Origin of the unusual ground-state spin S = 9 in a Cr10 single-molecule magnet

The molecular wheel [Cr10(OMe)20(O2CCMe3)10], abbreviated {Cr10}, with an unusual intermediate total spin S = 9 and non-negligible cluster anisotropy, D/kB = −0.045(2) K, is a rare case among wheels based on an even number of 3d-metals, which usually present an antiferromagnetic (AF) ground state (S = 0). Herein, we unveil the origin of such a behavior. Angular magnetometry measurements performed on a single crystal confirmed the axial anisotropic behavior of {Cr10}. For powder samples, the temperature dependence of the susceptibility plotted as χT(T) showed an overall ferromagnetic (FM) behavior down to 1.8 K, whereas the magnetization curve M(H) did not saturate at the expected 30 μB/fu for 10 FM coupled 3/2 spin Cr3+ ions, but to a much lower value, corresponding to S = 9. In addition, the X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measured at high magnetic field (170 kOe) and 7.5 K showed the polarization of the cluster moment up to 23 μB/fu. The magnetic results can be rationalized within a model, including the cluster anisotropy, in which the {Cr10} wheel is formed by two semiwheels, each with four Cr3+ spins FM coupled (JFM/kB = 2.0 K), separated by two Cr3+ ions AF coupled asymmetrically (J23/kB = J78/kB = −2.0 K; J34/kB = J89/kB = −0.25 K). Inelastic neutron scattering and heat capacity allowed us to confirm this model leading to the S = 9 ground state and first excited S = 8. Single-molecule magnet behavior with an activation energy of U/kB = 4.0(5) K in the absence of applied field was observed through ac susceptibility measurements down to 0.1 K. The intriguing magnetic behavior of {Cr10} arises from the detailed asymmetry in the molecule interactions produced by small-angle distortions in the angles of the Cr–O–Cr alkoxy bridges coupling the Cr3+ ions, as demonstrated by ab initio and density functional theory calculations, while the cluster anisotropy can be correlated to the single-ion anisotropies calculated for each Cr3+ ion in the wheel.The authors acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación, through Projects MAT2017-83468-R (AEI/FEDER, UE) and PID2020-115159GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, Aragonese Project RASMIA E12_20R (co-funded by Fondo Social Europeo) and of the European Union FEDER (ES). Also University of Padova Grants P-DISC#09BIRD2019-UNIPD SMOW.Peer reviewe

Nat Genet

The function of the majority of genes in the mouse and human genomes remains unknown. The mouse embryonic stem cell knockout resource provides a basis for the characterization of relationships between genes and phenotypes. The EUMODIC consortium developed and validated robust methodologies for the broad-based phenotyping of knockouts through a pipeline comprising 20 disease-oriented platforms. We developed new statistical methods for pipeline design and data analysis aimed at detecting reproducible phenotypes with high power. We acquired phenotype data from 449 mutant alleles, representing 320 unique genes, of which half had no previous functional annotation. We captured data from over 27,000 mice, finding that 83% of the mutant lines are phenodeviant, with 65% demonstrating pleiotropy. Surprisingly, we found significant differences in phenotype annotation according to zygosity. New phenotypes were uncovered for many genes with previously unknown function, providing a powerful basis for hypothesis generation and further investigation in diverse systems.Comment in : Genetic differential calculus. [Nat Genet. 2015] Comment in : Scaling up phenotyping studies. [Nat Biotechnol. 2015

Prise en charge multidisciplinaire coordonnée au sein d'un réseau de santé (l'expérience de la thrombose veineuse profonde des membres inférieurs)

