Educación inclusiva: revisión teórica y estudio de caso múltiple

La educación inclusiva busca garantizar una educación equitativa y de calidad para todos los estudiantes. En este trabajo se profundiza en su conceptualización teórica, a través del análisis de las diferentes definiciones y terminología asociada; y en la parte práctica, gracias a la investigación de diferentes propuestas inclusivas en algunos centros educativos del entorno de Zaragoza y el posterior estudio de su contexto y beneficios. El objetivo es enriquecer la labor docente para lograr una educación inclusiva y de calidad para todo el alumnado a lo largo de toda su etapa vital, aunque centrándose en la importancia en los primeros años.<br /

La importancia de la colaboración familia-escuela desde la acción tutorial

Cada vez más, las familias y las escuelas demandan una implicación mayor de ambas en los centros. Esto supone una realidad en la sociedad actual que, en consecuencia, hace que destaque la figura del tutor como contacto directo con ellas. Este debe liderar, de manera correcta, teniendo la certeza de que una buena relación familia-escuela conlleva un amplio abanico de beneficios para el alumnado. De esta manera, debe responder con ciertas competencias y actitudes que integren a las familias en el centro, haciéndolas partícipes del proceso educativo de su hijo. Y, además, debe comprender que la colaboración tiene grandes repercusiones en su labor tutorial que apoyan y ayudan su labor como educador. Utilizando de manera consecuente la información que le aportan las familias puede mejorar su acción tutorial y educativa adaptando y ajustando el proceso educativo a las necesidades y características propias del alumnado. Se debe tener en cuenta que cuando ambos agentes (familia y escuela) deciden colaborar lo hacen para logar el desarrollo integral del niño, que debe ser su punto de mira común y lo que les haga estrechar lazos para fomentar relaciones óptimas entre familia y escuela.<br /

Una intervención específica sobre estrategias de aprendizaje en contextos socioculturales complejos

Ante las necesidades observadas en un instituto catalogado como centro de especial dificultad en la etapa educativa en la comunidad de Aragón (orden ECD/1435/2017), se plantea enseñar a un alumnado mayoritariamente inmigrante a través de una propuesta de intervención hábitos de estudio y estrategias de aprendizaje, entendidas estas últimas como cualquier metodología que facilita al estudiante la comprensión y profundización de la información. La propuesta se basa en los gustos e intereses de los estudiantes, con el fin de crear una competencia transversal de aprender a aprender, transfiriendo el aprendizaje de lo extracurricular a lo curricular, de las tutorías al resto de materias y contextos de la vida. Palabras clave: estrategias de aprendizaje, hábitos de estudio, rutinas de pensamiento, enseñanza-aprendizaje, necesidades y orientación educativa. <br /

Evolución de la prevalencia de factores de riesgo. Mendoza. 2019- 2013.

El Observatorio de Salud de la Universidad Juan Agustín Maza tiene como propósito servir a la comunidad mendocina mediante la gestión del conocimiento de su realidad, en este caso, sanitaria. La comprensión de la salud de las personas como un bien que requiere la participación de múltiples actores, sectores, incluidos los individuos, impulsa nuestros esfuerzos en pos de visibilizar aspectos del conocimiento que generan mayor o menor oportunidades de salud de los ciudadanos de nuestra provincia. El presente documento continúa la información recolectada en la Serie 2 – “EVOLUCIÓN DE LA PREVALENCIA DE FACTORES DE RIESGO. MENDOZA 2005 – 2009 – 2013” y se analiza el comportamiento y la evolución de los datos de prevalencia de factores de riesgo para la provincia de Mendoza, la región de Cuyo y el conjunto del país, en comparativa con la Encuesta Nacional de Factores de Riesgo, realizada en 2013

Prevalência de doença osteomioarticular lombossacral e de membros inferiores em auxiliares de enfermagem

