“Educação, formação e cidadania”

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (especialização)—Universidade Aberta do Brasil, Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Educação, Curso de Especialização em Educação na Diversidade e Cidadania, com Ênfase em EJA, 2010.O presente trabalho tem por finalidade resgatar a cidadania dos sujeitos da EJA, onde eles se percebam como transformadores da realidade social e econômica a qual pertencem bem como para que eles sintam-se integrados na comunidade

Information security management practices: study of the influencing factors in a brazilian air force institution

This article aims at analyzing the factors which influence the staff of the Brazilian Air Force Information Technology Board – DTI in relation to the understanding of the application of the Information Security Management practices. This attempt was based on the hypothetical-deductive method and, as to its objective, it was descriptive in nature. As to the approach of the research problem, it was quantitative in nature. In order to achieve the proposed objective, an adaptation of the Theoretical Technology Acceptance Model – TAM, which allowed the analysis of the relation between sociodemographic profile, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude and behavior of the users, and the level of understanding of the Information Security practices. The survey was conducted with 59 military servants and civilians which are part of the Brazilian Air Force Information Technology Board, to whom a questionnaire was applied, submitted and approved by the Committee of Ethics in Research (CAAE: 62636016.7.0000.5111), which was based on the precepts of ISO/IEC 27001 (2013) and 27002, which deal, respectively, with the Information Security Management system and with the code of practice for Information Security controls. Once the data were gathered, they were tabulated and statistically analyzed, which enabled the demonstration of the influence of sociodemographic and behavioral factors and of the precepts of the TAM in the perception of the Information Security practices by the DTI staff

Digital soil class mapping in Brazil: a systematic review

In Brazil several digital soil class mapping studies were carried out from 2006 onwards to maximize the use of existing maps and information and to provide estimates for wider areas. However, there is no consensus on which methods have produced superior results in the predictive value of soil maps. This study conducts a systematic review of digital soil class mapping in Brazil and aims to analyze the factors which can improve the accuracy of digital soil class maps. Data from 334 digital soil class mapping studies were grouped and analyzed by Student’s t-test, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test. When conventional maps were used for validation, the studies showed average values of 63 % and when field samples were used, 56 % for Overall Accuracy. Studies compatible with the Planimetric Cartographic Accuracy Standard for Digital Cartographic Products (PEC-PCD) averaged between 4 % and 15 % higher accuracy than those of the incompatible group. There seems to be no evidence that increasing the number of variables and samples results in more accurate soil map prediction, but studies using variables related to four soil-forming factors enhanced accuracy. From a density of 0.08 MU km–2 and upwards, it became more difficult for studies to obtain greater accuracy. Artificial neural network classifiers and Decision Tree models seem to be producing more accurate digital soil class maps

Chemical attributes related to acidity and cation exchange capacity of soils of Rio Grande do Sul with different degrees of weathering

A acidificação do solo aumenta com o avanço do intemperismo, que afeta também a composição química e mineralógica dos solos, e isso pode resultar em resposta distinta quando esses são submetidos à correção da acidez do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da correção da acidez do solo na capacidade de troca de cátions de solos (CTC) do Rio Grande do Sul com diferentes graus de intemperização. Foram analisadas 14 amostras de sete tipos de solos do Rio Grande do Sul, na condição natural e submetidos à correção da acidez e da fertilidade, sendo eles PVd, PVAd, LVdf, LBaf, SXe, VEo, MEk. Em função das características químicas, a análise de agrupamento separou as amostras em três grupos com características semelhantes. Os solos bem intemperizados apresentaram baixa fertilidade natural e alta saturação por Al. O inverso é observado em solos pouco intemperizados. A correção dos solos aumentou a saturação por bases, a CTC efetiva e a CTCpH7,0 e eliminou praticamente todo Al3+ trocável, mas o efeito da correção da acidez resultou em modificações mais acentuadas nos atributos químicos dos solos fortemente intemperizados com predomínio de argilominerais 1:1. Nos solos com mineralogia 2:1, a contribuição da argila para a CTC do solo foi de 40 a 50% maior que a contribuição da matéria orgânica. A CTC da fração argila variou de 9 cmolc kg-1 para os Latossolos até 48 cmolc kg-1 para o Vertissolo.Soil acidification increases with weathering, which also affects the chemical and mineralogical composition of soils, and this may result in a distinct response when soil is subjected to soil acidity correction. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of soil acidity correction on the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soils of Rio Grande do Sul with different degrees of weathering. Fourteen samples of seven types of soils of Rio Grande do Sul were analyzed, in the natural condition and submitted to the correction of acidity and fertility, being PVd, PVAd, LVdf, LBaf, SXe, VEo, MEk. In function of the chemical characteristics, the cluster analysis separated the samples into three groups with similar characteristics. Well-weathered soils presented low natural fertility and high Al saturation. The inverse is observed in little-weathered soils. Soil correction increased the base saturation, the effective CEC and the pH7,0CEC and eliminated practically all exchangeable Al3+, but the effect of acidity correction resulted in more pronounced changes in the chemical attributes of heavily weathered soils with predominance of 1:1 clay minerals. In the soils with 2:1 mineralogy, the contribution of clay to the soil CEC was 40 to 50% higher than the contribution of organic matter. The CEC of the clay fraction ranged from 9 cmolc kg-1 for the Oxisols to 48 cmolc kg-1 for the Vertisol

