On the Influence of Shade in Improving Thermal Comfort in Courtyards

This study analyzes the thermal performance of courtyards in traditional buildings in the city center of Córdoba (South of Spain), one of them displaying a shading component, to determine the influence of this precise element. The courtyards have been monitored simultaneously during a summer period when temperatures during the day reached over 45 °C. The obtained data was contrasted, and we confirmed that the shading element provided an improvement of the thermal performance of the courtyard which doubled the thermal leap between outdoor and inside the courtyard temperatures when the shading element was installed, in comparison to the courtyard without shade. Therefore, the tempering effect of courtyards can be significantly improved by means of using these simple elements

Propuesta de diseño de una técnica integral de control de inventarios para Alpopular S.A

Se eligió una técnica integral en el proyecto por ser el conjunto de métodos que investigados originan el sistema ideal y apropiado en esta tesis, luego de diagnosticar y analizar la serie de imprecisiones causantes de la asertividad del inventario para su meta, la solución de control y corrección de raíz se eligió este título donde intervino la investigación aplicada y otros métodos. La técnica de control de inventarios definida tiene como finalidad asegurar la política de los inventarios, situando en su mínima expresión la desviación de los inventarios en Alpopular S.A. Adicionalmente tiene como objetivo el control de cada uno de los procesos que se incumplen y originan riesgos materializables con respecto a la logística de la compañía.1 TÍTULO DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN 2 PROBLEMA DE INVESTIGACIÓN 2.1 DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROBLEMA 2.2 FORMULACIÓN DEL PROBLEMA 3 OBJETIVOS DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN 3.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL 3.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS 4 JUSTIFICACIÓN Y DELIMITACIÓN DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN 4.1 JUSTIFICACIÓN 4.2 DELIMITACIÓN 5 MARCO DE REFERENCIA DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN 5.1 MARCO TEÓRICO 5.4 MARCO HISTORICO 6 TIPO DE INVESTIGACIÓN 7 DISEÑO METODOLÓGICO 11 REFERENCIAS (BIBLIOGRAFÍA) 12 GLOSARIOPregradoIngeniero en IndustrialIngeniería Industria

Extending the adaptive thermal comfort models for courtyards

Temperatures in Mediterranean cities are rising due to the effects of climate change, with a consequent increase in the heat waves frequency. Recent research has shown the tempering potential of semi-outdoor spaces such as courtyards, which are semi-enclosed spaces that are widely used by the users of buildings in Mediterranean cities. International standards addressing thermal comfort parameters provide technical guidelines for indoor spaces only. Expanding this concept, this paper focuses on the potential to extend and interpret the existing calculation models for indoor thermal comfort, EN 16798 and ASHRAE 55, to determine thermal comfort, monitoring two different courtyards in Cordoba, Spain, during both typical summer and heat wave periods. The results show that during the typical summer, the monitored courtyards can reach temperatures up to 8.4 °C cooler than outside. Subsequently can be considered to be in thermal comfort on average for 88% of the time according to EN 16798, and 75% according to ASHRAE 55, which drop to 71% and 52% respectively during heat wave (HW) periods, in spite of increasing thermal gap (TG) up to 13.9 °C. The results are also compared with the PET indicator used for evaluation of outdoor thermal comfort, which provides comparable figures: 81% summer and 73% HW. Implications of implementing passive shading strategies to increase comfort in these transition spaces are also evaluated. The research highlights the thermal potential and usefulness of courtyards in warm climates, so they can ultimately be included in the building analysis as a potentially comfortable and habitable space

Thermophysical Characterization of TFSI Based Ionic Liquid and Lithium Salt Mixtures

