Planeación estratégica para la fundación universitaria Comfamiliar Risaralda

Se ha elaborado una propuesta de plan estratégico para la Fundación Universitaria Comfamiliar Risaralda, con el propósito de minimizar los riesgos y reducir la incertidumbre que pueda tener la institución sobre sus ingresos futuros y así definir los objetivos estratégicos y las acciones que se llevaran a cabo para alcanzarlos, de esta manera se facilita la gestión de la organización al hacerla más transparente, definir y estandarizar los procesos, procedimientos y políticas, ello genera coherencia entre las acciones que se realizan y las expectativas de la dirección, poniendo a la institución en relación con las necesidades del entorno.Universidad Libre Seccional Pereira -- Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Administrativas y Contables -- Especialización en Planeación y Gestión Estratégic

Diversidad de halófitas chilenas: distribución, origen y hábito

Halophyte species are recognized for their ability to survive in salty environments. However, this condition greatly variesamong plant taxons, difficulting their proper classification. Currently, the eHALOPH database registers halophyte speciesfrom around the world, under a single salinity criterion. In the present study, the first list of halophyte species present inChile made from eHALOPH is presented. Results indicate a diversity of 138 species, distributed in 31 families. Over 80%of species are herbaceous and nearly 55% are exotic. The largest richness was found in Coquimbo and Valparaíso regions,and the lowest in the insular territory. These results are a first approximation to halophyte diversity in Chile. At the sametime, it poses a challenge to advance in their recognition in order to propose strategies for their conservation and use.Las especies halófitas son reconocidas por su capacidad de sobrevivir en ambientes salinos. Sin embargo, esta condiciónvaría enormemente entre los diferentes taxones de plantas halófitas, dificultando su correcta clasificación. Actualmente, labase de datos eHALOPH registra las especies halófitas de todo el mundo bajo un único criterio de salinidad. En este trabajose presenta el primer listado de halófitas en Chile, elaborado a partir de eHALOPH. Los resultados indican una diversidadde 138 especies, distribuidas en 31 familias. Más del 80% de estas especies son herbáceas y cerca del 55% son exóticas. Lamayor riqueza se encontró en las regiones de Coquimbo y Valparaíso, y la menor en el territorio insular. Estos resultadosson una primera aproximación a la diversidad de especies halófitas en Chile. Al mismo tiempo, plantean un desafío paraavanzar con su reconocimiento con el fin de proponer posibles estrategias para su conservación y uso

Rendimiento comparativo de las variedades de arroz en molinos arroceros-departamento del Magdalena.

Arroz-Oryza sativ

Effect of single and combined Cu, NaCl and water stresses on three Atriplex species with phytostabilization potential

Phytostabilization of metal enriched substrates in arid and semiarid areas depends on the use of metal-tolerant or metallophyte plants in order to decrease metal mobilization and dispersion. However, the co-occurrence of other abiotic restrictions on plant growth, such as drought and salinity calls for a new perspective for plant selection. Since components of salt and drought tolerance traits of halophytes are also present in metal stress, Atriplex species, typical of dry and salty soils, emerge as good candidates for phytostabilization. But in order to confirm this potential, it is necessary to explore specific responses to increasing copper, salt and water stress. In this study, we compared the effect of single and combined copper, NaCl and PEG- induced water stresses on growth parameters of the Chilean Atriplex atacamensis, European A. halimus and Australian A. nummularia under controlled hydroponic assays. Results showed that increasing copper had severe effects on root development of all three species, with subsequent effects on their shoot biomass. Salt stress effects were mostly osmotic, with a decrease in shoot fresh weight and water content, and PEG- induced water stress had no clear effect on growth of roots and shoots. Combination of copper with NaCl and PEG further decreased plant growth, but this effect varied among Atriplex species. This shows that growth of Atriplex species responds differently to each individual stress and that stressor combination causes an overall negative effects in their growth parameters

Growth and physiological effects of single and combined Cu, NaCl, and water stresses on Atriplex atacamensis and A. halimus

Halophyte species have been proposed as suitable candidates for the phytostabilization of metal enriched sites in arid and semiarid ecosystems, but co-occurring conditions, such as salinity and water stress, can affect plant growth and colonization. In this work, we determined the effect of single and combined copper (Cu), salt (NaCl), and water stress on growth and tolerance strategies used by two xerohalophyte species of the genus Atriplex: Chilean A. atacamensis and European A. halimus. Seedlings of both species were subjected to 5 and 10 uM Cu, 0.5% NaCl, and 7.85mM polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) in hydroponic cultures to create single and combined stress treatments. A single Cu stressor decreased growth parameters of both species, with a higher effect on A. atacamensis. Copper accumulation was higher in roots, which can be related to an increase of root non-protein thiols (NPT). Single NaCl had no negative effects on growth but increased leaf sodium (Na). Single PEG decreased shoot growth, especially in A. halimus, but had no effect on GSH expression. A combination of Cu, NaCl, and PEG further decreased growth parameters, but did not decrease glutathione, proline, or non-protein thiol expression. Atriplex atacamensis and A. halimus are affected differently by combined stresses, but both species show an active tolerance response to the presented conditions

Decoupled evolution of foliar freezing resistance, temperature niche and morphological leaf traits in Chilean Myrceugenia

