International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis

Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICAR‐RS‐2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidence‐based findings of the document. Methods: ICAR‐RS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidence‐based reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidence‐based reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICAR‐RS‐2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidence‐based management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICAR‐RS‐2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidence‐based recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS

Designing preterm muscle tone and arm movement simulation

Of all babies born, only a small percentage is premature but this small percentage accounts for a large portion of infant deaths [3]. Training for health risk assessment is one of the factors that might help in lowering the mortality of premature neonates. Designing tools that support this type of training improves the safety of the premature neonates at risk. The topic of this paper is the design and implementation of arm movement and muscle tone simulation in a premature neonate simulator that can be used for team training of gyneacology emergency response teams

Patient simulator

The present invention relates to a patient simulator comprising an elongated flexible conduit for simulating a human or animal fluid conduit. The patient simulator to that end comprises detection means for detecting local deformation of the cross-section of the conduit. The present invention further relates to a method for simulating constriction of a human or animal fluid conduit in a patient simulato