonomus grandis Boheman, 1843 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and interaction with insecticide

O experimento foi conduzido nos campos experimentais da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - Campus de Jaboticabal - UNESP, Estado de São Paulo, nos anos agrícolas de 1990/1991. A finalidade do trabalho foi verificar a resistência de alguns genótipos de algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsutum L.) a Anthonomus grandis e a interação com inseticida. O genótipo La 780-843FR evidenciou os menores índices percentuais de botões florais atacados pelo inseto e melhores resultados na interação com o inseticida.The experiment was carried out at Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - Campus de Jaboticabal - UNESP, São Paulo State, in 1990/1991, to verify the resistance of some herbaceous cotton genotypes (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to boll weevil, and the interaction of these genotypes with insecticide. The genotype La780-843FR showed the smallest percent values of square buds damage by the boll weevil and the best results in interaction with the insecticide