Estudio de viabilidad de una sala de realidad virtual: Vallplay

Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado plantea la creación de un modelo de negocio novedoso y poco conocido todavía en el mundo del ocio, pero con gran proyección. Se trata de una sala de entretenimiento basada en simulación mediante realidad virtual, situada en la ciudad de Valladolid. En ella, los usuarios podrán olvidarse del estrés del día a día viviendo una experiencia de juego única y muy realista, gracias a las gafas de realidad virtual, los auriculares y los sensores que llevarán equipados. Contaremos con dos salas de diferentes temáticas para jugar por equipos, una sala para conocer cualquier rincón del mundo, así como cuatro simuladores de Fórmula 1, uno de montaña rusa y otro de vuelo.Grado en Comerci

A Sharpe-Ratio-Based Measure for Currencies

[Abstract] The Sharpe Ratio offers an excellent summary of the excess return required per unit of risk invested. This work presents an adaptation of the ex-ante Sharpe Ratio for currencies where we consider a random walk approach for the currency behavior and implied volatility as a proxy for market expectations of future realized volatility. The outcome of the proposed measure seems to gauge some information on the expected required return attached to the “peso problem”

The scutellum of germinated wheat grains undergoes programmed cell death: identification of an acidic nuclease involved in nucleus dismantling

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a crucial phenomenon in the life cycle of cereal grains. In germinating grains, the scutellum allows the transport of nutrients from the starchy endosperm to the growing embryo, and therefore it may be the last grain tissue to undergo PCD. Thus, the aim of this work was to analyse whether the scutellum of wheat grains undergoes PCD and to perform a morphological and biochemical analysis of this process. Scutellum cells of grains following germination showed a progressive increase of DNA fragmentation, and the TUNEL assay showed that PCD extended in an apical-to-basal gradient along the scutellum affecting epidermal and parenchymal cells. Electron-transmission microscopy revealed high cytoplasm vacuolation, altered mitochondria, and the presence of double-membrane structures, which might constitute symptoms of vacuolar cell death, whereas the nucleus appeared lobed and had an increased heterochromatin content as the most distinctive features. An acid- and Zn2+-dependent nucleolytic activity was identified in nuclear extracts of scutellum cells undergoing PCD. This nuclease was not detected in grains imbibed in the presence of abscisic acid, which inhibited germination. This nucleolytic activity promoted DNA fragmentation in vitro on nuclei isolated from healthy cells, thus suggesting a main role in nucleus dismantling during PC

A comparison between nuclear dismantling during plant and animal programmed cell death

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a process of organized destruction of cells, essential for the development and maintenance of cellular homeostasis of multicellular organisms. Cells undergoing PCD begin a degenerative process in response to internal or external signals, whereby the nucleus becomes one of the targets. The process of nuclear dismantling includes events affecting the nuclear envelope, such as formation of lobes at the nuclear surface, selective proteolysis of nucleoporins and nuclear pore complex clustering. In addition, chromatin condensation increases in coordination with DNA fragmentation. These processes have been largely studied in animals, but remain poorly understood in plants. The overall process of cell death has different morphological and biochemical features in plants and animals. However, recent advances suggest that nuclear dismantling in plant cells progresses with morphological and biochemical characteristics similar to those in apoptotic animal cells. In this review, we summarize nuclear dismantling in plant PCD, focusing on the similarities and differences with their animal counterparts.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación BIO2010-15430Junta de Andalucía BIO-182, CVI-591

Chloroplast dismantling in leaf senescence

In photosynthetic plant cells, chloroplasts act as factories of metabolic intermediates that support plant growth. Chloroplast performance is highly influenced by environmental cues. Thus, these organelles have the additional function of sensing ever changing environmental conditions, thereby playing a key role in harmonizing the growth and development of different organs and in plant acclimation to the environment. Moreover, chloroplasts constitute an excellent source of metabolic intermediates that are remobilized to sink tissues during senescence so that chloroplast dismantling is a tightly regulated process that plays a key role in plant development. Stressful environmental conditions enhance the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by chloroplasts, which may lead to oxidative stress causing damage to the organelle. These environmental conditions trigger mechanisms that allow the rapid dismantling of damaged chloroplasts, which is crucial to avoid deleterious effects of toxic by-products of the degradative process. In this review, we discuss the effect of redox homeostasis and ROS generation in the process of chloroplast dismantling. Furthermore, we summarize the structural and biochemical events, both intra- and extraplastid, that characterize the process of chloroplast dismantling in senescence and in response to environmental stresses.Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO) BIO2017-85195-C2-1-

