71 research outputs found

    Die metaphorische Bedeutungsvielfalt von Präpositionen im DaF-Unterricht an brasilianischen Hochschulen

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    Seit der Schlüsselpublikation Metaphors We Live By (Lakoff & Johnson 1980) wenden sich immer mehr Linguisten der kognitiven Verankerung sprachlicher Strukturen zu und schenken insbesondere dem bildschematischen Gehalt von Präposit i- onen sowie ihren metaphorischen Bedeutungserweiterungen besondere Beachtung, wie u.a. die Pionierarbeit von Brugman & Lakoff (1988) zur Polysemie der Präposition over bezeugt. Gerade im Kontext ‚Deutsch als Fremdsprache‘ (DaF) sind solche Untersuchungen wertvoll, da Präpositionen im Deutschen zusätzlich auch als Nachverb und Präfix Bedeutu ng erlangen, was Bellavia (2007: 80 - 158) u.a. anhand von um und über erarbeitet. Dennoch fehlt bislang noch eine adäquate Hereinnahme dieser Erkenntnisse in die Lehrwerke im DaF - Bereich, wie wir in diesem Beitrag aufzeigen werden. Im Anschluss daran illust rieren wir, wie Deutschlernende auf die kognitive Motiviertheit und die damit verbundene Strukturiertheit des fremdsprachlichen Wor t- schatzes aufmerksam gemacht werden können, und schlagen Übungen auf der Basis authentischer Sprachkorpora vor, die sich u.a. auch Korpusanalysen zunutze machen

    Síndrome de Jael: relato de caso / Jael syndrome: case report

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    INTRODUÇÃO: As injurias penetrantes na região maxilofacial possuem diversas naturezas e podem causar uma ameaça à vida. Lesões por objetos penetrantes podem incorporar parcial ou completamente um corpo estranho, e um exemplo clássico desse tipo de lesão é a síndrome de Jael, assim denominada quando ocorre uma lesão por empalamento por arma branca na região craniofacial. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o tratamento cirúrgico de um paciente com Síndrome de Jael. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente, 37 anos, vítima de ferimento por arma de fogo (PAF), foi atendido na emergência, apresentando ao exame clínico extenso edema, causado pela presença de um corpo estranho penetrado na região infraorbitária direita, com acometimento do globo ocular. Ao exame de imagem, foi evidenciado um corpo estranho invadindo o seio maxilar direito, com imagem sugestiva de fratura no rebordo infraorbitário direito e fratura no côndilo ipslateral. O corpo estranho foi removido, a pálpebra inferior foi reconstruída, seguida pela tarsorrafia. O tratamento das fraturas foi conservador. CONCLUSÃO: A presença de corpos estranhos em face, como observada na Síndrome de Jael, deve ser manejada observando-se o comprometimento das estruturas adjacentes, que podem acarretar complicações imediatas ou tardias. A remoção desses objetos deve ser realizada de forma a preservar as estruturas dentro do possível, levando em consideração também os fatores estéticos e funcionais envolvidos

    Comparison of Cognitive Performance between Elderly Training Practices with Weights and Sedentaria

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    Comparison of cognitive performance among elderly people practicing training with weights and sedentary lifestyle. Estudy descriptive, cross-sectional and comparative, composition for 24 elderly between 60 and 70 years, divided into 2 groups, (G1) submitted to weight training and sedentary (G2). The G1 was submitted to 32 training sessions with traditional weight. Both groups were submitted to CogState® computerized cognitive testing batteries. The data were not parametric, using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for the analysis of the dispersion curve and the Mann-Whitney test in the comparison of the cognitive performance variables. The results were performed with a significance level of 0.05 by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS®), version 16.0. The best cognitive performance was observed among the elderly practicing resistance exercises, as well as significant differences in the TRS and TRE variables. Elderly people who exercise with weights when compared with cognitive performance demonstrate results of the paradigms when compared to the elderly. With this, he concludes that weight training is effective in improving cognitive performance