Este artigo pertence ás actas do The 23rd International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry.[Abstract] The ionic liquids (ILs) doped with metal salts have become a real alternative as electrolytes for batteries, but the right choice of these compounds for reaching the adequate properties and performance is still a challenge, and strategies are therefore needed for achieving it. The thermophysical properties of IL 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide ([bmpyr] [TFSI]) and its mixture with bis-(trifluoromethane)-sulfonimide lithium salt (from 0.1 m to saturation level) were determined in this work. These properties are density (ρ), speed of sound (U), and corresponding derived magnitudes, such as the bulk modulus and the thermal coefficient, as well as electrical conductivity (σ) against temperature. Density shows a linear decreasing dependence with temperature and a clear increase with the addition of salt, whereas the thermal expansion coefficient increases with temperature and salt addition. Speed of sound decreases with both temperature and salt concentration, and the adiabatic compressibility calculated by means of the well-known Laplace equation increases, as expected, with temperature in all the studied cases, although a small variation with concentration was observed. Electrical conductivity increases with temperature following the Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann (VFT) equation and decreases with the addition of salt.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional) Program through the projects MAT2014-57943-C3-1-P, MAT2014-57943-C3-3-P, MAT2017-89239-C2-1-P as well as by Xunta de Galicia through the GRC (Grupo de Referencia Competitiva) ED431C 2016/001 project, and the Galician Network of Ionic Liquids (ReGaLIs) ED431D 2017/06. P. Vallet and J. J. Parajó are thankful for funding support from the FPI (Formación de Personal Investigador) Program from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Education and Universities and I2C postdoctoral Program of Xunta de Galicia, respectively.Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2016/001Xunta de Galicia; ED431D 2017/0

Insuficiencia mitral de etiología poco usual

We communicate a case of a 8-month breastfed sent by her pediatrician to cardiology consultation after finding a heart murmur on physical examination. Echocardiography showed left ventricle dilatation with severe mitral regurgitation due to restricted posterior leaflet movement, together with a diastolic flow on pulmonary artery suggestive of anomaly of coronary arterial origin. CT coronary angiogram confirmed diagnosis. The patient underwent surgery with left coronary artery reimplantation on ascending aorta, mitral valve plication, and posterior leaflet closure of pseudo-cleft of posterior leaflet evidenced during intervention, with good results.Se presenta un caso de lactante de 8 meses, que fue enviado por su pediatra para una consulta cardiovascular después de auscultar un soplo en el examen físico. La ecocardiografía demostró el ventrículo izquierdo dilatado con regurgitación mitral grave debido a movimiento restringido de la valva posterior, junto a un flujo diastólico en la arteria pulmonar sugestivo de una anomalía con origen en la arteria coronaria. La angiografía coronaria por tomografía computarizada confirmó el diagnóstico. El paciente fue sometido a cirugía de reimplante de la arteria coronaria izquierda a la aorta ascendente, más plicatura de valva mitral y cierre de la hendidura de la valva posterior evidenciado ya durante la intervención buenos resultados

Cambios de ansiedad matemática en futuros maestros de educación primaria

Various investigations study high levels of math anxiety of preservice teachers and possible strategies to reduce them. Assuming that the training methodology influences these levels, we analyzed the evolution of mathematics anxiety of undergraduates in Primary Education of the University of Granada, due to the use of manipulatives in the classroom math practices.We perform an exploratory and descriptive, by using a questionnaire that measures the level of anxiety of 227 students. Eight of them were selected and monitored by audio recordings and interviews.The mean level of anxiety puts undergraduates at an average level of math anxiety. The subjects expressed the perception that practical sessions allow a reduction of mathematics anxiety, suggesting that this reduction is due to the use of a different traditional methodology.Since we detect a favorable evolution in math anxiety manifested as subjects become more involved in cooperative working and with manipulatives, we conjecture that working with this type of active methodology has strengthened its security to their performance in mathematics.Diversas investigaciones estudian los altos niveles de ansiedad hacia las matemáticas de los maestros en formación y posibles estrategias para reducirlos. Partiendo de la hipótesis de que la metodología con la que se desarrolla la formación influye en estos niveles, analizamos la evolución de la ansiedad matemática del alumnado del Grado de Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Granada, con motivo del uso de materiales manipulativos en las clases prácticas de matemáticas.Se realiza un estudio de tipo exploratorio y descriptivo, usando un cuestionario que mide el nivel de ansiedad de 227 estudiantes. A ocho de ellos se les realiza un seguimiento específico mediante grabaciones en audio y entrevistas.La media de nivel de ansiedad sitúa a los estudiantes del Grado de Educación Primaria en un nivel medio de ansiedad matemática. Los sujetos manifiestan la percepción de que las prácticas permiten una reducción de la ansiedad matemática, sugiriendo que dicha reducción se debe al uso de una metodología diferente a la tradicional. Al apreciar una evolución favorable en la ansiedad manifestada conforme los sujetos se involucran más en el trabajo colaborativo y con materiales manipulativos, conjeturamos que el trabajo con este tipo de metodología activa ha reforzado su seguridad ante su desempeño en matemáticas

Azathioprine dose tailoring based on pharmacogenetic information: Insights of clinical implementation