Certaines pathologies dites complexes sont habituellement prises en charge à l'hopital, c'est le cas entre autres des thromboses veineuses profondes. Ces pathologies nécessitent une prise en charge spécifique, difficilement realisable en ambulatoire. Le réseau SphereS se propose de prendre en charge cette pathologie en ambulatoire. C'est grâce à un dispositif coordonné et multidisciplinaire que ce suivi a pu s'effectuer. Respectant des recommandations puis adaptant des stratégies diagnostiques et thérapeutiques pour un service de qualité en toute sécurité. L'objectif de mon étude est d'évaluer la prise en charge ambulatoire des patients suspects d'une TVP au sein du réseau SphereS. Pour ce faire, j'analyse le registre des patients pris en charge au sein du réseau SphereS durant une période allant de Juillet 2006 à Mai 2011. 301 patients ont été pris en charge pour suspiscion de TVP, 62 (20%) d'entres eux présentaient réellement une TVP, et seulement 13 (4%) ont été hospitalisés. Les clés d'une prise en charge ambulatoire sûre et efficace sont les délais rapides d'obtention des examens complémentaires nécessaires au diagnostic de TVP ainsi que le suivi dans le cadre d'un réseau structuré. Concrnant les 170 patients réellement suivis 169 ( 99%) patients n'ont eu ni TVP ni EP à un mois. Une patiente (1%) a eu une TVP. Il n'y a eu aucun décès. Le réseau permet une prise en charge de la TVP en ambulatoire en utilisant un référentiel mis au point par un comité d'experts. Il permet ainsi un désengorgement des urgences, un meilleur confort pour les patientsSome so-called complex diseases are usually supported at the hospital, this is the case among others of deep vein thrombosis. These conditions require specific care, outpatient impractical. the Sphere Network aims to support this condition as an outpatient. It is through a coordinated, multidisciplinary follow-up that could be done. Compliance with the recommendations and adapting diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for suspected DVT in the Sphere network. To do this, I analyze the register of patients treated within the network sphere during a period from July 2006 to May 2011. 301 patients were supported for suspiscion of DVT, 62 (20%) of them actually had a DVT, and only 13 (4%) were hospitalized. The keys to outpatient care are safe and effective for obtaining fast turnaround additional tests for the diagnosis of DVT and monitoring as part of a structured network. On 170 patients actually followed 169 ( 99%) patients had either DVT or PE in a month. One patient (1%) had DVT. There were no deaths. The network allows management of DVT as an outpatient using a repository developed by a committee of experts. It allows a Surge, more comfortable for patientsST QUENTIN EN YVELINES-BU (782972101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Value of Provoked or Spontaneous Flank Pain in Men with Febrile Urinary Tract Infections

Background: Our objective was to identify the clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics of febrile urinary tract infections (UTI) in men and to focus on the value of flank pain in these men managed in an ambulatory care system. Methods: A network was designed to manage men with febrile UTI without hospitalization according to an algorithm designed with different specialists. The patients’ characteristics were prospectively recorded and each patient was followed up until completely cured. We artificially divided patients into two groups. Group 1: men without flank pain diagnosed as prostatitis and a second group (Group 2) of men with flank pain or provoked flank pain more likely to have a pyelonephritis. Groups were compared to find arguments to differentiate prostatitis to pyelonephritis. Results: 350 men were included in the study, half of these men reported urinary symptoms (dysuria, urgency and burning urination). The negative predictive values of the nitrite and leukocytes test were poor alone or in combination. The renal ultrasound was never informative. None of the patients failed to respond to the treatment. No difference was found between groups. Conclusions: Laboratory test results and radiological features had a poor predictive value. Men with suspected pyelonephritis did not evolve differently from those with suspected prostatitis. Monitoring and treatment of men with febrile UTI does not seem to depend on the existence of a pyelonephritis suspected after the presence of a lumbar pain. Ambulatory management of febrile UTI is feasible and safe, requiring an efficient network for patient’s surveillance

Magyar Pedagógia

International audienceProtists (unicellular eukaryotes) arguably account for most eukaryotic diversity and are central players of the biosphere. Known protist diversity and biology is largely based on cultured strains. Yet, environmental molecular surveys have unveiled entirely novel lineages that, as their prokaryotic counterparts, are essentially uncultured. Culture bias is an important drawback for any microbe-related science and is particularly severe for heterotrophic protists, which depend on organic food sources for growth. Here, we show how ecologically significant bacterivorous protists have been brought into culture by mimicking in situ conditions. Single cells sorted by serial dilution or flow cytometry were inoculated into seawater amended with natural bacterial assemblage at nearly in situ abundances. Strains belonging to lineages only known so far from environmental sequencing were isolated. Among them, Minorisa minuta gen. nov. sp. nov. forms a novel branch within Rhizaria, holding a key evolutionary position, and with an average size of 1.4 mu m represents one of the smallest bacterial grazers known to date. It has a worldwide planktonic distribution and can account for 5% of heterotrophic protists communities in coastal waters. Physiological features of this strain can partly explain its success in the environment. Culturing ecologically relevant but elusive protists provide invaluable material for ecophysiology, genomics, ecosystem modeling and evolutionary issues. The ISME Journal (2013) 7, 351-358; doi:10.1038/ismej.2012.85; published online 19 July 201