PS-HEMA latex fractionation by sedimentation and colloidal crystallization

A poly(styrene-co-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) latex underwent sedimentation under gravity followed by an spontaneous and extensive colloidal crystallization. It was then fractionated in three visually distinguishable layers. Latex aliquots layers were sampled at different heigths and the particles were characterized by PCS, microelectrophoresis, infrared spectra and analytical electron microscopy. The major fraction was opalescent and contained the colloidal crystals settled in the bottom of the liquid. Two other latex fractions were obtained, which differed in their chemical compositions, particle sizes and topochemical features from the self-arraying particles. Macrocrystallization of the fractionated latex yielded high quality crystals with a low frequency of defects, which confirms that particle chemical homogeneity is an important factor for particle self-arraying.Látex de poli(estireno-co-hidroxiacrilato de metila) separa-se em três camadas visualmente distinguíveis, das quais a inferior é opalescente e contém cristais coloidais. Alíquotas do látex foram coletadas em diferentes alturas, e as partículas foram caracterizadas, por espalhamento de luz dinâmico, microeletroforese, IV e microscopia eletrônica analítica. A fração inferior contém a maior parte do polímero, sendo formada por partículas de dimensões e composição química uniformes. As partículas coletadas das duas outras frações são diferentes das que formam os cristais coloidais, em praticamente todos os aspectos. A secagem da fração opalescente produz macrocristais de alta qualidade, com baixa frequência de defeitos, mostrando que a homogeneidade química das partículas é um fator importante, na sua auto-organização.497504Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Aggregate stability and carbon and nutrients distribution in an Acrisol under organic and mineral fertilization

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o impacto da adubação orgânica e mineral sobre a estabilidade de agregados e a distribuição de C, N e P, em classes de agregados de um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo. Os tratamentos consistiram de 0 e 40 m3 ha-1 por ano de adubação orgânica e de 0, 250 e 500 kg ha-1 de adubação mineral N–P–K da fórmula 4–14–8. Uma área sob floresta atlântica foi utilizada como referência. Amostras foram coletadas nas camadas de 0–10 e 10–20 cm. Houve predomínio da classe de agregados entre 4 e 2 mm, que correspondeu a 39,7% do total de agregados separados por via seca no tratamento com composto orgânico. Os teores de C orgânico total para adubação orgânica foram 17,5 e 36,7% maiores para as classes 4–2 e 0,105–0,25 mm. A adubação orgânica contribuiu para teores de N e P totais de 43 e 38,7% (0–10 cm) e 35,4 e 36,8% (10–20 cm), maiores que os dos tratamentos sem adubo orgânico. A relação carbono/nitrogênio se manteve constante entre as classes de agregados de um mesmo tratamento, enquanto a de carbono/fósforo reduziu com o uso de adubo orgânico ou mineral, em relação à mata nativa. Os índices de estabilidade de agregados se correlacionaram positivamente aos teores de carbono orgânico total da classe 4–2 mm.The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of mineral and organic fertilization on the soil-water aggregate stability and on the distribution of C, N and P in different classes of aggregates in an Acrisol. The treatments were 0 and 40 m3 ha-1 per year of organic fertilizer and 0, 250 and 500 kg ha-1 of mineral fertilizer N–P–K of the formula 4–14–8. An area under Atlantic forest was used as reference. Soil samples were collected at 0–10 and 10–20 cm depths. The distribution of aggregates showed the highest values from 4 to 2 mm. In the organic fertilizer treatment, the aggregates 4–2 mm corresponded to 39.7% of the total on the soil. For the aggregates 4–2 and 0.105–0.25 mm, the total organic carbon contents were 17.5 and 36.7% higher in the organic fertilizer treatments. The organic fertilization contributed to values of N and P of 43 and 38.7% (0–10 cm) and 35.4 and 36.8% (10–20 cm), which were higher than the treatments without organic fertilizer. The carbon/nitrogen ratio did not vary among the aggregate classes in the same treatment. However, the carbon/phosphorus ratio was reduced with the use of organic and mineral fertilizer. The indexes of aggregates stability were positively correlated with the content of total organic carbon in the 4–2 mm

Developing software IVO for clinical, laboratory, therapeutic and cost data collection for Sickle Cell Anemia

The challenge to improve the treatment of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is to plan for managers and health professionals, as well as to estimate the necessary costs. To this end, research should be developed to support the health area, with emphasis on the development of software that complements data collection. For these reasons, the objective of this study is to describe the development of software for the collection of cost information and clinical, laboratory and therapeutic data of patients with SCD, which can be used in the future by other areas of health. This is an experimental and applied research focused on technological production. The applied process model was incremental and followed the steps of communication, planning, modeling and development.  The first version is in the testing phase and presents the record format, does not require internet connection, can interact with Windows®, Linux® or MacOS® operating systems and encrypt data for storage. In the next increments, the customization of the fields with a broad structure for data collection; data export in spreadsheet format for use in external tools; creation of customized reports and central database stands out

Comparison of resazurin microtiter assay performance and BACTEC MGIT 960 in the susceptibility testing of Brazilian clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to four first-line drugs