Artículo de publicación ISI1. Phylogenetic conservatism of tolerance to freezing temperatures has been cited to explain the tendency of plant lineages to grow in similar climates. However, there is little information about whether or not freezing resistance is conserved across phylogenies, and whether conservatism of physiological traits could explain conservatism of realized climatic niches. Here, we compared the phylogenetical lability of realized climatic niche, foliar freezing resistance and four morphological leaf traits that are generally considered to be adaptations to frost resistance in the Chilean species of Myrceugenia, which grows in a wide range of habitats. 2. We estimated the predicted niche occupancy profiles with respect to minimum temperature (minT) of all species. We measured foliar freezing resistance (using chlorophyll fluorescence), leaf size, leaf mass per area (LMA), stomatal and trichome densities of 10 individuals per species. Finally, we estimated phylogenetic signal, and we performed independent contrast analyses among all variables. 3. We found that both foliar freezing resistance and minT were subject to a significant phylogenetic signal, but the former had a stronger signal. We also detected a significant, but weak correlation between them (r = 0.49, Pone tail = 0.04). Morphological traits evolved independent of any phylogenetic effect. 4. Synthesis. Our results show that freezing resistance evolved in association with temperature niche, but with some delay that could result from phylogenetic inertia. Our results also show that morphological leaf traits are more labile than realized climatic niche and frost tolerance and that the formers probably evolved in association with microhabitat preferences.This work was supported by Grants Fondecyt 1110929, ICM P05-002, the Millennium Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), grant P05-002 from Mideplan, PFB 23 from Conicyt PFB- 023

Seaweed Biochar (Sourced from Marine Water Remediation Farms) for Soil Remediation: Towards an Integrated Approach of Terrestrial-Coastal Marine Water Remediation

Biochar made from seaweed biomass of marine farms established for water pollutant remediation may be a promising amendment for soil remediation in the same coastal territory. The study aimed to assess the soil Cu-immobilizing, pH neutralizing, and nutrient improvement capabilities of a seaweed biochar when incorporated into degraded soil of the same coastal territory (Puchuncaví District, central Chile). Experimental design considered five treatments; degraded soil of Puchuncaví valley (C-), C- amended with either local seaweed biochar (B), vermicompost (V), or its mixture (BV), and a background soil (C+). Experimental soils were placed in pots and kept in a greenhouse (4 weeks). Lolium perenne was then sown and cultivated until week 11. Treatments amended with biochar (B and BV) significantly increased soil pH, available nitrogen and decreased Cu2+ ions. These treatments reached very high EC values but had no negative effect on plant yield. Regarding plant growth, V and BV significantly increased biomass, but V resulted in higher yield because of its higher nutritional status. It was concluded that seaweed biochar, made from local seaweed biomass of a coastal marine water pollutant remediation farm, may be an effective soil amendment for degraded soils of the same coastal territory, although its combination with an organic amendment should be considered

Seaweed Biochar (Sourced from Marine Water Remediation Farms) for Soil Remediation: Towards an Integrated Approach of Terrestrial-Coastal Marine Water Remediation

Biochar made from seaweed biomass of marine farms established for water pollutant remediation may be a promising amendment for soil remediation in the same coastal territory. The study aimed to assess the soil Cu-immobilizing, pH neutralizing, and nutrient improvement capabilities of a seaweed biochar when incorporated into degraded soil of the same coastal territory (Puchuncaví District, central Chile). Experimental design considered five treatments; degraded soil of Puchuncaví valley (C-), C- amended with either local seaweed biochar (B), vermicompost (V), or its mixture (BV), and a background soil (C+). Experimental soils were placed in pots and kept in a greenhouse (4 weeks). Lolium perenne was then sown and cultivated until week 11. Treatments amended with biochar (B and BV) significantly increased soil pH, available nitrogen and decreased Cu2+ ions. These treatments reached very high EC values but had no negative effect on plant yield. Regarding plant growth, V and BV significantly increased biomass, but V resulted in higher yield because of its higher nutritional status. It was concluded that seaweed biochar, made from local seaweed biomass of a coastal marine water pollutant remediation farm, may be an effective soil amendment for degraded soils of the same coastal territory, although its combination with an organic amendment should be considered

Prevalence of Eroding Facets

Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de facetas de desgaste. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal, en los pacientes usuarios de la Clínica Especializada de la Universidad San Martin de Porres, durante los meses de abril a junio del 2012.La muestra estuvo constituida por 245 pacientes, en los que se realizó un examen odontológico y un cuestionario para evaluar los siguientes factores: edad del paciente, genero, ocupación, cantidad de piezas dentarias con facetas de desgaste, factores predisponentes a la aparición de facetas de desgaste. Resultados. Los valores obtenidos muestran que el 77.55% de los pacientes presentaron facetas de desgaste, sin diferencia entre el sexo masculino y femenino. El grupo de edad más afectada estuvo constituido por pacientes entre 18-33 años (34.74%) seguido por el grupo de 34-49 años (31.05%). La pieza dental más afectada fueron los Incisivos (43.26%), seguido de los caninos (28.11%), los cuales presentaron también mayor sensibilidad táctil y al chorro de aire. El cepillado vigoroso el único factor predisponente en el que se encontró significancia.Autofinanciad