Introduction: health care workers are constantly confronted with complex tasks that affect the lumbar region and lower limbs. Objective: to identify the prevalence of lumbosacral and lower limb osteomyoarticular pathologies in nursing assistants. Method: an epidemiological, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in the 18D04 health district of Tungurahua, Ecuador. A total of 46 nursing assistants were selected in this study. We aimed a questionnaire to assess the sociodemographic variables, seniority in the health sector, time schedules, modes and time of exposure to the usual work. Chi-square test, Pearson's parametric correlation test, and the Student's t-test were used. Results: most nursing assistants, the 85%, were diagnosed with lumbosacral and lower limb pathologies, and 39% took a temporary absence from work between 1-3 days. It was found that 37% performed the heavy load work and 33% performed prolonged walks. The 67% had between 11 and 40 years of work and the rest had less than 10 years in the health sector. Fifty-four percent suffered from lower limb pathologies and 46% from lumbosacral pathologies. Conclusions: lumbosacral and lower limb osteomyoarticular pathology is related to age, and their suffering in the last 12 months has led to a level of absenteeism in the workplace. There was no an important relationship, statistically, between osteomyoarticular pathology and seniority in the sector, working hours and the activities most frequently performed.Introducción: los trabajadores de la salud se enfrentan permanentemente a labores complejas que afectan la región lumbar y miembros inferiores. Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia de enfermedad osteomioarticular lumbosacras y miembros inferiores en auxiliares de enfermería Método: se realizó un estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo y transversal en una muestra de 46 auxiliares del Distrito 18D04 de salud de Tungurahua, Ecuador. El instrumento aplicado fue un cuestionario para indagar variables sociodemográficas, antigüedad en el sector, horarios, tipos y tiempo de exposición a las labores habituales. Se utilizó la prueba estadística Chi-cuadrado, la paramétrica de correlación de Pearson y la prueba t de Student. Resultados: el 85 % presentó enfermedades lumbosacras y miembros inferiores durante el tiempo de trabajo, se apreció que el 39 % ha tenido una baja temporal al trabajo entre 1-3 días. Se identificó que la carga de peso es realizada por un 37 % y caminatas prolongadas en un 33 %. El 67 % tenía entre 11 y 40 años de trabajo y el resto menos de 10 años en el sector. El 54 % padeció enfermedades pertenecientes a miembros inferiores y un 46 % a lumbosacras. Conclusiones: el padecimiento de enfermedad osteomioarticular lumbosacras y miembros inferiores está relacionado con la edad y con padecerlas en los últimos doce meses, estas han provocado ausentismo laboral. No se comprobó una relación estadísticamente significativa con el padecimiento de enfermedad osteomioarticular con la antigüedad en el sector, las jornadas de trabajo y las actividades que más desarrollan.Introdução: os trabalhadores da saúde enfrentam constantemente tarefas complexas que afetam a região lombar e membros inferiores.Objetivo: identificar a prevalência de doenças osteomioarticulares lombossacrais e de membros inferiores em auxiliares de enfermagem. Método: estudo epidemiológico, descritivo e transversal em uma amostra de 46 auxiliares do Distrito Sanitário 18D04 de Tungurahua, Equador. O instrumento aplicado foi um questionário para investigar variáveis sociodemográficas, antiguidade no setor, horário, tipos e tempo de exposição a tarefas normais. Foram utilizados o teste estatístico Qui-quadrado, correlação paramétrica de Pearson e teste t de Student. Resultados: 85% dos estudados apresentaram doenças lombossacrais e de membros inferiores durante o tempo de trabalho, observou-se que 39% tiveram afastamento temporário do trabalho entre 1-3 dias. Identificou-se que a descarga de peso é realizada por 37% e as caminhadas prolongadas por 33%. 67% tinham entre 11 e 40 anos de trabalho e o restante menos de 10 anos no setor. 54% sofreram doenças pertencentes aos membros inferiores e 46% lombossacral. Conclusões: o sofrimento da doença osteomioarticular lombossacral e de membros inferiores está relacionado à idade e com o sofrimento nos últimos doze meses, estes têm causado absenteísmo ao trabalho. Não foi verificada relação estatisticamente significativa entre o sofrimento de doença osteomioarticular e o tempo de permanência no setor, a jornada de trabalho e as atividades que mais desenvolvem

