On The Elastic Constants Of Amorphous Carbon Nitride

Elastic and thermomechanical properties of amorphous carbon nitrite thin films as a function of nitrogen concentration are reported. The films were prepared by ion beam assisted deposition with nitrogen concentrations ranging from 0 to 33 at.%. By using a combination of the thermally induced bending technique and nano-indentation measurements it was possible to calculate independent values for the Young's modulus, the Poisson's ratio, as well as the thermal expansion coefficient of the films. The hardness and elastic recovery are discussed in terms of the Young's modulus and the Poisson's ratio. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.171118501852Silva, S.R.P., Carey, J.D., Khan, R.U.A., Gerstner, E.G., Anguita, J.V., Review on amorphous carbon thin films (2002) in Handbook of Thin Film Materials, pp. 403-506. , Nalwa H.S. (Ed), Academic PressLiu, A.M., Cohen, M., (1989) Science, 245, p. 841Silva, S.R.P., Robertson, J., Amaratunga, G.A.J., Rafferty, B., Brown, L.M., Schwan, J., Franceschini, D.F., Mariotto, G., (1997) J. Appl. Phys., 81, p. 2626Muhl, S., Mendez, J.M., (1999) Diamond Relat. Mater., 8, p. 1809Badzian, A., Badzian, T., (1999) Thin Solid Films, 354, p. 148Hellgren, N., Johansson, M.P., Broitman, E., Sundgren, J.E., (1999) Phys. Rev. B, 59, p. 5162Oliver, W.C., Pharr, G.M., (1992) J. Mater. Res., 7, p. 1564Hammer, P., Victoria, N.M., Alvarez, F., (2000) Journal Vac. Sci. Technol., 18, p. 2277Berger, S.D., Mckenzie, D.R., Martin, P.J., (1988) Philos. Mag. Lett., 57, p. 285Fallon, P.J., Veerasamy, V.S., Davis, C.A., Robertson, J., Amaratunga, G.A.J., Milne, W.I., Koskinen, J., (1993) Phys. Rev. B, 48, p. 4777Hoffman, R.W., (1970) Physics of Non-metallic Thin Films, B-14. , Plenum, New YorkStoney, G.C., (1909) Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 32, p. 172de Lima Jr., M.M., Lacerda, R.G., Vilcarromero, J., Marques, F.C., (1999) J. Appl. Phys., 86, p. 4936Jiang, X., Zou, J.W., Reichelt, K., Grünberg, P., (1989) J. Appl. Phys., 66, p. 4729Alvarez, F., dos Santos, M.C., Hammer, P., (1998) Appl. Phys. Lett., 73, p. 3521Silva, S.R.P., Rafferty, B., Amaratunga, G.A.J., Schwan, J., Franceschini, D.F., Brown, L.M., (1996) Diamond Relat. Mater., 5, p. 401Sjostrom, H., Stafstrom, S., Boman, M., Sundgren, J.E., (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett., 75, p. 1336Kolitsch, A., Moller, W., Malkow, Th., Bull, S.J., Magula, V., Domankova, M., (2000) Surf. Coat. Technol., 128-129, p. 126Guo, Y., Godard II, W.A., (1995) Chem. Phys. Lett., 237, p. 7

Structural Properties Of Amorphous Carbon Nitride Films Prepared By Ion Beam Assisted Deposition

Amorphous carbon nitride films (a-CN x) with nitrogen concentration ranging from 0 to 30 at.% were prepared by ion beam assisted deposition at different substrate temperatures, T=150, 350 and 550 °C. In situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, hardness and intrinsic stress measurements were applied to investigate the effects of the nitrogen incorporation and temperature in the structural properties of the films. For all T, N incorporation up to 20 at.% leads to increases in hardness and stress of the films. These changes are attributed to modifications of the bonding configurations of the disordered matrix that surrounds the small graphitic clusters in the films. On the other hand, increases in substrate temperature lead to increases in the size of ordered graphitic clusters in the films but have little effect in their overall mechanical properties. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.338-3401 SPEC. ISS.486489Liu, A.Y., Cohen, M.L., (1989) Science, 245, p. 841Muhl, S., Mendez, J.M., (1999) Diam. Relat. Mater., 8, p. 1809Sjostrom, H., Stafstrom, S., Boman, M., Sundgren, J.E., (1995) Phys. Rev. Lett., 75, p. 1336Alvarez, F., Dos Santos, M.C., Hammer, P., (1998) Appl. Phys. Lett., 73, p. 3521Dos Santos, M.C., Alvarez, F., (1998) Phys. Rev. B, 58, p. 13918Hammer, P., Victoria, N.M., Alvarez, F., (2000) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 18, p. 2277De Lima Jr., M.M., Lacerda, R.G., Vilcarromero, J., Marques, F.C., (1999) J. Appl. Phys., 86, p. 4936Oliver, W.C., Phar, G.N., (1992) J. Mater. Res., 7, p. 1564Vitória, N.M., Hammer, P., Dos Santos, M.C., Alvarez, F., (2000) Phys. Rev. B, 61, p. 1083Robertson, J., O'Reilly, E.P., (1987) Phys. Rev. B, 35, p. 2946Marton, D., Boyd, K.J., Al-Bayati, A.H., Todorov, S.S., Rabalais, J.W., (1994) Phys. Rev. Lett., 73, p. 118Souto, S., Pickholz, M., Dos Santos, M.C., Alvarez, F., (1998) Phys. Rev. B, 57, p. 2536Holloway, B.C., Kraft, O., Shuh, D.K., Nix, W.D., Kelly, M.A., Pianetta, P., Hagstrom, S., (1999) Appl. Phys. Lett., 74, p. 329