    Síndrome DRESS: uma revisão do diagnóstico e do tratamento

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    This article aims to scan the current medical literature on DRESS syndrome. Integrative review in the BVS, LILACS, SciELO, PubMed database of works published between 2019 and 2023, combining the descriptors "DRESS syndrome", "diagnosis" and "treatment" with the Boolean descriptor "AND". DRESS syndrome is a pharmacodermia that can be caused by several medications (mainly anticonvulsants), identified as an antigen by the body, triggering hypersensitivity of T lymphocytes. The time between exposure and reaction varies from two to six weeks. It is concluded that DRESS Syndrome is a severe drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction with high morbidity and mortality. This review demonstrates the importance of early diagnosis and medication suspension. More studies are still needed to reach a consensus on diagnosis and treatment.Este artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma varredura da literatura médica vigente sobre síndrome de DRESS. Revisão integrativa no banco de dados da BVS, LILACS, SciELO, PubMed de trabalhos publicados entre 2019 e 2023, combinando os descritores "síndrome de DRESS", "diagnóstico" e "tratamento" ao descritor booleano "AND". A síndrome DRESS é uma farmacodermia que pode ser causada por diversas medicações (principalmente os anticonvulsivantes), identificadas como antígeno pelo organismo, desencadeando hipersensibilidade de linfócitos T. O tempo entre exposição e reação varia de duas a seis semanas. Conclui-se que a Síndrome DRESS é uma reação grave de hipersensibilidade induzida por drogas com alta morbimortalidade. Essa revisão demonstra a importância do diagnóstico precoce e a suspensão da medicação. Ainda são necessários mais estudos para consenso diagnóstico e tratamento

    A ética do silêncio racial no contexto urbano: políticas públicas e desigualdade social no Recife, 1900-1940

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    Mais de meio século após o preconceito racial ter se tornado o principal alvo dos movimentos urbanos pelos direitos civis nos Estados Unidos e na África do Sul, e décadas depois do surgimento dos movimentos negros contemporâneos no Brasil, o conjunto de ferramentas legislativas criado no Brasil para promover o direito à cidade ainda adere à longa tradição brasileira de silêncio acerca da questão racial. Este artigo propõe iniciar uma exploração das raízes históricas desse fenômeno, remontando ao surgimento do silêncio sobre a questão racial na política urbana do Recife, Brasil, durante a primeira metade do século XX. O Recife foi eé um exemplo paradigmático do processo pelo qual uma cidade amplamente marcada por traços negros e africanos chegou a ser definida política e legalmente como um espaço pobre, subdesenvolvido e racialmente neutro, onde as desigualdades sociais originaram na exclusão capitalista, e não na escravidão e nas ideologias do racismo científico. Neste sentido, Recife lança luzes sobre a política urbana que se gerou sob a sombra do silêncio racial.More than half a century after racial prejudice became central to urban civil rights movements in the United States and South Africa, and decades after the emergence of Brazil’s contemporary Black movements, Brazil's internationally recognized body of rights-to-the-city legislation still adheres to the country's long historical tradition of racial silence. This article explores the historical roots of this phenomenon by focusing on the emergence of racial silence in Recife, Brazil during the first half of the 20th Century. Recife was and remains a paradigmatic example of the process through which a city marked by its Black and African roots came to be legally and politically defined as a poor, underdeveloped and racially neutral space, where social inequalities derived from capitalist exclusion rather than from slavery and scientific racism. As such, Recife'sexperience sheds light on the urban policies that were generated in the shadow of racial silence

    AS AVENTURAS DO MARXISMO NO BRASIL

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    ATLANTIC-PRIMATES: a dataset of communities and occurrences of primates in the Atlantic Forests of South America

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    Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and emerging infectious diseases. There are 26 primate species in the Atlantic Forests of South America, 19 of them endemic. We compiled a dataset of 5,472 georeferenced locations of 26 native and 1 introduced primate species, as hybrids in the genera Callithrix and Alouatta. The dataset includes 700 primate communities, 8,121 single species occurrences and 714 estimates of primate population sizes, covering most natural forest types of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina and some other biomes. On average, primate communities of the Atlantic Forest harbor 2 ± 1 species (range = 1–6). However, about 40% of primate communities contain only one species. Alouatta guariba (N = 2,188 records) and Sapajus nigritus (N = 1,127) were the species with the most records. Callicebus barbarabrownae (N = 35), Leontopithecus caissara (N = 38), and Sapajus libidinosus (N = 41) were the species with the least records. Recorded primate densities varied from 0.004 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta guariba at Fragmento do Bugre, Paraná, Brazil) to 400 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta caraya in Santiago, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Our dataset reflects disparity between the numerous primate census conducted in the Atlantic Forest, in contrast to the scarcity of estimates of population sizes and densities. With these data, researchers can develop different macroecological and regional level studies, focusing on communities, populations, species co-occurrence and distribution patterns. Moreover, the data can also be used to assess the consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and disease outbreaks on different ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, species invasion or extinction, and community dynamics. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this Data Paper when the data are used in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using the data. © 2018 by the The Authors. Ecology © 2018 The Ecological Society of Americ
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