Atributos químicos relacionados à acidez e capacidade de troca de cátions de solos do Rio Grande do Sul com diferentes graus de intemperização

A acidificação do solo aumenta com o avanço do intemperismo, que afeta também a composição química e mineralógica dos solos, e isso pode resultar em resposta distinta quando esses são submetidos à correção da acidez do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da correção da acidez do solo na capacidade de troca de cátions de solos (CTC) do Rio Grande do Sul com diferentes graus de intemperização. Foram analisadas 14 amostras de sete tipos de solos do Rio Grande do Sul, na condição natural e submetidos à correção da acidez e da fertilidade, sendo eles PVd, PVAd, LVdf, LBaf, SXe, VEo, MEk. Em função das características químicas, a análise de agrupamento separou as amostras em três grupos com características semelhantes. Os solos bem intemperizados apresentaram baixa fertilidade natural e alta saturação por Al. O inverso é observado em solos pouco intemperizados. A correção dos solos aumentou a saturação por bases, a CTC efetiva e a CTCpH7,0 e eliminou praticamente todo Al3+ trocável, mas o efeito da correção da acidez resultou em modificações mais acentuadas nos atributos químicos dos solos fortemente intemperizados com predomínio de argilominerais 1:1. Nos solos com mineralogia 2:1, a contribuição da argila para a CTC do solo foi de 40 a 50% maior que a contribuição da matéria orgânica. A CTC da fração argila variou de 9 cmolc kg-1 para os Latossolos até 48 cmolc kg-1 para o Vertissolo

Detecting spatiotemporal variability in the physicochemical properties of water in the Lower Mearim using remote sensing data

Natural or anthropogenic chemical compounds of different origins often accumulate in estuarine regions. These compounds may alter the water quality. Therefore, It is important to constantly monitor the quality of estuarine regions. A combination of remote sensing and traditional sampling can lead to a better monitoring program for water quality parameters. The objective of this work is to assess the spatiotemporal variability of the physicochemical properties of water in the lower region of the Mearim River and estimate water quality parameters via remote sensing. Samples were collected at 16 points, from Baixo Arari to the mouth of the watershed, using a multiparameter meter and Landsat 8 satellite images. The physicochemical parameters of the water had high salinity levels, between 2.30 and 20.10 parts per trillion; a high total dissolved solids content, between 2.77 and 19.70 g/L; and minimum dissolved oxygen values. Estimating the physicochemical properties of the water via remote sensing proved feasible, particularly in the dry season when there is less cloud cover

Diagnóstico e Tratamento da Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 em Pediatria: Uma abordagem abrangente

Significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) in pediatric patients represent pivotal milestones in the professional realm, providing a comprehensive view of emerging therapeutic approaches. Among the discussed strategies, the crucial role of pancreas transplantation, as evidenced by recent studies, stands out. The success of this procedure in highly selected cases offers an optimistic outlook, albeit with the caveat that it should be considered as a last resort, administered in specialized centers, reinforcing the need for a judicious approach. Additionally, the effectiveness of technological innovations such as closed-loop therapy systems, analog insulins, and automatic infusion devices is examined. Positive outcomes from these interventions indicate a significant shift in the management of T1DM in children, with substantial improvements in glycemic control and quality of life. However, the critical analysis of studies underscores the importance of considering the specific nuances of the pediatric age group in the development of therapeutic strategies. Relevant aspects related to cutaneous reactions associated with the use of devices such as insulin pumps and glucose monitors are of paramount importance in the multidisciplinary context. By identifying the prevalence of these reactions and their implications, the urgent need for guidelines for the prevention and management of these cutaneous issues in children with T1DM is emphasized. A multidisciplinary approach, involving diabetologists, dermatologists, and other healthcare professionals, emerges as essential to ensure enhanced cutaneous tolerability and, consequently, the long-term effectiveness of treatment for this pediatric population. Finally, the continuous importance of research and innovation in building a promising future for children facing the complexity of T1DM is underscored. The personalized approach to early diagnosis, coupled with therapeutic interventions tailored to individual needs, promotes not only clinical advancements but also a compassionate approach in managing this chronic condition in pediatric patients. The study concludes by emphasizing the ongoing need for collaboration among healthcare professionals, researchers, and the industry to drive significant advances in the field of diagnosis and treatment of T1DM in Pediatrics.Avanços significativos no diagnóstico e tratamento da Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 (DM1) em pacientes pediátricos representam marcos cruciais no âmbito profissional, proporcionando uma visão abrangente das abordagens terapêuticas emergentes. Dentre as estratégias discutidas, destaca-se o papel fundamental do transplante de pâncreas, como evidenciado por estudos recentes. O sucesso desse procedimento em casos altamente selecionados oferece uma perspectiva otimista, embora a ressalva de que deve ser considerado como última opção, tratado em centros especializados, reforce a necessidade de uma abordagem criteriosa. Adicionalmente, examina-se a eficácia de inovações tecnológicas, como sistemas de terapia de circuito fechado, insulinas análogas e dispositivos de infusão automática. Resultados positivos dessas intervenções indicam uma mudança significativa no manejo da DM1 em crianças, com melhorias substanciais no controle glicêmico e na qualidade de vida. No entanto, a análise crítica dos estudos ressalta a importância de considerar as nuances específicas da faixa etária pediátrica no desenvolvimento de estratégias terapêuticas. Aspectos relevantes relacionados às reações cutâneas associadas ao uso de dispositivos como bombas de insulina e monitores de glicose são de extrema importância no contexto multidisciplinar. Ao identificar a prevalência dessas reações e suas implicações, destaca-se a necessidade urgente de diretrizes para prevenção e manejo desses problemas cutâneos em crianças com DM1. Uma abordagem multidisciplinar, envolvendo diabetologistas, dermatologistas e outros profissionais de saúde, emerge como essencial para garantir uma tolerabilidade cutânea aprimorada e, por conseguinte, a eficácia do tratamento em longo prazo para essa população pediátrica. Por fim, ressalta-se a importância contínua da pesquisa e inovação na construção de um futuro promissor para crianças enfrentando a complexidade da DM1. O enfoque personalizado no diagnóstico precoce, juntamente com intervenções terapêuticas adaptadas às necessidades individuais, promove não apenas avanços clínicos, mas também uma abordagem compassiva na gestão dessa condição crônica em pacientes pediátricos. O estudo conclui enfatizando a necessidade de colaboração contínua entre profissionais de saúde, pesquisadores e a indústria para impulsionar avanços significativos no campo do diagnóstico e tratamento da DM1 em Pediatria