New Material For Low-dose Brachytherapy Seeds: Xe-doped Amorphous Carbon Films With Post-growth Neutron Activated 125i

We report a novel material for use in 125I brachytherapy that consists of amorphous carbon films grown by ion-beam-assisted deposition and doped with Xe (5at%) by implantation. Samples of these films grown on Si substrates were irradiated with neutrons in a TRIGA-I nuclear reactor for the production 125Xe, and latter characterized by gamma spectroscopy. The results indicate that the 124Xe was efficiently converted into 125Xe, the precursor of 125I, and support the activity calculations for a model brachytherapy seed. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.691118121Abdukayumov, M.N., Abdulakhatov, P., Abdusalyamov, N.N., Tillaev, T.S., Rikhsiev, A.Z., Yakushev, V.P., Optimization of the process for preparing high-purity carrier-free Na125I (2004) Radiochemistry, 46, pp. 287-289Belonoshko, A.B., Ahuja, R., Johansson, B., Molecular dynamics study of melting and fcc-bcc transitions in Xe (2001) Phys. Rev. Lett., 87, p. 165505(2000), CDTN, Manual de Operação do Reator TRIGA IPR-R1 (MO/TRIGA IPR-R1)Crook, J., Fleshner, N., Roberts, C., Pond, G., Long-term urinary sequelae following (125) iodine prostate brachytherapy (2007) J. Urol., 179, pp. 141-145Cynn, H., Yoo, C.S., Baer, B., Iota-Herbei, V., McMahan, A., Nicol, M., Carlson, S., Martensitic fcc-to-hcp transformation observed in xenon at high pressure (2001) Phys. Rev. Lett., 86, p. 4552Federmann, F., Bjorneholm, O., Beutler, A., Moller, T., Resonant X-ray absorption of neon clusters: the influence of cluster size on the character of core excited states (1994) Phys. Rev. Lett., 73, p. 1549Kakar, S., Bjorneholm, O., Weigelt, J., deCastro, A., Troger, L., Frahm, R., Moller, T., Size-dependent K-edge EXAFS study of the structure of free Ar clusters (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett., 78, p. 1675Knop, A., Wassermann, B., Ruhl, E., Site-specific excitation in free krypton clusters (1998) Phys. Rev. Lett., 80, p. 2302Krainyukova, N.V., Belan, V.G., Noble gas and metal clusters in carbon nanopores: from models to applications (2007) Eur. Phys. J. D, 43, pp. 169-172Lacerda, R.G., dos Santos, M.C., Tessler, L.R., Hammer, P., Alvarez, F., Marques, F.C., Pressure-induced physical changes of noble gases implanted in highly stressed amorphous carbon films (2003) Phys. Rev. B, 68, p. 054104Mélinon, P., Masenelli, B., Tournus, F., Perez, A., Playing with carbon and silicon at the nanoscale (2007) Nat. Mater., 6, pp. 479-490Neuville, S., Matthews, A., A perspective on the optimisation of hard carbon and related coatings for engineering applications (2007) Thin Solid Films, 515, pp. 6619-6653Parry, S.J., (2003) Handbook of neutron activation analysis, , Viridian PublishingPopov, C., Kulisch, W., Jelinek, M., Bock, A., Strnad, J., Nanocrystalline diamond/amorphous carbon composite films for applications in tribology, optics and biomedicine (2006) Thin Solid Films, 494, pp. 92-97Pritychenco, B., Herman, M.W., Mughabghab, S.F., Oblozinsky, P., Sonzogni, A.A., (2006), Nuclear reaction and structure databases of the national nuclear data centerRobertson, R., (1999), Method for making iodine-125 loaded substrates for use in radioactive sources. Patent CA2261444-A1Romanov, E.G., (2003), Research Center for Atomic Reactor. Chainsolver: A tool to calculate nuclear transmutations in a neutron fluxShultis, J., Faw, R., (2002) Fundamentals of Nuclear Science and Engineering, , Marcel DekkerSolberg, T., DeMarco, J., Hugo, G., Wallace, R., Dosimetric parameters of three new solid core I-125 brachytherapy sources (2002) J. Appl. Clin. Med. Phys., 3, p. 2Woolsey, J., Miller, N., Theodorescu, D., Permanent interstitial brachytherapy for prostate cancer: a current review (2003) World J. Urol., 21, pp. 209-219Zhu, H., Venkataraman, R., Mueller, W., Lamontagne, J., Bronson, F., Morris, K., Berlizov, A., X-ray true coincidence summing correction in Genie 2000 (2009) Appl. Radiat. Isot., 67, pp. 696-70

A Surface Scientist's view on Spectroscopic Ellipsometry

none1noneMaurizio CanepaCanepa, Maurizi