181 research outputs found
Feasibility study (I stage) of CO2 geological storage by ECBM tecniques in the Sulcis Coal Province (SW Sardinia).
An ECBM feasibility study started for the Sulcis Coal Province (SW Sardinia, Italy): available geochemical, structural-geology, stratigraphic and reservoir engineering considerations as well as the newly gathered experimental data are discussed, including: fluid geochemistry (major and minor elements, dissolved gases, C and He isotopic ratios) of different strata/reservoir, coal composition and experimental data on CO2/CH4 adsorption-desorption on coal. A MapInfo GIS structure was built up including stratigraphic, geo-structural, hydro-geochemical, coal-compositional and environmental-impact information as well as the CO2 sources location and typology. Despite preliminary, these data highlighted both the challenging positive and negative aspects of the Sulcis Coal Province versus the exploitation of the ECBM technique. The most important objective of this phase I of the project is the selection of the best Sulcis ECBM test-pilot site, which will be followed (Phase II-2007) by the choice of a scaled up site and possibly by a future network (Phase III-2008). CO2 geological storage and CH4 production potentials in Sulcis have been grossly evaluated as a whole, in the frame of the Sardinia region CO2 sources, including the coal-fired power plants, both existent and foreseen (hundreds of millions of tonnes of CO2 are possible to be stored underground in the next decades).UnpublishedTrondheim, Norway4.4. Scenari e mitigazione del rischio ambientaleope
Feasibility study (I stage) of CO2 geological storage by ECBM tecniques in the Sulcis Coal Province (SW Sardinia).
An ECBM feasibility study started for the Sulcis Coal Province (SW Sardinia, Italy): available geochemical, structural-geology, stratigraphic and reservoir engineering considerations as well as the newly gathered experimental data are discussed, including: fluid geochemistry (major and minor elements, dissolved gases, C and He isotopic ratios) of different strata/reservoir, coal composition and experimental data on CO2/CH4 adsorption-desorption on coal. A MapInfo GIS structure was built up including stratigraphic, geo-structural, hydro-geochemical, coal-compositional and environmental-impact information as well as the CO2 sources location and typology. Despite preliminary, these data highlighted both the challenging positive and negative aspects of the Sulcis Coal Province versus the exploitation of the ECBM technique. The most important objective of this phase I of the project is the selection of the best Sulcis ECBM test-pilot site, which will be followed (Phase II-2007) by the choice of a scaled up site and possibly by a future network (Phase III-2008). CO2 geological storage and CH4 production potentials in Sulcis have been grossly evaluated as a whole, in the frame of the Sardinia region CO2 sources, including the coal-fired power plants, both existent and foreseen (hundreds of millions of tonnes of CO2 are possible to be stored underground in the next decades)
Phosphoproteomic analysis of neoadjuvant breast cancer suggests that increased sensitivity to paclitaxel is driven by CDK4 and filamin A
Precision oncology research is challenging outside the contexts of oncogenic addiction and/or targeted therapies. We previously showed that phosphoproteomics is a powerful approach to reveal patient subsets of interest characterized by the activity of a few kinases where the underlying genomics is complex. Here, we conduct a phosphoproteomic screening of samples from HER2-negative female breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant paclitaxel (N = 130), aiming to find candidate biomarkers of paclitaxel sensitivity. Filtering 11 candidate biomarkers through 2 independent patient sets (N= 218) allowed the identification of a subgroup of patients characterized by high levels of CDK4 and filamin-A who had a 90% chance of achieving a pCR in response to paclitaxel. Mechanistically, CDK4 regulates filamin-A transcription, which in turn forms a complex with tubulin and CLIP-170, which elicits increased binding of paclitaxel to microtubules, microtubule acetylation and stabilization, and mitotic catastrophe. Thus, phosphoproteomics allows the identification of explainable factors for predicting response to paclitaxel
Financial difficulties but not other types of recent negative life events show strong interactions with 5-HTTLPR genotype in the development of depressive symptoms
Several studies indicate that 5-HTTLPR mediates the effect of childhood adversity in the development of depression, while results are contradictory for recent negative life events. For childhood adversity the interaction with genotype is strongest for sexual abuse, but not for other types of childhood maltreatment; however, possible interactions with specific recent life events have not been investigated separately. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of four distinct types of recent life events in the development of depressive symptoms in a large community sample. Interaction between different types of recent life events measured by the List of Threatening Experiences and the 5-HTTLPR genotype on current depression measured by the depression subscale and additional items of the Brief Symptom Inventory was investigated in 2588 subjects in Manchester and Budapest. Only a nominal interaction was found between life events overall and 5-HTTLPR on depression, which failed to survive correction for multiple testing. However, subcategorising life events into four categories showed a robust interaction between financial difficulties and the 5-HTTLPR genotype, and a weaker interaction in the case of illness/injury. No interaction effect for the other two life event categories was present. We investigated a general non-representative sample in a cross-sectional approach. Depressive symptoms and life event evaluations were self-reported. The 5-HTTLPR polymorphism showed a differential interaction pattern with different types of recent life events, with the strongest interaction effects of financial difficulties on depressive symptoms. This specificity of interaction with only particular types of life events may help to explain previous contradictory findings
CHIME/FRB Detection of Eight New Repeating Fast Radio Burst Sources
We report on the discovery of eight repeating fast radio burst (FRB) sources
found using the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME)
telescope. These sources span a dispersion measure (DM) range of 103.5 to 1281
pc cm. They display varying degrees of activity: six sources were
detected twice, another three times, and one ten times. These eight repeating
FRBs likely represent the bright and/or high-rate end of a distribution of
infrequently repeating sources. For all sources, we determine sky coordinates
with uncertainties of 10. FRB 180916.J0158+65 has a
burst-averaged DM = pc cm and a low DM excess over the
modelled Galactic maximum (as low as 20 pc cm); this source also
has a Faraday rotation measure (RM) of rad m, much
lower than the RM measured for FRB 121102. FRB 181030.J1054+73 has the lowest
DM for a repeater, pc cm, with a DM excess of 70
pc cm. Both sources are interesting targets for multi-wavelength
follow-up due to their apparent proximity. The DM distribution of our repeater
sample is statistically indistinguishable from that of the first 12 CHIME/FRB
sources that have not repeated. We find, with 4 significance, that
repeater bursts are generally wider than those of CHIME/FRB bursts that have
not repeated, suggesting different emission mechanisms. Our repeater events
show complex morphologies that are reminiscent of the first two discovered
repeating FRBs. The repetitive behavior of these sources will enable
interferometric localizations and subsequent host galaxy identifications.Comment: 40 pages, 11 figures; accepted by ApJL on 28 September 2019; added
analysis of correlation between width and max. flux densit
Major Role of Microbes in Carbon Fluxes during Austral Winter in the Southern Drake Passage
Carbon cycling in Southern Ocean is a major issue in climate change, hence the need to understand the role of biota in the regulation of carbon fixation and cycling. Southern Ocean is a heterogeneous system, characterized by a strong seasonality, due to long dark winter. Yet, currently little is known about biogeochemical dynamics during this season, particularly in the deeper part of the ocean. We studied bacterial communities and processes in summer and winter cruises in the southern Drake Passage. Here we show that in winter, when the primary production is greatly reduced, Bacteria and Archaea become the major producers of biogenic particles, at the expense of dissolved organic carbon drawdown. Heterotrophic production and chemoautotrophic CO2 fixation rates were substantial, also in deep water, and bacterial populations were controlled by protists and viruses. A dynamic food web is also consistent with the observed temporal and spatial variations in archaeal and bacterial communities that might exploit various niches. Thus, Southern Ocean microbial loop may substantially maintain a wintertime food web and system respiration at the expense of summer produced DOC as well as regenerate nutrients and iron. Our findings have important implications for Southern Ocean ecosystem functioning and carbon cycle and its manipulation by iron enrichment to achieve net sequestration of atmospheric CO2
Periodic activity from a fast radio burst source
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are bright, millisecond-duration radio transients
originating from extragalactic distances. Their origin is unknown. Some FRB
sources emit repeat bursts, ruling out cataclysmic origins for those events.
Despite searches for periodicity in repeat burst arrival times on time scales
from milliseconds to many days, these bursts have hitherto been observed to
appear sporadically, and though clustered, without a regular pattern. Here we
report the detection of a day periodicity (or possibly a
higher-frequency alias of that periodicity) from a repeating FRB
180916.J0158+65 detected by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment
Fast Radio Burst Project (CHIME/FRB). In 38 bursts recorded from September
16th, 2018 through February 4th, 2020, we find that all bursts arrive in a
5-day phase window, and 50% of the bursts arrive in a 0.6-day phase window. Our
results suggest a mechanism for periodic modulation either of the burst
emission itself, or through external amplification or absorption, and disfavour
models invoking purely sporadic processes
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