We assessed the performance of REMA in comparison with BACTEC MGIT 960 in the susceptibility testing of 80 Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from Clemente Ferreira Institute against four drugs. REMA proved to be a rapid and accurate method, providing excellent correlation with BACTEC MGIT 960, with the exception of results for the ethambutol drug

Is the efflux pump inhibitor Verapamil a potential booster for isoniazid against Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

The membrane-based efflux pump systems are recognized to have an important role in pathogenicity and drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by the extrusion of toxic substrates and drugs from the inner bacillus. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro interaction of Verapamil (VP), an efflux pump inhibitor, with the classical first-line anti-tuberculosis drug isoniazid (INH) in resistant and susceptible M. tuberculosis clinical isolates. Seven multidrug-resistant (MDR), three INH monoresistant and four susceptible M. tuberculosis clinical isolates were tested for the INH and VP combination by modified Resazurin Microtiter Assay Plate (REMA). Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) and Modulation Factor (MF) were determined. The INH plus VP combination showed no significant change in the Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of INH (FIC≥ 0.5; MF=1 or 2).The use of VP in tuberculosis therapy should be managed carefully, considering the resistance caused by specific mutation in katG and inhA genes, in which the use of these EPIs may have no success. The use of EPIs as an adjunctive drug in the anti-tuberculosis therapy should be further investigated on a larger number of M. tuberculosis clinical isolates with different resistant profile

INOCULATION AND MINERAL FERTILIZATION IN COWPEA: EFFECTS ON NODULATION, PLANT GROWTH AND YIELD

The nodulation and growth of legumes have influences of nutrients contained in the soil, mainly P, K and Mo. The present study aimed to evaluate, in field, the effect of inoculation with Bradyrhizobium elkanii and soil fertilized with P, K and Mo on nodulation, plant growth and yield in cowpea (BRS Guariba). The experiment was carried out in an experimental area at Teresina, PI. The treatments were disposed in a completely randomized block with six treatments and four repetitions. The treatments consisted of presence and absence of soil fertilization with P, K and Mo and planted with seeds inoculated or non-inoculated. In the treatment with inoculation, an inoculant was used containing Bradyrhizobium elkanii, strain BR 3262. The sowing was conduced out in plots of 3.2 m x 5.0 m and the collect of data was conduced to the 35 and 50 days after plant emergence (DAE) for the determination of nodulation and plant growth. The yield was determined 58 DAE. Differences were not verified among the treatments to root and shoot dry weight and increase in N at 35 DAE, to root dry weight at 50 DAE and to grain yield. In soil with appropriate P, K content, the inoculation with Bradyrhizobium elkanii plus P, K and Mo fertilization not contributed to increase in the nodule number and dry weight and nor either of the grain yield of cowpea.A nodulação e o crescimento das leguminosas têm influência dos nutrientes contidos no solo, principalmente P, K e Mo. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar em campo o efeito da inoculação com Bradyrhizobium elkanii e da adubação com P, K e Mo sobre a nodulação, crescimento e produtividade de feijão-caupi (cultivar BRS Guariba). O estudo foi conduzido em uma área experimental, utilizando-se um Neossolo Flúvico, em Teresina, PI. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em um delineamento em blocos casualizados com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de aplicação ou não de P, K e Mo no solo e de inoculante rizobiano nas sementes. No tratamento com inoculação foi utilizado um inoculante a base de turfa contendo Bradyrhizobium elkanii, estirpe BR 3262. A semeadura foi realizada em parcela experimental de 3,2 m x 5,0 m e procederam-se as coletas dos dados aos 35 e 50 dias após a emergência (DAE) para a determinação do número e massa seca dos nódulos e das massas secas da parte aérea e raiz e acúmulo de N na parte aérea. A produtividade de grãos foi determinada aos 58 DAE. Não se verificou diferença entre os tratamentos para massa seca das raízes, parte aérea e acúmulo de N aos 35 DAE, para massa seca das raízes aos 50 DAE e para a produtividade de grãos. Em solo com adequado conteúdo de P e K a inoculação com Bradyrhizobium elkanii associada à adubação fosfatada, potássica e molíbidica não contribuiu para o aumento do número e massa dos nódulos e nem tampouco da produtividade de grãos de feijão-caupi

Nurses knowledge in Transfusion Medicine in a Portuguese university hospital: the impact of an education

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Manual de referência FPN para o ensino e aperfeiçoamento em natação: um modelo multidisciplinar

ligadas à prática da natação e pretende, com a sua experiência na missão de melhorar as condições de prática das disciplinas competitivas, estender a todas as entidades e praticantes de atividades aquáticas os benefícios duma organização de âmbito nacional, com abrangência insular, regional e local. No âmbito do PEFPN_2014-2024, e da análise dos fatores de competitividade, da missão e visão institucionais da FPN, decorreram quatro vetores estratégicos: (i) massificar a prática da natação; (ii) desenvolver a prática desportiva; (iii) render e competir ao alto nível; (iv) sustentar a atividade: estrutural e funcional (transversal a todos os restantes).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio