A DIALÉTICA DA REALIDADE NA ESTÉTICA DO ROMANCE PIEDADE, DE JOSÉ DE MESQUITA

José de Mesquita, no romance Piedade, sintetizará esteticamente a realidade a partir da visão patriarcal. Observaremos a estrutura da narrativa, as modalidades de discurso, o desempenho do narrador onisciente (aproxima-ções e afastamentos) em relação às personagens, o recurso de personagens metonímicas intensificando os pontos da configuração seletiva da trama e, por fim, o idílio, sintoma artístico não necessariamente romântico, mas produto de um momento em que as relações eram pautadas por superficialidade e consumismo que serão dissecados pela pena áspera do narrador

Identification of anaerobic threshold using heart rate response during dynamic exercise

The objective of the present study was to characterize the heart rate (HR) patterns of healthy males using the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model over a power range assumed to correspond to the anaerobic threshold (AT) during discontinuous dynamic exercise tests (DDET). Nine young (22.3 ± 1.57 years) and 9 middle-aged (MA) volunteers (43.2 ± 3.53 years) performed three DDET on a cycle ergometer. Protocol I: DDET in steps with progressive power increases of 10 W; protocol II: DDET using the same power values as protocol 1, but applied randomly; protocol III: continuous dynamic exercise protocol with ventilatory and metabolic measurements (10 W/min ramp power), for the measurement of ventilatory AT. HR was recorded and stored beat-to-beat during DDET, and analyzed using the ARIMA (protocols I and II). The DDET experiments showed that the median physical exercise workloads at which AT occurred were similar for protocols I and II, i.e., AT occurred between 75 W (116 bpm) and 85 W (116 bpm) for the young group and between 60 W (96 bpm) and 75 W (107 bpm) for group MA in protocols I and II, respectively; in two MA volunteers the ventilatory AT occurred at 90 W (108 bpm) and 95 W (111 bpm). This corresponded to the same power values of the positive trend in HR responses. The change in HR response using ARIMA models at submaximal dynamic exercise powers proved to be a promising approach for detecting AT in normal volunteers

DESENVOLVIMENTO DE JOGOS EDUCATIVOS PARA UTILIZAÇÃO EM ATIVIDADES DE EDUCAÇÃO SANITÁRIA VISANDO A PREVENÇÃO DE DOENÇAS PARASITOLÓGICAS EM ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL DE ESCOLAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO PAULO-SP

Este projeto mostra como os jogos educacionais podem transformar determinados grupos propensos a infecções parasitárias, em grupo de agentes ativos no processo de prevenção de parasitoses, por meio da aquisição do aprendizado de boas práticas preventivas e modos de infecção dos mesmos. O projeto teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de jogos educativos acessíveis, visando à prevenção de doenças parasitológicas em crianças de sete a dez anos, com ou sem deficiência, outra finalidade do projeto foi proporcionar educação sanitária para crianças de maneira lúdica, para melhor apreensão do aprendizado sobre o tema. As atividades foram realizadas com crianças de 7 a 10 anos em três escolas do município de São Paulo, sendo uma de natureza particular com a finalidade da Educação Infantil e Fundamental, uma escola municipal bilíngue para pessoas com surdez e uma filantrópica de educação especial para pessoas com deficiência múltipla e pessoas com surdocegueira. A metodologia utilizada para aplicação dos jogos foi a confecção de dois jogos, sendo 01 Jogo da memória, composto por 6 pares de cartas, contendo a imagem de 5 parasitas diferentes, e um com diferenciação macho/fêmea e um Jogo de tabuleiro, composto por 30 casas educativas e ilustradas e cartas educativas, com apoio de pelúcias confeccionadas de acordo com cada característica dos parasitas escolhidos para os jogos e para maior entendimento sobre eles. Foram aplicados questionários simples antes da aplicação dos jogos e um após as atividades realizadas, a coleta das respostas foram agrupadas e disponibilizadas por meio de gráficos, discutindo as respostas com a fundamentação teórica. Palavras chaves: jogos lúdicos, acessibilidade, prevenção.

Prevalence of nutritional deficits among children under five years of age in Angola

OBJETIVO Estimar a prevalência de déficits nutricionais entre crianças angolanas. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal de base populacional. Para classificação do estado nutricional, foram empregados os critérios da Organização Mundial da Saúde (2006). RESULTADOS Observou-se elevada prevalência de déficits de estatura-para-idade, peso-para-estatura e peso-para-idade (22%, 13% e 7%, respectivamente) entre as crianças. CONCLUSÕES Déficits nutricionais de crianças representam sério problema de saúde pública em Bom Jesus, Angola.OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of nutritional deficiencies in Angolan children. METHODS A cross-sectional population based study. World Health Organization (2006) criteria were used to classify nutritional state. RESULTS A high prevalence of low height for age, weight for height and weight for age was observed (22%, 13% and 7%, respectively) among the children. CONCLUSIONS Nutritional deficiencies in children represents a serious public health problem in Bom Jesus, Angola

Nefrotoxicidade da polimixina B: estudo experimental em células e implicações para a prática de enfermagem

O objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar os mecanismos de lesão celular envolvidos na fisiopatologia da citotoxicidade da polimixina B em células tubulares proximais (LLC-PK1) e discutir as proposições de intervenção do enfermeiro para identificar os pacientes de risco e considerar a prevenção ou o tratamento para lesão renal nefrotóxica. Estudo experimental in vitro , onde as células foram expostas ao sulfato de polimixina B. A viabilidade celular foi determinada pela exclusão dos corantes fluorescentes e o método morfológico com visualização de corpos apoptóticos à microscopia de fluorescência. As células expostas à polimixina B apresentaram redução de viabilidade, aumento do número de células em apoptose e maior concentração da enzima desidrogenase láctea. A administração de polimixina B in vitro demonstrou a necessidade de ações na prática clínica para minimizar os efeitos adversos como a nefrotoxicidade.

El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar los mecanismos de daño celular implicado en la fisiopatología de la citotoxicidad de la polimixina B en las células tubulares proximales (LLC-PK1) y discutir las propuestas de intervención de enfermería para identificar a los pacientes de riesgo y considerar la prevención o el tratamiento de la lesión renal aguda nefrotóxica. Corresponde a un estudio experimental cuantitativo in vitro, en el cual las células fueron expuestas a sulfato de polimixina B. La viabilidad celular se determinó por exclusión de los colorantes fluorescentes y el método morfológico con la visualización de cuerpos apoptóticos a la microscopía de fluorescencia. Las células expuestas a polimixina B demostraron reducción de la viabilidad, aumento de células apoptóticas y mayor concentración de la enzima lactato deshidrogenasa. La administración de polimixina B in vitro demostró la necesidad de realizar acciones en la práctica clínica para minimizar los efectos adversos como la nefrotoxicidad.The aim of the study was to characterize the cell damage mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of cytotoxicity of polymyxin B in proximal tubular cells (LLC - PK1) and discuss about the nurses interventions to identify at risk patients and consider prevention or treatment of nephrotoxicity acute kidney injury. This is a quantitative experimental in vitro study, in which the cells were exposed to 375μM polymyxin B sulfate concentration. Cell viability was determined by exclusion of fluorescent dyes and morphological method with visualization of apoptotic bodies for fluorescence microscopy. Cells exposed to polymyxin B showed reduced viability, increased number of apoptotic cells and a higher concentration of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase. The administration of polymyxin B in vitro showed the need for actions to minimize adverse effects such as nephrotoxicity.

Chlorthalidone plus amiloride reduces the central systolic blood pressure in stage 1 hypertension patients

Background: Hypertension reduction strategies use blood pressure in the brachial artery as the primary endpoint. Individuals who achieve the target blood pressure reduction with antihypertensive treatment have residual cardiovascular risk attributed to the difference in pressure between the aorta and brachial artery. Antihypertensive treatment affects the intrinsic properties of the vascular wall and arterial stiffness markers and consequently the central pressure. Recent publications stress the importance of adequate control of the central compared to peripheral blood pressure. Related clinical implications suggest that individuals with normal peripheral but high central blood pressure should not receive antihypertensive drugs that act on the central pressure. Therefore, they are at greater cardiovascular risk. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of treatment with a thiazide diuretic versus losartan on the central blood pressure in stage 1 hypertensive patients. Methods: Twenty-five patients were randomized to the chlorthalidone 25 mg/amiloride 5 mg group (q.d.) and 25 patients received losartan 50 mg (b.i.d). The central systolic blood pressure (CSBP) and augmentation index (AIx 75) were assessed using applanation tonometry. The paired t-test was used to compare the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse pressure (PP), CSBP and AIx 75 between the thiazide and losartan groups at baseline and after 6 months of treatment. Results: Significant reductions in CSBP (123.3 ± 14.2 vs. 113.4 ± 111.4, P = 0.0103) and AIx 75 (87.7 ± 9.6 vs. 83.8 ± 8.9, P = 0.0289) were observed after 6 months of drug treatment with chlorthalidone 25 mg/amiloride 5 mg (q.d.). The administration of losartan 50 mg (b.i.d) did not reduce the CSBP and there were insignificant changes in the AIx 75. Conclusions: Six-month treatment of chlorthalidone/amiloride but not losartan reduces the CSBP and AIx 75 in adults with stage 1 hypertension

Macronutrients and essential amino acids on digestive process of the freshwater teleost Matrinxã

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of macronutrients and essential amino acids on digestive process of the freshwater teleost Matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus). Juveniles were fed with diets containing starch plus free amino acids or oil plus free amino acids for 15 days. These fish were compared with others fed with diets containing starch or oil without addition of free amino acids. After the experimental span, 12 fish from each treatment were randomly sampled to collect stomach, pyloric cecum, anterior and posterior intestine for assaying digestive enzymes activity. Increase of gastric proteolysis due to dietary amino acids were observed. Amylolytic, proteolytic and lipolytic activities in intestine sections were also positive related to dietary amino acids. However, proteolytic and lipolytic activities in pyloric cecum were not responsive to dietary changes. Moreover, the absence of starch in the diets resulted in decrease of amylolysis, and very low levels of oil did not change the lipolytic activity. In conclusion, activities of amylase, protease and lipase of Matrinxãare selectively responsive to addition of free essential amino acids concerning the gut section

Macronutrients and essential amino acids on the digestive process of the freshwater teleost matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus)

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of macronutrients and essential amino acids on digestive process of the freshwater teleost Matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus). Juveniles were fed with diets containing starch plus free amino acids or oil plus free amino acids for 15 days. These fish were compared with others fed with diets containing starch or oil without addition of free amino acids. After the experimental span, 12 fish from each treatment were randomly sampled to collect stomach, pyloric cecum, anterior and posterior intestine for assaying digestive enzymes activity. Increase of gastric proteolysis due to dietary amino acids were observed. Amylolytic, proteolytic and lipolytic activities in intestine sections were also positive related to dietary amino acids. However, proteolytic and lipolytic activities in pyloric cecum were not responsive to dietary changes. Moreover, the absence of starch in the diets resulted in decrease of amylolysis, and very low levels of oil did not change the lipolytic activity. In conclusion, activities of amylase, protease and lipase of Matrinxãare selectively responsive to addition of free essential amino acids concerning the gut section.The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of macronutrients and essential amino acids on the digestive process of the freshwater teleost matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus). Juveniles were fed with diets containing starch plus free amino acids or oil plus free amino acids for 15 days. These fish were compared with others fed with diets containing starch or oil without addition of free amino acids. After the experimental span, 12 fish from each treatment were randomly sampled to collect stomach, pyloric cecum, anterior and posterior intestine for assaying digestive enzymes activity. Increase of gastric proteolysis due to dietary amino acids were observed. Amylolytic, proteolytic and lipolytic activities in intestine sections were also positive due to dietary amino acids. However, proteolytic and lipolytic activities in pyloric cecum were not responsive to dietary changes. Moreover, the absence of starch in the diets resulted in decrease of amylolysis, and very low levels of oil did not change the lipolytic activity. Based on the results of the present study, the inclusion of essential amino acids in diets for juvenile matrinxã promotes a nutrition strategy to improve digestive function