La négociation d'accords de partenariat économique: enjeux agricoles

Cette série d'EnBref vise à identifier les éléments clés des différents chapitres des Accords de Partenariat Économiques (APE)que négocient actuellement l'Union européenne et les six groupes régionaux d'Afrique, des Caraïbes et du Pacifique

Negotiating Economic Partnership Agreements: Agriculture

The aim of this InBrief series is to identify the key issues at stake within the various chapters of the Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) being negotiated between the European Union and six African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) regional groupings. This InBrief on Agriculture is an initiative by the European Centre for Development Policy Management (ECDPM) and the Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation ACP-EU (CTA)

Expert Consultation on Market Information Systems and Agricultural Commodity: Exchanges: Strengthening Market Signals and Institutions. Proceedings of an expert meeting held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 28–30 November 2005

The Expert Consultation on Market Information Systems and Agricultural Commodity Exchanges: Strengthening Market Signals and Institutions was convened to review CTA’s investments in MIS and ACEs within a broad perspective to determine which are the more successful systems, what conditions have enabled them to function well, and how they are being used by farmers’ organisations, traders and other development partners..

IL-1 and IL-23 Mediate Early IL-17A Production in Pulmonary Inflammation Leading to Late Fibrosis

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a devastating as yet untreatable disease. We demonstrated recently the predominant role of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β expression in the establishment of pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in mice. METHODS: The contribution of IL-23 or IL-17 in pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis was assessed using the bleomycin model in deficient mice. RESULTS: We show that bleomycin or IL-1β-induced lung injury leads to increased expression of early IL-23p19, and IL-17A or IL-17F expression. Early IL-23p19 and IL-17A, but not IL-17F, and IL-17RA signaling are required for inflammatory response to BLM as shown with gene deficient mice or mice treated with neutralizing antibodies. Using FACS analysis, we show a very early IL-17A and IL-17F expression by RORγt(+) γδ T cells and to a lesser extent by CD4αβ(+) T cells, but not by iNKT cells, 24 hrs after BLM administration. Moreover, IL-23p19 and IL-17A expressions or IL-17RA signaling are necessary to pulmonary TGF-β1 production, collagen deposition and evolution to fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate the existence of an early IL-1β-IL-23-IL-17A axis leading to pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis and identify innate IL-23 and IL-17A as interesting drug targets for IL-1β driven lung pathology

Reasons for continuing use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) in students: a consumer commitment model

Background: Research on continued CAM use has been largely atheoretical and has not considered the broader range of psychological and behavioral factors that may be involved. The purpose of this study was to test a new conceptual model of commitment to CAM use that implicates utilitarian (trust in CAM) and symbolic (perceived fit with CAM) in psychological and behavioral dimensions of CAM commitment. Methods: A student sample of CAM consumers, (N= 159) completed a survey about their CAM use, CAM-related values, intentions for future CAM use, CAM word-of-mouth behavior, and perceptions of being an ongoing CAM consumer. Results: Analysis revealed that the utilitarian, symbolic, and CAM commitment variables were significantly related, with r’s ranging from .54 to .73. A series hierarchical regression analyses controlling for relevant demographic variables found that the utilitarian and symbolic values uniquely accounted for significant and substantial proportion of the variance in each of the three CAM commitment indicators (R2 from .37 to .57). Conclusions: The findings provide preliminary support for the new model that posits that CAM commitment is a multi-dimensional psychological state with behavioral indicators. Further research with large-scale samples and longitudinal designs is warranted to understand the potential value of the new model

CTA Rapport de fin de projet: Manioc21

Le projet « Manioc21 » vise notamment à affiner les nouveaux modèles d’affaire qui créent des liens commerciaux et promeuvent des activités à valeur ajoutée susceptibles d’être déployées à l’échelle régionale et à accélérer l’adoption de ces modèles. Ce projet a été mis en œuvre pendant deux ans au Cameroun et en République démocratique du Congo, l’objectif étant d’accroître progressivement le nombre de coopératives bénéficiaires dans toute l’Afrique centrale. Les objectifs de ce projet sont de contribuer à l'augmentation des revenus, d'améliorer la sécurité alimentaire et de promouvoir des emplois décents pour les femmes et les jeunes d’Afrique centrale à travers le développement de modèles commerciaux innovants et durables basés sur la production, transformation et commercialisation du manioc

CTA Project Completion Report: Promoting inclusive, sustainable and responsible fisheries value chains in Seychelles and the IOC region

Aiming at improving the governance of the fisheries sector and strengthening the development of more inclusive and sustainable fisheries value chains in the Seychelles and the IOC region, the activities of the project were implemented in partnership with the following partners: • Seychelles Fisheries Authority (SFA) • Seychelles Fishers and Boat Owners Association (FBOA) • Fédération des Pêcheurs Artisans de l’Océan Indien (FPAOI) • ABALOBI (ICT start-up based in Cape Town, South Africa