Work-Life Balance Practices and the Gender Gap in Job Satisfaction in the UK: Evidence from Matched Employer-Employee Data

This paper examines the role of work-life balance practices (WLB) in explaining the “paradox of the contented female worker”. After establishing that females report higher levels of job satisfaction than men in the UK, we test whether firm characteristics such as WLB and gender segregation boost the satisfaction of women proportionately more than that of men, thereby explaining why the former are reportedly happier. The results prove that WLB practices increase the likelihood of reporting higher satisfaction but similarly for both demographic groups thereby reducing the gender gap in job satisfaction only slightly. Still, the results indicate that WLB practices at the forefront of worker welfare policy improve the wellbeing of the workforce. Experiments with firm-fixed effects allowed by the matched dimension of the data reveal that firm effects are relevant but they only explain a half of the gender gap in job satisfaction, suggesting that the other half may be due to individual heterogeneity.job satisfaction, work-life balance practices, gender segregation, matched employer-employee data

Jurisprudencia ambiental internacional

Jurisprudencia ambiental internaciona

The Flexible Mechanisms to Combat Climate Change: A Critical View of their Legitimacy

The Kyoto Protocol makes available the use of three economic mechanisms as a supplementary way of mitigating climate change: joint implementation, clean development mechanism and emission trading. They share the same rationale, which is to provide flexibility to achieve the compliance of the emission targets, allowing for the reduction of emissions at a minimum cost by efficiently allocating the responsibilities between agents. The new business opportunities they offer have attracted the attention of most developed and emerging countries. However, it is doubtful that they can bring an adequate solution in stabilizing and reducing greenhouse gases emissions, threatening the environmental integrity of the climate change regime (CCR); nor do they offer a fair and equitable solution to the challenges of global warming. Therefore, it is important that their use remains supplemental to the main goal of reducing and stabilizing green house gases emissions. As a matter of fact, sustainable development could only be achieved if economic efficiency is balanced with environmental integrity and equitable treatment

La protección del medio ambiente por el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos: Últimos avances jurisprudenciales

A pesar de no existir un derecho a un medio ambiente saludable en el Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos (CEDH), existe ya una consolidada jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos en materia de protección ambiental. En particular, encontramos dos escenarios de casos en los que las cuestiones ambientales han podido tenerse en cuenta. El primero se produce cuando la salvaguarda del medio ambiente se encuentra estrechamente vinculada a la protección de un derecho fundamental recogido en el CEDH, como es el caso del derecho al respeto de la vida privada y familiar y el domicilio. El segundo escenario aglutina los supuestos en los que en aras a la salvaguarda del medio ambiente, se legitima una injerencia en alguno de los derechos fundamentales del Convenio, en particular, el derecho a la propiedad privada. En cualquier caso, la protección del medio ambiente es siempre indirecta y sólo es tenida en cuenta en la medida que afecte directamente los derechos subjetivos protegidos por el CEDH. Los últimos avances jurisprudenciales siguen en esta línea, aunque existe una necesidad creciente de darle una mayor cabida al medio ambiente en este sistema regional de salvaguarda de derechos humanosAlthough there is no right to a healthy environment enclosed in the European Convention of human rights (ECHR), there is already a consolidated jurisprudence of the European Court of human rights dealing with environmental protection. In particular, we find two scenarios of cases in which environmental issues have been taken into account. The first occurs when the preservation of the environment is closely linked to the protection of a fundamental right contained in the ECHR, as it is the case of the right to respect for one’s private and family life, and his home. The second scenario brings together the cases in which, restriction of one of the fundamental rights preserved in the ECHR, usually the right to private property is legitimized in order to safeguard the environment. In any case, the protection of the environment is always indirect and is only dyed into account to the extent that directly affects the individual rights protected by the ECHR. The latest jurisprudence remain in this line, although there is a growing need to give a greater fit to the environment in this regional system of human rights protectio

Editorial: Research in Transgender Healthcare: What Have We Learned and Where Are We Going?

This article was submitted to Neuroendocrine Science, a section of the journal Frontiers in EndocrinologyThis article is part of the research topic: Research in Transgender Healthcare: What Have We Learned and Where are We Going?[Abstract] Gender incongruence (GI) is defined as “an individual’s discontent with their assigned gender and their identification with a gender other than that associated with their birth sex based on physical sex characteristics”. The origin of GI appears to be complex and multifactorial. From the extensive research that has been conducted over the past few years, three main factors have been identified as key mechanisms for understanding GI: genes, hormones, and the environment. Accordingly, our Frontiers Research Topic includes twelve articles that cover very varied topics about GI, including cardiovascular effects of treatment, surgical outcomes, new treatment options and healthcare quality in a broader sense. This research involved the hard work of sixty-six authors that was carried out mainly in Europe (Austria, Belgium, Germany, Italy, Serbia, and Spain), Australia, and also the United States.This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation Grant No. PGC2018-094919-B-C2

Jurisprudencia ambiental internacional (Segundo semestre 2017)

Jurisprudencia ambiental internacional (Segundo semestre 2017

Optimal sensor placement for classifier-based leak localization in drinking water networks

© 2016 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.This paper presents a sensor placement method for classifier-based leak localization in Water Distribution Networks. The proposed approach consists in applying a Genetic Algorithm to decide the sensors to be used by a classifier (based on the k-Nearest Neighbor approach). The sensors are placed in an optimal way maximizing the accuracy of the leak localization. The results are illustrated by means of the application to the Hanoi District Metered Area and they are compared to the ones obtained by the Exhaustive Search Algorithm. A comparison with the results of a previous optimal sensor placement method is provided as well.Postprint (author's final draft

Una asignatura on-line de Historia de los Algoritmos

This paper describes the objectives, contents learning methodology and results of an on-line course about History of Algorithms for engineering students of the Polytechnic University of Madrid. This course is conducted in a virtual environment based on Moodle, with an educational model centered at student which includes a detailed planning of learning activities. . Our experience indicates that this subject is is highly motivating for students and the virtual environment facilitates competencies development

Ophthalmological lesion in a wild individual of Mountain chicken frog (Leptodactylus fallax)

In spite of the amount of anatomical studies that have been made in regards to the amphibian eye, relatively little has been written about clinical manifestations or diseases affecting the eye in amphibians. Moreover, the majority of research has focused on ocular diseases or lesions of amphibians kept in captivity. We report on a wild Mountain chicken frog (Leptodactylus fallax), a critically endangered species, with an ophthalmological lesion in the left eye and try to reach a possible differential diagnosis for it. We intend to bridge the available knowledge on this topic and understand the problems affecting wild individuals