Preventive practices to promote digital disconnection in higher education

Estos son los resultados de un Proyecto de Innovación Docente y buenas prácticas docentes de la UGR (2022-2023): “Buenas prácticas para un uso adecuado de los dispositivos móviles del alumnado en la UGR". Unidad de Calidad, Innovación Docente y Prospectiva.El uso de los dispositivos móviles y en particular el teléfono se ha generalizado en toda la sociedad y lógicamente también entre el alumnado universitario. Las universidades son conscientes de la necesidad de información y formación para garantizar un buen uso de los mismos. Esta es la razón que nos ha llevado a elaborar una guía de buenas prácticas sencilla, corta, atractiva, y de fácil lectura, que contiene en un único documento recomendaciones para un buen uso de las redes sociales y de la mensajería instantánea. La finalidad perseguida es concienciar de la importancia de aplicar medidas preventivas para preservar la salud digital y garantizar el derecho a la desconexión digital entre la comunidad universitaria. Esta guía contiene también información sobre cómo actuar y dónde dirigirse ante algún problema derivado de un mal uso de tales dispositivosThe use of mobile devices and in particular the mobile phones has become widespread throughout society. Its use is increasing in the young population and logically also among university students. Universities are aware of the need for information and training to ensure a good use of them. This is the reason that has led us to develop a simple, short, attractive and easy to read guide of good practices, which contains in a single document, recommendations for a good use of social networks and instant messaging. The aim is to raise awareness of the importance of applying preventive measures to preserve digital health and guarantee the right to digital disconnection among the university community. This guide also contains information on how to act and where to turn to in the event of a problem arising from the misuse of such devices

Molecular Profiling of Decompensated Cirrhosis by a Novel MicroRNA Signature

Noninvasive staging of decompensated cirrhosis is an unmet clinical need. The aims of this study were to characterize and validate a novel microRNA (miRNA) signature to stage decompensated cirrhosis and predict the portal pressure and systolic cardiac response to nonselective beta-blockers (NSBBs). Serum samples from patients with decompensated cirrhosis (n = 36) and healthy controls (n = 36) were tested for a novel signature of five miRNAs (miR-452-5p, miR-429, miR-885-5p, miR-181b-5p, and miR-122-5p) identified in the secretome of primary human hepatocytes and for three miRNAs (miR-192-5p, miR-34a-5p, and miR-29a-5p) previously discovered as biomarkers of chronic liver disease. All patients had ascites, which was refractory in 18 (50%), and were placed on NSBBs for variceal bleeding prophylaxis. In all patients, serum miRNAs, hepatic venous pressure gradient, and an echocardiogram study were performed before and 1 month after NSBBs. Patients with cirrhosis had lower serum levels of miR-429, miR-885-5p, miR-181b-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-192-5p, and miR-29a-5p (P < 0.05). Baseline serum miR-452-5p and miR-429 levels were lower in NSBB responders (P = 0.006). miR-181b-5p levels were greater in refractory ascites than in diuretic-sensitive ascites (P = 0.008) and correlated with serum creatinine. miR-452-5p and miR-885-5p were inversely correlated with baseline systemic vascular resistance (ρ = −0.46, P = 0.007; and ρ = −0.41, P = 0.01, respectively) and with diminished systolic contractility (ρ = −0.55, P = 0.02; and ρ = −0.55, P = 0.02, respectively) in patients with refractory ascites after NSBBs. Conclusion: Analysis of a miRNA signature in serum discriminates between patients with decompensated cirrhosis who show more severe systemic circulatory dysfunction and compromised systolic function after beta-blockade and those more likely to benefit from NSBBs

Effectiveness of Text Message Reminders on Adherence to Inhaled Therapy in Patients With Asthma : Prospective Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial

Poor adherence to inhaled medication in asthma patients is of great concern. It is one of the main reasons for inadequate asthma control. The goal of the research was to determine if motivational messages using short message service (SMS, or text) improved adherence to inhaled medication in patients with asthma. A prospective multicenter randomized parallel-group clinical trial was conducted in 10 asthma clinics in Spain. Adherence was assessed with electronic monitors (Smartinhaler, Adherium Ltd) connected to inhalers. Patients in the SMS group received psychologist-developed motivational messages every 3 days for 6 months. There were 53 patients in the SMS group and 88 patients in the control group. After 6 months, mean electronic adherence was 70% (SD 17%) in the intervention group and 69% (SD 17%) in the control group (P =.82). Significant differences between the study groups in morning and evening adherence to inhaled therapy, asthma control, exhaled nitric oxide levels, or improvement of lung functions were not observed. Motivational messages were not useful to improve adherence to inhaled asthma medication compared with usual care

The O3N2 and N2 abundance indicators revisited: improved calibrations based on CALIFA and T e-based literature data

