DESENVOLVIMENTO DE CADEIAS DE PRODUÇÃO LOCAIS E SUA INTER-RELAÇÃO COM A ECONOMIA GLOBAL: O CASO DA BANANA NO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO

Um dos pontos importantes que devem ser atendidos por políticas públicas é como integrar o relacionamento de um determinado setor com a economia global, sendo que a questão a ser resolvida é sobre como gerar possibilidades para que o empresário local possa competir em um ambiente globalizado. A integração com o mercado globalizado é uma realidade para todas as cadeias produtivas dos países em desenvolvimento. Mesmo que não haja uma integração formal, as cadeias produtivas vêm, no mínimo sofrendo a concorrência das redes varejistas que constantemente oferecem produtos novos com origens diversas, dentro ou fora do país. Este estudo visa apresentar uma análise da cadeia produtiva da banana no Estado do Rio de Janeiro e sua interação com as cadeias produtivas globais. É importante que o ambiente de análise se estenda às redes globais de produção e distribuição, como forma de avaliar o impacto que uma determinada região produtiva sofre na competitividade dos seus produtos. Quanto maior for a distância entre a organização da produção local e as cadeias produtivas globais, mais importante será a elaboração de um sistema de inovação local efetivo, que inclua iniciativas coletivas privadas, bem como o suporte de organizações públicas.-----------------------------------------------One of the important issues to be regarded by public policies is how to integrate the relations of a certain sector to the global markets. The matter to be answered is how to create possibilities to the local entrepreneur become competitive in a globalized environment. The integration with global markets is a reality for every product chain at developing countries. Even though there is no formal integration, the local product chains are, at least, suffering the competition of the transnational retail chains that constantly offer products from various origins inside outside the country. This paper aims to present a analysis regarding the banana production chain at Rio de Janeiro State and its interaction with the global product chain. It is important that the analysis environment extends to the global production and distribution network, as a frame to evaluate tha impact suffer by the regional production over its product competitiveness. The biggest is the distance between the local production organization and the global product chains, the more important becomes de creation of an effective local innovation system, which includes collective private initiative, as well as good public policies.Desenvolvimento local e global, banana, cadeia de produção, Local e global development, banana, production chain, International Relations/Trade,

A Deep Learning approach to prevent problematic movements of industrial workers based on inertial sensors

Nowadays, manufacturing industries still face difficulties applying traditional Work-related MusculoSkeletal Disorders (WMSDs) risk assessment methods due to the high effort required by a continuous data collection when using observational methods. An interesting solution is to adopt Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) to automate the data collection, thus supporting occupational health professionals. In this paper, we propose a deep learning approach to predict human motion based on IMU data with the goal of preventing industrial worker problematic movements that can arise during repetitive actions. The proposed system includes an initial Madgwick filter to merge the raw inertial tri-axis sensor data into a single angle orientation time series. Then, a Machine Learning (ML) algorithm is trained with the obtained time series, allowing to build a forecasting model. The effectiveness of the developed system was validated by using an open-source dataset composed of different motions for the upper body collected in a laboratory environment, aiming to monitor the abduction/adduction angle of the arm. Firstly, distinct ML algorithms were compared for a single angle orientation time series prediction, including: three Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) methods - a one layer, a stacked layer and a Sequence to Sequence (Seq2Seq) model; and three non deep learning methods - a Multiple Linear Regression, a Random Forest and a Support Vector Machine. The best results were provided by the Seq2Seq LSTM model, which was further evaluated for WMSD prevention by considering 11 human subject datasets and two evaluation procedures (single person and multiple person training and testing). Overall, interesting results were achieved, particularly for multiple person evaluation, where the proposed Seq2Seq LSTM has shown an excellent capability to anticipate problematic movements.This article is a result of the project STVgoDigital - Digitalization of the T&C sector (POCI-01-0247-FEDER-046086), supported by COMPETE 2020, under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional De velopment Fund (ERDF)

DIAGNÓSTICO SÓCIO-ECONÔMICO E IMPLANTAÇÃO DE ARRANJO PRODUTIVO LOCAL (APL) DA BANANA ORGÂNICA NO RIO DE JANEIRO

O agronegócio do Leite desempenha um papel importante dentro do setor agropecuário; todavia, tem sofrido os efeitos das diversas políticas macroeconômicas e setoriais. De forma semelhante, o agronegócio do leite tem relevância para o estado de Rondônia. A característica da produção no Estado está centrada na monocultura familiar de baixa produtividade, donde é possível inferir que os riscos de produção são elevados. Isto posto, esse trabalho teve a finalidade mensurar o quão arriscado é a atividade de uma propriedade rural. Os resultados indicaram que os riscos são de fato bastante elevados; todavia, identificou-se que o fator gerencial é importante para os riscos permaneçam altos, ou seja, decisões gerenciais são capazes alterar esse quadro como elevar retornos e/ou reduzir riscos, através de investimentos em equipamentos ou produção de outras culturas na propriedade.--------------------------------------------The Milk agribusiness plays an important role in the agricultural sector, however, has suffered various macroeconomic and sectoral policies effects. Similarly, the milk agribusiness has relevance to the Rondonia State. The characteristic of production inside the state is focused on low productivity monoculture family, and it is possible to infer that the production risks are high. This study had the objective measure risky level in a milk farm. The results indicated that the risks are indeed high, but was identified as well that the managerial factor is important for the risks remain high. The managerial decisions are able to change that framework by raise returns and/or reduce risk through investment in equipment or production of other crops on the property.Leite, Risco, Rondônia, gestão, decisão, Milk, Risk, Rondonia, management, decision, Agribusiness, Livestock Production/Industries,

Operational Performance of an AnaerobicAnoxic-Aerobic Treatment System

Um sistema anaeróbio (UASB) - híbrido aeróbio (lodo ativado com biomassa suspensa e aderidaligado) foi avaliado na remoção de matéria orgânica, sólidos e nitrogênio após sua fase pré-operacional. As análises foram feitas semanalmente com base em amostras compostas, preparadas por amostras individuais coletadas a cada quatro horas, durante o ciclo de 24 horas, ponderadas pela vazão, em cada ponto de monitoramento (esgoto bruto, UASB, câmara anóxica, reatores aeróbios, linha de recirculação de lodo decantadores secundários e efluente final). A ETE apresentou uma vazão média de 908 m3/h com picos entre 10 e 14 h. A DBO foi removida em 86 % (310 para 41 mg/L), sendo a maior parcela nos reatores UASB (70 %) e a remoção de sólidos suspensos totais atingiu 63 % (190 a 94 mg/L). A remoção média de TKN (71 %) e Amônia (77 %) foi superior ao valor predito pelo projeto e, provavelmente, o processo de nitrificação-desnitrificação não foi a rota dominante.An anaerobic (UASB) – hybrid aerobic (suspended and attached growth activated sludge) wastewater treatment system was evaluated on the removal of organic matter, solids and nitrogen following its pre-operational phase. Analysis were made weekly based on composite samples, prepared by grab samples taken every four hours, during 24-hour cycle, weighted by flow rate, on each monitoring point (raw sewage, UASB, anoxic chamber, aerobic reactors, return sludge from secondary decanters and final effluent). The plant presented an average flow rate of 908 m3/h with peaks from 10 to 14 h. BOD was removed by 86 % (310 to 41 mg/L) being the highest parcel accounted by UASB reactors (70 %) and removal of total suspended solids reached 63 % (190 to 94 mg/L). Mean removals of TKN (71 %) and Ammonium (77 %) were above the value predicted by design and, probably the nitrification-denitrification process was not the dominant route

Impact of contact lens materials on the mfERG response of the human retina

Purpose To investigate the effect of different hydrophilic and rigid gas-permeable contact lens (CL) materials on multifocal electroretinography (mfERG). Methods The mfERG was recorded in 18 healthy subjects with RETI-port/scan21 (TM): 11 subjects underwent mfERG recording wearing two different hydrophilic CLs with different water contents in a randomized order (1 silicone hydrogel-Comfilcon A, 48%EWC, and 1 hydrogel-Omafilcon A, 62% EWC) and 7 other subjects wore a hydrophobic rigid gas-permeable scleral lens (SL)-Hexafocon A. Control measures were recorded without CL in both groups. mfERG recordings were performed with a stimulus array pattern of 103-scaled hexagons displayed on a 19-inch RGB monitor at 28 cm distance at a frame rate of 60 Hz. The amplitude (nV), implicit time and response density (nV/deg(2)) of the first-order kernel components N1, P1 and N2 were evaluated for the total mfERG response and for the response averages of 4 quadrants and of 6 successive concentric rings. Subjects were optically corrected for the working distance of ERG display. Results Hydrophobic material significantly decreased the P1 amplitude of the total mfERG response, at Rings 3, 4 and 6 and Quadrant 4 (> 53.77 +/- 43.2 nV; P <= 0.050), as well as the total (- 71.59 +/- 50.68 nV) and Ring 6 (- 104.76 +/- 79.88 nV) N2 amplitude (P <= 0.043). N1, P1 and N2 peak times suffered significant changes with both hydrophilic CL (P <= 0.050). Omafilcon A significantly increased P1 amplitude of Ring 5 and N2 amplitude of Ring 4, when compared to baseline (52.40 +/- 71.87 nV; P = 0.036) and to Comfilcon A (39.51 +/- 48.63 nV; P = 0.023), respectively. Conclusions Hydrophobic CL slightly attenuated the strength of the mfERG signal, especially at the middle to peripheral retinal areas, while hydrophilic CL slightly changed the implicit time of the response. Different hydrophilic CL materials might affect the mfERG response differently. When considering the measurement of mfERG obtained with a CL in place, researchers should bear in mind thThis project was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) in the framework of projects PTDC/FIS-OPT/0677/2014 and the FCT Strategic Funding UID/FIS/04650/2013, FCT- SFRH/BPD/92365/2013 and SFRH/BD/136684/2018

Suicide rates and trends in Sao Paulo, Brazil, according to gender, age and demographic aspects: a joinpoint regression analysis

Objective: To evaluate suicide rates and trends in Sao Paulo by sex, age-strata, and methods. Methods: Data was collected from State registry from 1996 to 2009. Population was estimated using the National Census. We utilized joinpoint regression analysis to explore temporal trends. We also evaluated marital status, ethnicity, birthplace and methods for suicide. Results: In the period analyzed, 6,002 suicides were accrued with a rate of 4.6 per 100,000 (7.5 in men and 2.0 in women); the male-to-female ratio was around 3.7. Trends for men presented a significant decline of 5.3% per year from 1996 to 2002, and a significant increase of 2.5% from 2002 onwards. Women did not present significant changes. For men, the elderly (&gt; 65 years) had a significant reduction of 2.3% per year, while younger men (25-44 years) presented a significant increase of 8.6% from 2004 onwards. Women did not present significant trend changes according to age. Leading suicide methods were hanging and poisoning for men and women, respectively. Other analyses showed an increased suicide risk ratio for singles and foreigners. Conclusions: Specific epidemiological trends for suicide in the city of Sao Paulo that warrant further investigation were identified. High-risk groups - such as immigrants - could benefit from targeted strategies of suicide prevention

Blood Group Antigen Studies Using Cdte Quantum Dots And Flow Cytometry.

New methods of analysis involving semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots [QDs]) as fluorescent probes have been highlighted in life science. QDs present some advantages when compared to organic dyes, such as size-tunable emission spectra, broad absorption bands, and principally exceptional resistance to photobleaching. Methods applying QDs can be simple, not laborious, and can present high sensibility, allowing biomolecule identification and quantification with high specificity. In this context, the aim of this work was to apply dual-color CdTe QDs to quantify red blood cell (RBC) antigen expression on cell surface by flow cytometric analysis. QDs were conjugated to anti-A or anti-B monoclonal antibodies, as well as to the anti-H (Ulex europaeus I) lectin, to investigate RBCs of A1, B, A1B, O, A2, and Aweak donors. Bioconjugates were capable of distinguishing the different expressions of RBC antigens, both by labeling efficiency and by flow cytometry histogram profile. Furthermore, results showed that RBCs from Aweak donors present fewer amounts of A antigens and higher amounts of H, when compared to A1 RBCs. In the A group, the amount of A antigens decreased as A1 > A3 > AX = Ael, while H antigens were AX = Ael > A1. Bioconjugates presented stability and remained active for at least 6 months. In conclusion, this methodology with high sensibility and specificity can be applied to study a variety of RBC antigens, and, as a quantitative tool, can help in achieving a better comprehension of the antigen expression patterns on RBC membranes.104393-440

ANTEROMEDIAL OR CENTRAL ANATOMIC ACL RECONSTRUCTION? A CADAVERIC HIP-TO-TOE STUDY

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare anatomic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction between two tunnel positions in knees with isolated ligament tears. Methods: Anatomic ACL reconstruction was performed, from hip-to-toe, on 15 fresh cadaveric specimens. No associated lesions were created to enhance knee instability. The protocol was conducted in three states: (1) complete isolated ACL deficiency; (2) anatomic femoral and tibial anteromedial ACL reconstruction (AM REC); and (3) anatomic femoral and tibial central ACL reconstruction (Central REC). The reconstruction protocols were randomly assigned. The continuous mechanized pivot-shift test was recorded dynamically with a tracking system. Results: The Central REC group showed a smaller degree of internal rotation (0.6° ± 0.3° vs. 1.8° ± 0.3°, respectively, P 0.05) in the pivot-shift test, compared with the AM REC group. Conclusion: The central anatomic ACL reconstruction resulted in greater restriction of internal rotation than the anteromedial anatomic ACL reconstruction. Experimental Study on Cadaver