Multi-trait multi-environment models for selecting high-performance and stable eucalyptus clones

Multi-trait multi-environment (MTME) models were fitted to eucalyptus breeding trials data to assess residual variance structure, genetic stability and adaptability. To do so, 215 eucalyptus clones were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with 30 replicates and one plant per plot in four environments. At 36 months of age, tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and pilodyn penetration (PP) were measured. Two MTME models were fitted, for which residuals were considered homoscedastic and heteroscedastic, with the best MTME model selected using Bayesian information criterion. The harmonic mean of the relative performance of the genotypic values (HMRPGV) was used to determine stability and adaptability. Of the two models, the heteroscedastic MTME model had better fit and provided greater accuracy. In addition, genotype-by-environment interaction was complex, and there was low genetic correlation between DBH and PP. Rank correlation between the clones selected by the MTME models was high for DBH but low for PP. The HMRPGV facilitated clone selection through simultaneous evaluation of stability, adaptability, and productivity. Thus, our results suggest that heteroscedastic MTME model / HMRPGV can be efficiently applied in the genetic evaluation and selection of eucalyptus clones

Cadáveres de caninos conservados con alcohol etílico y sal de cura y embalados al vacío para la enseñanza de la cirugía veterinaria

The aim of this study was to biomechanically analyze the skin of canine corpses chemically prepared with ethyl alcohol and curing salt, and vacuum packed, for the practice of veterinary surgery, in addition to obtaining the microbiological evaluation that may occur during the process. Eight canine corpses, weighing 7.96 ± 1.48 kg, were used. The animals were injected with 120 ml/kg of a solution of 20% sodium chloride, 1% nitrite and 1% sodium nitrate, and 150 ml/kg of alcohol with 5% glycerin and kept in vacuum-plastic bags at temperature between 0 and 4 °C. Skin samples were taken on day 0 (fresh samples) and on days 30, 60, 90 and 120 for biomechanical analysis, as well as for microbiological analysis of the fluids in the plastic packaging containers. The maximum rupture force presented by the control group and in the days of conservation showed that the fixation with curimg salts and the storage in vacuum packs maintained the biomechanical characteristics of the skin for up to 120 days in the corpses under refrigeration.El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar biomecánicamente la piel de cadáveres de caninos preparados químicamente con alcohol etílico y sal de cura, y embalados al vacío, para la práctica da cirugía veterinaria, además de obtener la evaluación microbiológica que se puede presentar durante el proceso. Se trabajó con ocho cadáveres de caninos, de peso 7.96±1.48 kg. Los animales fueron inyectados con 120 ml/kg de una solución de cloruro de sodio al 20%, nitrito al 1% y nitrato de sodio al 1%, y 150 ml/kg de alcohol con glicerina al 5% y se mantuvieron en envases al vacío a tempretatura entre 0 y 4 °C. Se tomaron muestras de piel el día 0 (muestras frescas) y los días 30, 60, 90 y 120 para análisis biomecánico, así como para análisis microbiológico de los fluidos en los envases del embalaje plástico. La fuerza máxima de ruptura presentada por el grupo control y en los días de conservación demonstró que la fijación con las sales de cura y el almacenamiento en embalajes al vacío mantuvo las características biomecánicas de la piel hasta por 120 días en los cadáveres bajo refrigeración