Astronomy and Astrophysics 559 (2013): A114 reproduced with permission from Astronomy and AstrophysicsThe use of integral field spectroscopy is since recently allowing to measure the emission line fluxes of an increasingly large number of star-forming galaxies, both locally and at high redshift. Many studies have used these fluxes to derive the gas-phase metallicity of the galaxies by applying the so-called strong-line methods. However, the metallicity indicators that these datasets use were empirically calibrated using few direct abundance data points (Te-based measurements). Furthermore, a precise determination of the prediction intervals of these indicators is commonly lacking in these calibrations. Such limitations might lead to systematic errors in determining the gas-phase metallicity, especially at high redshift, which might have a strong impact on our understanding of the chemical evolution of the Universe. The main goal of this study is to review the most widely used empirical oxygen calibrations, O3N2 and N2, by using newdirect abundance measurements. We pay special attention to (1) the expected uncertainty of these calibrations as a function of the index value or abundance derived and (2) the presence of possible systematic offsets. This is possible thanks to the analysis of the most ambitious compilation of Te-based H ii regions to date. This new dataset compiles the Te-based abundances of 603 H ii regions extracted from the literature but also includes new measurements from the CALIFA survey. Besides providing new and improved empirical calibrations for the gas abundance, we also present a comparison between our revisited calibrations with a total of 3423 additional CALIFA H ii complexes with abundances derived using the ONS calibration from the literature. The combined analysis of T e-based and ONS abundances allows us to derive their most accurate calibration to date for both the O3N2 and N2 single-ratio indicators, in terms of all statistical significance, quality, and coverage of the parameters space. In particular, we infer that these indicators show shallower abundance dependencies and statistically significant offsets compared to others'. The O3N2 and N2 indicators can be empirically applied to derive oxygen abundances calibrations from either direct abundance determinations with random errors of 0.18 and 0.16, respectively, or from indirect ones (but based on a large amount of data), reaching an average precision of 0.08 and 0.09 dex (random) and 0.02 and 0.08 dex (systematic; compared to the direct estimations), respectivelyR.A. Marino is funded by the Spanish program of International Campus of Excellence Moncloa (CEI). D. Mast thank the Plan Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo funding programs, AYA2012-31935 of the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, for the support given to this project. S.F.S thanks the the Ramón y Cajal project RyC-2011-07590 of the spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, for the support giving to this project. F.F.R.O. acknowledges the Mexican National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT) for financial support under the program Estancias Postdoctorales y Sabáticas al Extranjero para la Consolidación de Grupos de Investigación, 2010-2012. We acknowledge financial support for the ESTALLIDOS collaboration by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación under grant AYA2010- 21887-C04-03. BG-L also acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) under grant AYA2012- 39408-C02-02. J.F.-B. acknowledges financial support from the Ramón y Cajal Program and grant AYA2010-21322-C03-02 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO), as well as to the DAGAL network from the People’s Program (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program FP7/2007-2013/ under REA grant agreement number PITN-GA-2011-289313. CK has been funded by project AYA2010-21887 from the Spanish PNAYA. P.P. acknowledges support by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) under project FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-029170 (Reference FCT PTDC/FIS-AST/3214/2012), funded by FCT-MEC (PIDDAC) and FEDER (COMPETE). R.M.G.D. and R.G.B. also acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) under grant AyA2010-15081. V.S., L.G., and A.M.M. acknowledge financial support from the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) under program Ciência 2008 and the research grant PTDC/CTE-AST/112582/200

Exercise Ventilatory Inefficiency in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: Insights from a Prospective Evaluation

The present study was partially granted by Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León under grant number GRS COVID 111/A/20 and a grant from the Spanish Society of Cardiology SEC/FEC-INVCLI 2.Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a systemic disease characterized by a disproportionate inflammatory response in the acute phase. This study sought to identify clinical sequelae and their potential mechanism. Methods: We conducted a prospective single-center study (NCT04689490) of previously hospitalized COVID-19 patients with and without dyspnea during mid-term follow-up. An outpatient group was also evaluated. They underwent serial testing with a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), transthoracic echocardiogram, pulmonary lung test, six-minute walking test, serum biomarker analysis, and quality of life questionaries. Results: Patients with dyspnea (n = 41, 58.6%), compared with asymptomatic patients (n = 29, 41.4%), had a higher proportion of females (73.2 vs. 51.7%; p = 0.065) with comparable age and prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. There were no significant differences in the transthoracic echocardiogram and pulmonary function test. Patients who complained of persistent dyspnea had a significant decline in predicted peak VO2 consumption (77.8 (64–92.5) vs. 99 (88–105); p 50% of COVID-19 survivors present a symptomatic functional impairment irrespective of age or prior hospitalization. Our findings suggest a potential ventilation/perfusion mismatch or hyperventilation syndrome.Fac. de MedicinaTRUEJunta de Castilla y León. Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y LeónSociedad Española de Cardiologíapu