PERISCOPE : a new Phenotyping Experimental device for individual Root and shoot Investigations in reconStructed CanOPy until harvEst, under field-like conditions

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Towards the full modeling of microstructure evolutions during metal forming industrial processes

International audienceThe mechanical and thermal properties of metallic materials are strongly related to their microstructure.The understanding and the modeling of the microstructural evolution mechanisms is then crucialwhen it comes to optimize the forming process and the final in-use properties of the materials.Macroscopic and homogenized models, also called mean-field models are widely used in the industry, mainlydue to their low computational cost. They are generally based on empirical laws and thus require manyfitting parameters which must be calibrated through experimental testing or lower-scale simulations.Furthermore, given the complexity of modern metallurgical problems, these models may not be accurateenough to capture local but significant events. Thanks to the explosion of computer capacities, finer modelingtechniques are now available.These lower scale approaches, the so-called full field models, are based on a full description of the microstructure topology and are used for awide range of metallurgical mechanisms (recrystallization, grain growth, Smith-Zener pinning, solid/solid phase tranformations and moreglobally diffusion mechanisms,...). One major difficulty, which will be discussed in this presentation, is to propose an efficient and precise globalnumerical framework allowing to take into account the principal and concommitant mechanisms at work during metal forming. This objectivebecomes crucial when industrial applications with realistic thermomechanical paths are considered.The capabilities of recent developments, based on a finite element - levet set numerical framework, to model, at a representative volumeelement scale, microstructure evolutions during industrial thermomechanical paths and for differents materials will be illustrated

Towards the full field modeling of microstructure evolutions during metal forming industrial processes

International audienc

Recommandations du GEFPICS pour la prise en charge des prélèvements dans le cadre du traitement néoadjuvant du cancer du sein

International audienceNeoadjuvant therapy is an increasing treatment option in the management of breast cancer. The tumor response to neoadjuvant therapy, especially the pathological complete response, is a validated endpoint frequently used in clinical trials. However, there is still a lack of standardization for the surgical specimen management in the neoadjuvant setting. This leads to heterogeneity in the specimen handling and might lead to significant bias for the prognostic assessment of patients or in clinical trials. The GEFPICS group, composed of expert breast cancer pathologists, herein presents guidelines for the management of breast and axillary specimen before treatment (management of biopsy, items of the pathological report) and after neoadjuvant therapy (specimen handling, histological assessment of response, items of the pathological report and response grading systems)

[2021 update of the GEFPICS’ recommendations for HER2 status assessment in invasive breast cancer in France]

International audienceThe last international guidelines on HER2 determination in breast cancer have been updated in 2018 by the American Society of Clinical Oncology and College of American Pathologists, on the basis of a twenty-year practice and results of numerous clinical trials. Moreover, the emerging HER2-low concept for 1+ and 2+ non amplified breast cancers lead to refine French practices for HER2 status assessment. The GEFPICS group, composed of expert pathologists, herein presents the latest French recommendations for HER2 status evaluation in breast cancer, taking into account the ASCO/CAP guidelines and introducing the HER2-low concept. In the era of personalized medicine, HER2 status assessment remains one of the most important biomarkers in breast cancer and its quality guaranties the optimal patients' care. French pathologists' commitment in theranostic biomarker quality is more than ever required to provide the most efficient cares in oncology.Les dernières recommandations internationales pour l’évaluation du statut HER2 dans les cancers du sein, basées sur vingt ans d’expérience et sur les résultats de nombreuses études cliniques, ont vu le jour en 2018. D’autre part, la notion émergente de catégorie HER2 faible pour les cancers du sein de score 1+ en immunohistochimie ou de score 2+ sans amplification du gène HER2 en hybridation in situ invite à adapter les pratiques des pathologistes français. Ces modifications importantes et les bouleversements à venir sont l’occasion, pour le GEFPICS, de proposer une mise à jour des recommandations françaises pour l’évaluation du statut HER2 dans les cancers du sein. À l’ère de la médecine personnalisée, la détermination du statut HER2 reste un élément phare dans le panel des biomarqueurs théranostiques des cancers du sein, et sa bonne évaluation est garante d’une prise en charge optimale des patientes atteintes de cancer du sein. L’implication des pathologistes français dans la qualité des tests théranostiques témoigne de leur rôle essentiel dans la prise en charge des patients en cancérologie