Typical and extreme entropies of long-lived isolated quantum systems

In this paper, we investigate and compare two well-developed definitions of entropy relevant for describing the dynamics of isolated quantum systems: bipartite entanglement entropy and observational entropy. In a model system of interacting particles in a one-dimensional lattice, we numerically solve for the full quantum behavior of the system. We characterize the fluctuations, and find the maximal, minimal, and typical entropy of each type that the system can eventually attain through its evolution. While both entropies are low for some "special" configurations and high for more "generic" ones, there are several fundamental differences in their behavior. Observational entropy behaves in accord with classical Boltzmann entropy (e.g. equilibrium is a condition of near-maximal entropy and uniformly distributed particles, and minimal entropy is a very compact configuration). Entanglement entropy is rather different: minimal entropy "empties out" one partition while maximal entropy apportions the particles between the partitions, and neither is typical. Beyond these qualitative results, we characterize both entropies and their fluctuations in some detail as they depend on temperature, particle number, and box size.Comment: Additional comments are made in the caption of figure 10 (a). Equation 7 and a brief description are added in relation to figure

Role of S protein in thromboembolic complications during COVID19 and activated protein C as a serious therapeutic avenue in severe forms of patients

COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) is a public health emergency of international concern. There is a pressing urgency to find treatments based upon currently available scientific knowledge and epidemiological data. In this article, we provide a novel hypothesis describing how the severity of the pathology is mainly resulting from the Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 (virus causing COVID-19) and not due to the direct action of the virus. SARS-CoV-2 appears to alter the endothelial cell. The pathophysiological mechanism is not yet elucidated. The damage caused resembles a systemic, multi-organ vasculitis predominantly in the lungs. An increase in thromboembolic complications has been observed in COVID-19 patients. These are manifested by pulmonary embolisms or systemic microembolism manifested by microangiopathy affecting the lungs, brain, liver, kidneys and intestines. Therefore, we hypothesize that an auto-immune acquired Protein S (PS) deficiency may be involved in the pathogenesis of thrombotic events in Covid-19. Auto-antibodies to Protein S may form immune complexes, inducing increased clearance of PS or interfering with the protein C-protein S system. COVID-19 early thromboprophylaxis in infected patients, or even effective anticoagulation, could prevent the progression to severe forms, thus reducing mortality in patients with COVID-19. Activated Protein C (APC), a physiological coagulation inhibitor with cytoprotective properties, could be an interesting avenue for the treatment of severe forms of the disease in intensive care; its administration in hypoxic patients could improve tissue oxygenation. Randomized resuscitation studies in patients with COVID19 are also needed to confirm our hypothesis

Double talon cusps on supernumerary tooth fused to maxillary central incisor: review of literature and report of case

Human tooth development is a continuous process begin at the sixth weeks in utero and extends to about sixth months after birth for the primary dentition and from sixteenth week in utero to late adolescence for permanent dentition. There is no other organ of the human body which takes so long to attain its ultimate morphology as dentition. Several physiologic growth processes participate in the progressive development of the teeth including: initiation, proliferation, histodifferentiation, morphodifferentiation, apposition, calcification, and eruption. Aberra - tions in different stages of tooth development can result in unique manifestations both in primary and permanent dentitions. The fact that premaxilla is the predilection site for the occurrence of supernumerary teeth, talon cusp, dens invaginatus, and geminated teeth may suggest that the embryological development of premaxilla differ from other sites of the jaws. The dental abnormalities presented in this review are of great concern to dentist and parents because they create clinical, pathological and esthetic problems. Dental practitioner should be aware of the clinical sign, associated problems and treatment options for a given case

Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis in a South African public hospital

Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes abstract.The evidence suggests an association between HIV, TB and DVT. There are no studies of this link in the Southern African setting, where the incidence of both of these conditions (HIV and TB) is high. We therefore undertook a study to define the incidence of HIV and TB in patients with confirmed DVT in this setting. The aim of this study is to describe the incidence of HIV, TB and the more commonly accepted risk factors in patients with confirmed DVT in a South African public hospital

A transformation-driven approach to automate feedback verification results

International audienceThe integration of formal verification methods in modeling activities is a key issue to ensure the correctness of complex system design models. In this purpose, the most common approach consists in defining a translational semantics mapping the abstract syntax of the designer dedicated Domain-Specific Modeling Language (DSML) to a formal verification dedicated semantic domain in order to reuse the available powerful verification technologies. Formal verification is thus usually achieved using model transformations. However, the verification results are available in the formal domain which significantly impairs their use by the system designer which is usually not an expert of the formal technologies. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach based on Higher-Order transformations that analyze and instrument the transformation that expresses the semantics in order to produce traceability data to automatize the back propagation of verification results to the DSML end-user

A Semantic Social Recommender System Using Ontologies Based Approach For Tunisian Tourism

Tunisia is well placed in terms of medical tourism and has highly qualified and specialized medical and surgical teams. Integrating social networks in Tunisian medical tourism recommender systems can result in much more accurate recommendations. That is to say, information, interests, and recommendations retrieved from social networks can improve the prediction accuracy. This paper aims to improve traditional recommender systems by incorporating information in social network; including user preferences and influences from social friends. Accordingly, a user interest ontology is developed to make personalized recommendations out of such information. In this paper, we present a semantic social recommender system employing a user interest ontology and a Tunisian Medical Tourism ontology. Our system can improve the quality of recommendation for Tunisian tourism domain. Finally, our social recommendation algorithm is implemented in order to be used in a Tunisia tourism Website to assist users interested in visiting Tunisia for medical purposes

The Effectiveness of a Group Career Counseling Program Based on the Information Processing Theory to Improve Self Efficacy and Making Career Decision Skills among Tenth Grade Students in the Educational Directorate of Markah

This study aims at testing the effectiveness of a group counseling program based on the information processing theory to improve self-efficacy and making career decision skills among tenth grade students. The study sample were selected from Marka high school. It was divided randomly into exprerimental group (10) students, and control group (10) students. To achieve the objectives of the study, self-efficacy and decision-making career inventories were prepared. A validity, reliability and have been established. A program of career counseling has been prepared according to the theory of information processing consisting of (14) sessions and then validated. The progam was applied to the experimental group. Analysis of covariance was used to statistically evaluate the results. The findings indicated that there was statistically significant difference in improving the effectiveness of selfefficacy, and improving the career decision-making skill in favor of the experimental group. The study concludes that more research in the field of self-efficacy career, and decision-making career may be conducted with other grade students and the program in this study generalized and teachers trained to use such program

Leveraging formal verification tools for DSML users: a process modeling case study

15 pagesIn the last decade, Model Driven Engineering (MDE) has been used to improve the development of safety critical systems by providing early Validation and Verification (V&V) tools for Domain Specific Modeling Languages (DSML). Verification of behavioral models is mainly addressed by translating domain specific models to formal verification dedicated languages in order to use the sophisticated associated tools such as model-checkers. This approach has been successfully applied in many different contexts, but it has a major draw- back: the user has to interact with the formal tools. In this paper, we present an illustrated approach that allows the designer to formally express the expected behavioral properties using a user oriented language -- a temporal extension of OCL --, that is automatically translated into the formal language; and then to get feedback from the assessment of these properties using its domain language without having to deal with the formal verification language nor with the under- lying translational semantics. This work is based on the metamodeling pattern for executable DSML that extends the DSML metamodel to integrate concerns related to execution and behavior