Supplementary data associated with this article can be found in the online version at doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115706Azathioprine is commonly used as an immunosuppressive antimetabolite in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, autoimmune disorders (such as Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis), and in patients receiving organ transplants. Thiopurine-S-methyltransferase (TPMT) is a cytoplasmic trans-methylase catalyzing the S-methylation of thiopurines. The active metabolites obtained from thiopurines are hydrolyzed into inactive forms by the Nudix hydrolase 15 (NUDT15). The TPMT*2 (defined by rs1800462), *3A (defined by rs1800460 and rs1142345), *3B (defined by rs1800460), *3C (defined by rs1142345), *6 (defined by rs75543815), and NUDT15 rs116855232 genetic variant have been associated, with the highest level of evidence, with the response to azathioprine, and, the approved drug label for azathioprine and main pharmacogenetic dosing guidelines recommend starting with reduced initial doses in TPMT intermediate metabolizer (IM) patients and considering an alternative treatment in TPMT poor metabolizer (PM) patients. This study aims to assess the clinical impact of azathioprine dose tailoring based on TPMT genotyping studying the azathioprine toxicity and efficacy, treatment starts, and dose adjustments during follow-up, comparing TPMT IM/PM and normal metabolizer (NM) patients. It also studied the association of NUDT15 rs116855232 with response to azathioprine in patients receiving a tailored treatment based on TPMT and characterized the TMPT and NUDT15 studied variants in our population. Results show that azathioprine dose reduction in TPMT IM patients (TPMT*1/*2, *1/*3A, or *1/*3C genotypes) is related to lower toxicity events compared to TPMT NM (TPMT *1/*1 genotype), and lower azathioprine dose adjustments during follow-up without showing differences in the efficacy. The results support the hypothesis of existing other genetic variants affecting azathioprine toxicity

Effects of Fertigation Management on the Quality of Organic Legumes Grown in Protected Cultivation

Appropriate fertigation management plays an important role in increasing crop quality and economizing water. The objective of the study was to determine the effects of two fertigation treatments, normal (T100) and 50% sustained deficit (T50), on the physico-chemical quality of legumes. The determinations were performed on the edible parts of peas, French beans and mangetout. The trials were conducted in a protected cultivation certified organic farm. The response of legumes to the treatments varied between the cultivars tested. The fertigation treatments had a significant effect on the morphometric traits (width for mangetout and French bean; fresh weight for French bean; seed height for Pea cv. Lincoln). The total soluble solids and citric acid content have been shown to be increased by low soil water availability (T50) for mangetout. Fertigation treatments did not significantly affect the antioxidant compounds (total phenolic and ascorbic acid), minerals and protein fraction contents of legumes studied. Regarding legume health benefits, the most prominent cultivars were BC-033620 pea and French bean because of their high total phenolic (65 mg gallic acid equivalent 100 g−1 fresh weight) and ascorbic acid content (55 mg ascorbic acid 100 g−1 fresh weight), respectively. The results expand our knowledge concerning the nutraceutical quality and appropriate cultivation methods of legumes in order to make the system more sustainable and to encourage their consumption

Del extractivismo cultural y lingüístico a la revitalización de las lenguas

Son bastante conocidos los efectos destructores de la conquista y la colonización de América sobre centenares de lenguas originarias en América Latina. Además, también se ha investigado acerca de la continuidad del proceso glotofágico bajo el dominio de las élites criollas, después de la Independencia. Durante el siglo XX, el indigenismo no cambió sustancialmente las relaciones interculturales (políticas, económicas y sociales) entre las culturas dominantes hispanófonas y las culturas minorizadas, aun cuando acumulara e hiciera uso de la simbología de las producciones precolombinas como seña de identidad nacional, de modo muy notorio en México. Sin embargo, las últimas décadas del siglo XX y los inicios del siglo XXI, a causa del neoliberalismo y la globalización, han multiplicado las amenazas sobre las culturas y las lenguas supervivientes, en la medida que se ha pretendido aniquilar el entorno medioambiental, los ecosistemas locales y el mundo vital, que podríamos categorizar como territorio indígena. El proyecto Ndatiaku Tu’un Savi es solo uno de los muchos gérmenes que pretenden revitalizar y revalorizar el conocimiento y el uso de las lenguas originarias, por medio de las redes sociales, entre sus propios hablantes, a la vez que confrontan las estrategias meramente forenses de la lingüístic