CO2 Concentration and Occupants’ Symptoms in Naturally Ventilated Schools in Mediterranean Climate

A large part of the school building stock in Andalusia lacks ventilation facilities, so that the air renewal of the classrooms is achieved through the building envelope (air infiltration) or the opening of windows. This research analyses the airtightness of the classrooms in Andalusia and the evolution of CO2 concentration during school hours through in situ monitoring. Pressurization and depressurization tests were performed in 42 classrooms and CO2 concentration was measured in two di erent periods, winter and midseason, to study the impact of the di erent levels of aperture of windows. About 917 students (11–17 years of age) were surveyed on symptoms and e ects on their health. The mean n50 values are about 7 h-1, whereas the average CO2 concentration values are about 1878 ppm, with 42% of the case studies displaying concentrations above 2000 ppm with windows closed

Determination of psychophysical work aptitude

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Psychometric properties scale to the death obsession (dos) university students.

[Resumen] La perspectiva existencial de que las personas necesitan tener una sensación de significado para sobrevivir y afrontar la muerte ofrece un marco conceptual útil para integrar patrones de actitudes hacia la muerte. El objetivo básico de este trabajo consiste en analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la DOS en su forma española. Para ello se utilizó una muestra compuesta por un total de 1001 estudiantes (290 eran varones y 711 mujeres). El intervalo de edad oscilaba entre los 18 y 29 años. La media de edad era de 21,02 y una desviación típica de 2,64. Los resultados indican que los ítems eran significativamente homogéneos. El Coeficiente alpha de Cronbach fue de 0.91 y la estabilidad temporal test-retest (N = 375) de 0.90. El análisis factorial configura dos factores que explican el 55,60% de la varianza de los datos. Estos resultados justifican el uso de la Escala de Obsesión ante la muerte como una medida sólida de evaluación de la preocupación por la muerte en los estudiantes universitarios.[Abstract] The existentialist notion that human beings need to feel meaningful in order to live in the knowledge of certain death provides a useful conceptual framework for integration of a variety of types of attitude towards death. In this study the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the DOS were investigated using a sample of 1001 students (290 men, 711 women; age 21.0 ? 2.6 y, range 18-29).Internal consistency (Cronbach’s ?) was .91, and testretest reliability (evaluated on a subsample of 375 subjects) was .90. Factor analysis identified two factors that jointly accounted for 55.6% of the total variance. These results justify the use of the Death Obsession Scale in evaluating preoccupation with death in college students

Effects of Caffeine Supplementation on Power Performance in a Flywheel Device: A Randomised, Double-Blind Cross-Over Study

[EN] Despite the demonstrated evidence of the importance of eccentric contractions in sports performance, no research has evaluated the ergogenic effects of caffeine on this type of contraction means during flywheel exercises. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to compare the power outcomes, using different inertial loads, between caffeine and placebo conditions. Twenty-four young, healthy, and active men (age: 22.5 4.8 years) took part in the study. A crossed, randomised double-blind design was used to analyse the effects of caffeine on lower limb power outcomes during a flywheel half-squat exercise. Participants completed four sets of eight all-out repetitions with a fixed three-minutes rest interval, and each set was performed using different inertial loads (i.e., 0.025, 0.050, 0.075 and 0.100 kg m2). Both the mean power (MP) and peak power (PP) in concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) movement phases at each inertial load were recorded after participants were administered either a caffeine supplement (6 mg kg1) or placebo (sucrose). Participants receiving a caffeine supplementation demonstrated improvements versus the placebo in total MP (MPtotal), as well as MP in CON phase (MPcon) and in ECC phase (MPecc) at each inertial load (22.68 to 26.53%; p < 0.01, effect size (ES) = 0.89–1.40). In addition, greater improvements with caffeine ingestion were obtained with respect to the placebo condition (18.79 to 24.98%; p < 0.01, ES = 1.03–1.40) in total PP (PPtotal), as well as PP in CON phase (PPcon) and in ECC phase (PPecc) at each inertial load. Thus, the supplementation of 6 mg kg1 caffeine may be considered to maximise on-field physical performance in those sports characterised by high demands of resistance.SIThe costs of caffeine supplement, English translation, and publication costs will be paid by the University Isabel I, Burgos, Spain